Clinical characteristics and analysis of vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss in different ages.

BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have found that patients experiencing sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL), with or without accompanying vertigo, often show impaired vestibular function. However, there is a dearth of studies analyzing vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) in SSHL patients across various age groups. AIM: To investigate vestibular condition in SSHL patients across various age demographics. METHODS: Clinical data of 84 SSHL patients were investigated retrospectively. Audiometry, cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (c-VEMPs), and ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (o-VEMPs) were conducted on these patients. Parameters assessed included the latencies of P1 and N1 waves, as well as the amplitudes of P1-N1 waves. Moreover, the study evaluated the influence of factors such as sex, affected side, configuration of hearing loss, and presence of accompanying vertigo. RESULTS: Among the 84 SSHL patients, no significant differences were observed among the three groups in terms of gender, affected side, and the presence or absence of vertigo. Group II (aged 41-60 years) had the highest number of SSHL cases. The rates of absent o-VEMPs in the affected ears were 20.83%, 31.58%, and 22.72% for the three age groups, respectively, with no statistically significant difference among them. The rates of absent c-VEMPs in the affected ears were 8.3%, 34.21%, and 18.18% for the three age groups, respectively, with significant differences. In the unaffected ears, there were differences observed in the extraction rates of o-VEMPs in the unaffected ears among the age groups. In the three age groups, no significant differences were noted in the three age groups in the latencies of P1 and N1 waves or in the amplitude of N1-P1 waves for c-VEMPs and o-VEMPs, either on the affected side or on the unaffected side, across the three age groups. CONCLUSION: The extraction rate of VEMPs is more valuable than parameters. Regardless of the presence of vertigo, vestibular organs are involved in SSHL. Notably, SSHL patients aged 41-60 appear more susceptible to damage to the inferior vestibular nerve and saccule.

Rotational inertia-induced glassy transition in chiral particle systems.

The dense active matter exhibits characteristics reminiscent of traditional glassy phenomena, yet the role of rotational inertia in glass dynamics remains elusive. In this study, we investigate the glass dynamics of chiral active particles influenced by rotational inertia. Rotational inertia endows exponential memory to particle orientation, restricting its alteration and amplifying the effective persistence time. At lower spinning frequencies, the diffusion coefficient exhibits a peak function relative to rotational inertia for shorter persistence times, while it steadily increases with rotational inertia for longer persistence times. In the realm of high-frequency spinning, the impact of rotational inertia on diffusion behavior becomes more pronounced, resulting in a nonmonotonic and intricate relationship between the diffusion coefficient and rotational inertia. Consequently, the introduction of rotational inertia significantly alters the glassy dynamics of chiral active particles, allowing for the control over transitions between fluid and glassy states by modulating rotational inertia. Moreover, our findings indicate that at a specific spinning temperature, there exists an optimal spinning frequency at which the diffusion coefficient attains its maximum value.

Catalytic properties of trivalent rare-earth oxides with intrinsic surface oxygen vacancy.

Oxygen vacancy (Ov) is an anionic defect widely existed in metal oxide lattice, as exemplified by CeO2, TiO2, and ZnO. As Ov can modify the band structure of solid, it improves the physicochemical properties such as the semiconducting performance and catalytic behaviours. We report here a new type of Ov as an intrinsic part of a perfect crystalline surface. Such non-defect Ov stems from the irregular hexagonal sawtooth-shaped structure in the (111) plane of trivalent rare earth oxides (RE2O3). The materials with such intrinsic Ov structure exhibit excellent performance in ammonia decomposition reaction with surface Ru active sites. Extremely high H2 formation rate has been achieved at ~1 wt% of Ru loading over Sm2O3, Y2O3 and Gd2O3 surface, which is 1.5-20 times higher than reported values in the literature. The discovery of intrinsic Ov suggests great potentials of applying RE oxides in heterogeneous catalysis and surface chemistry.

Non-contrast CT radiomics-clinical machine learning model for futile recanalization after endovascular treatment in anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a machine learning model based on radiomics and clinical features derived from non-contrast CT to predict futile recanalization (FR) in patients with anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke (AIS) undergoing endovascular treatment. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 174 patients who underwent endovascular treatment for acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke between January 2020 and December 2023. FR was defined as successful recanalization but poor prognosis at 90 days (modified Rankin Scale, mRS 4-6). Radiomic features were extracted from non-contrast CT and selected using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression method. Logistic regression (LR) model was used to build models based on radiomic and clinical features. A radiomics-clinical nomogram model was developed, and the predictive performance of the models was evaluated using area under the curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. RESULTS: A total of 174 patients were included. 2016 radiomic features were extracted from non-contrast CT, and 9 features were selected to build the radiomics model. Univariate and stepwise multivariate analyses identified admission NIHSS score, hemorrhagic transformation, NLR, and admission blood glucose as independent factors for building the clinical model. The AUC of the radiomics-clinical nomogram model in the training and testing cohorts were 0.860 (95%CI 0.801-0.919) and 0.775 (95%CI 0.605-0.945), respectively. CONCLUSION: The radiomics-clinical nomogram model based on non-contrast CT demonstrated satisfactory performance in predicting futile recanalization in patients with anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke.

[Material basis and mechanism of Bletillae Rhizoma for melasma, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, lung cancer and bronchoplumonary inflammation as "homotherapy for heteropathy" based on UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap HRMS coupled with network pharmacology and molecular docking].

Based on UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap HRMS coupled with the network pharmacology and molecular docking, the common material basis and molecular mechanisms of Bletillae Rhizoma for melasma, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, lung cancer and bronchoplumonary inflammation as "homotherapy for heteropathy" were explored. The fingerprint of 17 batches of Bletillae Rhizoma from different areas was established using HPLC, and the similarity analysis was carried out. The common chemical components of the 17 batches of Bletillae Rhizoma were identified using UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap HRMS. Depending on the bioavailability and drug-like properties of the common components, the active chemical components were screened, and then their protein targets were collected using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP) and SwissTargetPrediction database. The protein targets related to diseases were retrieved from the databases DrugBank, TTD and GeneCards to produce a Venn diagram. The shared targets were obtained between drugs and diseases as "homotherapy for heteropathy" targets. The protein-protein interaction(PPI) was analyzed with the STRING database, and KEGG and GO analyses of the "homotherapy for heteropathy" targets were performed using the Bioconductor database. Cytoscape 3.7.2 software was employed to construct the "chemical components of Bletillae Rhizoma-homotherapy for heteropathy targets" network and PPI network, and topological analysis was conducted to screen out the key active chemical components and core targets. Finally, the affinity between the active components and core targets was evaluated using the molecular docking by AutoDock Vina 4.2.6, which verified the interaction between them. Thirteen common peaks were identified by fingerprint chromatography, and the similarity between different batches was 0.941-0.998. Fifty-three chemical components were identified by mass spectrometry in Bletillae Rhizoma, and 18 common chemical constituents were obtained in the 17 batches of Bletillae Rhizoma. Network pharmacologic screening showed that the pharmacodynamic substances of Bletillae Rhizoma for melasma, gastrointestinal hemo-rrhage, lung cancer and bronchoplumonary inflammation with "homotherapy for heteropathy" were 11 compounds, such as polysaccharides, biphenanthrenes, dihydrophenanthrenes and bibenzyls. There were 42 common targets identified for the treatment of different diseases. These targets were involved in biological processes such as cell response to chemical stress, reactive oxygen species and positive regulation of protein kinase B signal transduction. They were also involved in 121 signaling pathways, encompassing vital pathways such as PI3K-Akt, ErbB, Rap1, FoxO, MAPK and estrogen. Molecular docking results showed a strong affinity between the key active components and the core targets. This study provides a preliminary explanation of how Bletillae Rhizoma exerts its therapeutic effect on chloasma, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, lung cancer, and bronchopneumonic lesions as "homotherapy for heteropathy" through a combined action involving multiple components, targets, and pathways. These findings offer a certain theoretical basis for the further deve-lopment and application of Bletillae Rhizoma.

New Monoterpenoid Glycosides from the Fruits of Hypericum patulum Thunb.

The whole Hypericum patulum Thunb. plant is utilized in traditional medicine for its properties of clearing heat, detoxifying, soothing meridians, relaxing the liver, and stopping bleeding. In folk medicine, it is frequently used to treat hepatitis, colds, tonsillitis, and bruises. Phytochemical investigation of a 30% ethanol extract of the fresh ripe fruits of H. patulum has resulted in the isolation of two new pinane-type monoterpenoid glycosides 1-2, named patulumside E-F, and three new chain-shaped monoterpenoid glycosides 3-5, named patulumside G-H, J. Their structures were determined using extensive spectroscopic techniques, such as HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculation. The anti-inflammatory activities of these compounds were evaluated in the LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. This research represents the inaugural comprehensive phytochemical study of H. patulum, paving the way for further exploration of monoterpenoid glycosides.

Stimulating Electron Delocalization of Lanthanide Elements through High-Entropy Confinement to Promote Electrocatalytic Water Splitting.

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) have aroused extensive attention in the field of catalysis. However, due to the integration of multiple active sites in HEA, it exhibits excessive adsorption behavior resulting in difficult desorption of active species from the catalyst surfaces, which hinders the catalytic efficiency. Therefore, adjusting the adsorption strength of the active site in HEA to enhance the catalytic activity is of great importance. By introducing rare-earth (RE) elements into the high-entropy alloy, the delocalization of 4f electrons can be achieved through the interaction between the multimetal active site and RE, which benefits to regulate the adsorption strength of the HEA surface. Herein, the RE Ce-modified hexagonal-close-packed PtRuFeCoNiZn-Ce/C HEAs are synthesized and showed an excellent electrocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction with ultralow overpotentials of 4, 7 and 156, 132 mV, respectively, to reach 10 mA cm-2 in 0.5 M H2SO4 and 1.0 M KOH solutions, and the assembled water electrolysis cell only requires a voltage of 1.43 V to reach 10 mA cm-2, which is much better than the performance of PtRuFeCoNiZn/C. Combined with the results of in situ attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT), the fundamental reasons for the improvement of catalyst activity come from two aspects: (i) local lattice distortion of HEA caused by the introduction of RE with large atomic radius induces 4f orbital electron delocalization of RE elements and enhances electron exchange between RE and active sites. (ii) The electronegativity difference between the RE element and the active site forms a surface dipole in HEA, which optimizes the adsorption of the active intermediate by the HEA surface site. This study provides an insightful idea for the rational design of high-performance HEA- and RE-based electrocatalysts.

A convenient calf proportion index calculator for survival prediction in overweight and obese patients with cancer.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to define the calf proportion index (CPI) and investigate its association with malnutrition and survival in overweight and obese patients with cancer. METHODS: This multicenter observational cohort study included 3499 patients diagnosed with cancer, including 3145 overweight and 354 obese individuals. The CPI was defined as the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the calf circumference (CC) to the body surface area (BSA). A CPI calculator that automatically calculated the CPI and survival probability based on the patient's sex, height, weight, and CC was developed. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 44.1 months, 935 deaths were recorded. Receiver operating characteristic curves revealed that the CPI was better than CC and BSA as a predictor of survival, with AUCs for the 3-year mortality rate were 0.574, 0.553 and 0.529, respectively. In overweight and obese patients with cancer, the optimal CPI cut-off value was 0.65 % for men and 0.57 % for women. The Kaplan-Meier curve revealed that patients with a low CPI had lower survival. After adjusting confounding factors, a low CPI was an independent risk factor for overweight (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.29, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.11-1.51, P < 0.001) and obesity (HR: 1.92, 95 % CI: 1.20-3.09, P = 0.007) in patients with cancer. The CPI exhibited significant prognostic value in patients with lung and digestive system cancers. The risk of malnutrition was significantly higher in patients with a low CPI (HR: 1.25, 95 % CI: 1.04-1.50, P = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS: The CPI is a useful prognostic indicator in overweight and obese patients with cancer, especially in obese patients.

Tazarotene-induced Gene 1 Induces Melanoma Cell Death by Triggering Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response.

BACKGROUND: This study investigated the mechanism by which tazarotene-induced gene 1 (TIG1) inhibits melanoma cell growth. The main focus was to analyze downstream genes regulated by TIG1 in melanoma cells and its impact on cell growth. METHODS: The effects of TIG1 expression on cell viability and death were assessed using water-soluble tetrazolium 1 (WST-1) mitochondrial staining and lactate dehydrogenase release assays. RNA sequencing and Western blot analysis were employed to investigate the genes regulated by TIG1 in melanoma cells. Additionally, the correlation between TIG1 expression and its downstream genes was analyzed in a melanoma tissue array. RESULTS: TIG1 expression in melanoma cells was associated with decreased cell viability and increased cell death. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq), quantitative reverse transcription PCR (reverse RT-QPCR), and immunoblots revealed that TIG1 expression induced the expression of Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) stress response-related genes such as Homocysteine-responsive endoplasmic reticulum-resident ubiquitin-like domain member 1 (HERPUD1), Binding immunoglobulin protein (BIP), and DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 (DDIT3). Furthermore, analysis of the melanoma tissue array revealed a positive correlation between TIG1 expression and the expression of HERPUD1, BIP, and DDIT3. Additionally, attenuation of the ER stress response in melanoma cells weakened the impact of TIG1 on cell growth. CONCLUSIONS: TIG1 expression effectively hinders the growth of melanoma cells. TIG1 induces the upregulation of ER stress response-related genes, leading to an increase in caspase-3 activity and subsequent cell death. These findings suggest that the ability of retinoic acid to prevent melanoma formation may be associated with the anticancer effect of TIG1.

Band Gap Renormalization at Different Symmetry Points in Perovskites.

Using ultrafast broad-band transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy of photoexcited MAPbBr3 thin films with probe continua in the visible and the mid- to deep-ultraviolet (UV) ranges, we capture the ultrafast renormalization at the fundamental gap at the R symmetry point of the Brillouin zone (BZ) and a higher energy gap at the M symmetry point. Advanced global lifetime analysis and lifetime density distribution analysis are applied to extract quantitative information. Our work confirms the similarity of the response at both high-symmetry points, which indicates a band edge renormalization that rises within the instrument response function (IRF, ∼250 fs) and decays in ca. 400-600 fs, undergoing an energy red shift of 90-150 meV. The reported time scale corresponds to the decay of free carriers into neutral excitons. The ability to monitor different high-symmetry points in photoexcited perovskites opens exciting prospects for the characterization of a large class of materials and for photonic applications.

Ceria-Optimized Oxygen-Species Exchange in Hierarchical Bimetallic Hydroxide for Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation.

The utilization of rare earth elements to regulate the interaction between catalysts and oxygen-containing species holds promising prospects in the field of oxygen electrocatalysis. Through structural engineering and adsorption regulation, it is possible to achieve high-performance catalytic sites with a broken activity-stability tradeoff. Herein, this work fabricates a hierarchical CeO2/NiCo hydroxide for electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). This material exhibits superior overpotentials and enhanced stability. Multiple potential-dependent experiments reveal that CeO2 promotes oxygen-species exchange, especially OH- ions, between catalyst and environment, thereby optimizing the redox transformation of hydroxide and the adsorption of oxygen-containing intermediates during OER. This is attributed to the reduction in the adsorption energy barrier of Ni to *OH facilitated by CeO2, particularly the near-interfacial Ni sites. The less-damaging adsorbate evolution mechanism and the CeO2 hierarchical shell significantly enhance the structural robustness, leading to exceptional stability. Additionally, the observed "self-healing" phenomenon provides further substantiation for the accelerated oxygen exchange. This work provides a neat strategy for the synthesis of ceria-based complex hollow electrocatalysts, as well as an in-depth insight into the co-catalytic role of CeO2 in terms of oxygen transfer.

Undifferentiated high-grade pleomorphic sarcoma of the common bile duct: A case report and review of literature.

BACKGROUND: Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) is a rare malignant mesenchymal tumor with a poor prognosis. It mainly occurs in the extremities, trunk, head and neck, and retroperitoneum regions. Owing to the lack of specific clinical manifestations and imaging features, UPS diagnosis mainly depends on pathological and immunohistochemical examinations for exclusive diagnosis. Here we report an extremely rare case of high-grade UPS in the common bile duct (CBD). There are limited available data on such cases. CASE SUMMARY: A 70-year-old woman was admitted to our department with yellow eyes and urine accompanied by upper abdominal distending pain for 2 wk. Her laboratory data suggested significantly elevated hepatorenal function levels. The imaging data revealed calculous cholecystitis, intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile duct dilation with extrahepatic bile duct calculi, and a space-occupying lesion at the distal CBD. After endoscopic biliary stenting and symptomatic support therapy, CBD exploration and biopsy were performed. The frozen section indicated malignant spindle cell tumor of the CBD mass, and further radical pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed. Finally, the neoplasm was diagnosed as a high-grade UPS combined with the light-microscopic morphology and immunohistochemical results. CONCLUSION: This extremely rare case highlighted the need for increasing physicians' vigilance, reducing the odds of misdiagnosis, and providing appropriate treatment strategies.

Impact of different anastomosis methods on post-recurrence after intestinal resection for Crohn's disease: A meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract, often requiring intestinal resection as a common treatment. However, recurrence after surgery is common. The anastomotic configuration after bowel resection appears to be associated with the recurrence of CD. Previous studies have suggested that the Kono-S anastomosis may help to reduce the recurrence rate. However, the results remain controversial. Therefore, evidence-based evidence is needed to prove the advantages of Kono-S anastomosis. AIM: To measure the influence of anastomosis techniques on the long-term relapse rate of CD by conducting a meta-analysis. METHODS: PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library were searched until October 8, 2023. Patients who underwent intestinal resection due to CD were included. The intervention measures included Kono-S anastomosis, whereas the control group received traditional anastomosis such as end-to-end, end-to-side, and side-to-side anastomosis. Only randomized clinical trials and observational studies were included. The primary outcome measures were hospital stay post-surgery, overall postoperative complication incidence, the proportion of Clavien-Dindo grade IIIa or higher, overall postoperative recurrence rate, and Rutgeerts score. RESULTS: From 2011 to 2023, six articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results indicated that Kono-S anastomosis can reduce the hospital stay post-surgery of patients with CD [MD = -0.26, 95%CI: -0.42 to -0.10, P = 0.002] than other traditional anastomosis methods. Compared to other traditional anastomosis methods, Kono-S anastomosis can significantly reduce the total recurrence rate [MD = 0.40, 95%CI: 0.17 to 0.98, P = 0.05] and postoperative Rutgeerts score [MD = -0.81, 95%CI: -0.96 to -0.66, P < 0.001] in patients with CD. However, there is no significant disparity in the overall occurrence of postoperative complications and the proportion of Clavien-Dindo ≥ IIIa. CONCLUSION: Kono-S anastomosis has the potential to expedite the recuperation of CD and diminish relapse hazards; however, additional larger trials are necessary to authenticate its effectiveness.

Optomechanical Frequency Comb Based on Multiple Nonlinear Dynamics.

Phonon-based frequency combs that can be generated in the optical and microwave frequency domains have attracted much attention due to the small repetition rates and the simple setup. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a new type of phonon-based frequency comb in a silicon optomechanical crystal cavity including both a breathing mechanical mode (∼GHz) and flexural mechanical modes (tens of MHz). We observe strong mode competition between two approximate flexural mechanical modes, i.e., 77.19 and 90.17 MHz, resulting in only one preponderant lasing, while maintaining the lasing of the breathing mechanical mode. These simultaneous observations of two-mode phonon lasing state and significant mode competition are counterintuitive. We have formulated comprehensive theories to elucidate this phenomenon in response to this intriguing outcome. In particular, the self-pulse induced by the free carrier dispersion and thermo-optic effects interacts with two approximate flexural mechanical modes, resulting in the repetition rate of the comb frequency-locked to exact fractions of one of the flexural mechanical modes and the mode hopping between them. This phonon-based frequency comb has at least 260 comblines and a repetition rate as low as a simple fraction of the flexural mechanical frequency. Our demonstration offers an alternative optomechanical frequency comb for sensing, timing, and metrology applications.

Transparent cap adjusted the stent placed for stenosis after endoscopic injection of esophageal varices: A case report.

BACKGROUND: The stent embedded in the esophageal mucosa is one of the complications after stenting for esophageal stricture. We present a case of stent adjustment with the aid of a transparent cap after endoscopic injection of an esophageal varices stent. CASE SUMMARY: A 61-year-old male patient came to the hospital with discomfort of the chest after the stent implanted for the stenosis because of endoscopic injection of esophageal varices. The gastroscopy was performed, and the stent embedded into the esophageal mucosa. At first, we pulled the recycling line for shrinking the stent, however, the mucosa could not be removed from the stent. Then a forceps was performed to remove the mucosa in the stent, nevertheless, the bleeding form the mucosa was obvious. And then, we used a transparent cap to scrape the mucosa along the stent, and the mucosa were removed successfully without bleeding. CONCLUSION: A transparent cap helps gastroscopy to remove the mucosa embedded in the stent after endoscopic injection of the esophageal varices stent.

Proline Isomerization and Molten Globular Property of TgPDCD5 Secreted from Toxoplasma gondii Confers Its Regulation of Heparin Sulfate Binding.

Toxoplasmosis, caused by Toxoplasma gondii, poses risks to vulnerable populations. TgPDCD5, a secreted protein of T. gondii, induces apoptosis through heparan sulfate-mediated endocytosis. The entry mechanism of TgPDCD5 has remained elusive. Here, we present the solution structure of TgPDCD5 as a helical bundle with an extended N-terminal helix, exhibiting molten globule characteristics. NMR perturbation studies reveal heparin/heparan sulfate binding involving the heparan sulfate/heparin proteoglycans-binding motif and the core region, influenced by proline isomerization of P107 residue. The heterogeneous proline recruits a cyclophilin TgCyp18, accelerating interconversion between conformers and regulating heparan/heparin binding. These atomic-level insights elucidate the binary switch's functionality, expose novel heparan sulfate-binding surfaces, and illuminate the unconventional cellular entry of pathogenic TgPDCD5.

Association between GLIM-diagnosed malnutrition and quality of life in older patients with cancer.

BACKGROUND: Older patients with cancer have a higher risk for malnutrition and impaired quality of life (QoL). The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between malnutrition diagnosed according to the Global Leadership Initiative Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria and QoL across various tumor types, and to evaluate the combined prognostic value of malnutrition and QoL in predicting survival among older patients with cancer. METHODS: This multicenter, observational cohort study included 5310 older patients with cancer and 2184 with malnutrition (moderate stage, n = 1023; severe stage, n = 1161). An empirical cumulative distribution curve was performed to illustrate the correlation between malnutrition and QoL. The primary objective was to investigate the association between malnutrition and QoL using logistic regression analysis. Survival analyses were performed to assess the combined prognostic value of malnutrition and QoL. RESULTS: The median age of the patients (66.9% male, 33.1% female) was 70 years (interquartile range [IQR] 67-74 years) years. The median QoL score was highest in patients without malnutrition (91.88 [IQR 84.44-97.44]), followed by those with moderate (86.15 [IQR 76.18-93.85) and severe (82.31 [IQR 69.87-91.11]) malnutrition. Logistics regression revealed that the risk for developing impaired QoL increased 1.98 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.64-2.38; P < 0.001) and 2.33 (95% CI 1.93-2.81; P < 0.001) times in patients with moderate and severe malnutrition, respectively. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that QoL in combination with GLIM criteria demonstrated a significant discriminative performance for survival and served as an independent prognostic factor among older patients with cancer, especially for lung and gastric cancers. CONCLUSIONS: Malnutrition diagnosed according to the GLIM criteria was a predictor of impaired QoL. Additionally, the combination of QoL and malnutrition demonstrated utility for predicting survival outcomes in older patients with cancer.

[Discrimination of anti-tumor and cardioprotective effect quality markers from Aidi Injection based on "spider web" mode].

Chinese medicinal preparations play an equally important role in reducing toxicity and treating tumors. Few studies discriminate the quality markers(Q-markers) conferring different therapeutic effects of traditional Chinese medicine preparations. Therefore, we take Aidi Injection(AD) as an example to comprehensively identify the Q-markers of anti-tumor and cardioprotective effects based on the "spider web" mode. Firstly, based on the principle of measurability, the chemical components in the prescription were qualitatively analyzed, and then the components with high content and capable to be measured were quantitatively analyzed as measurable evaluation indexes. Based on the principle of stability, the effects of light and temperature on the content of each component of AD were investigated as indicators of stability. Based on the principle of compatibility, the compounds were classified according to the law of compatibility of sovereign, minister, assistant, and guide medicinal materials in the prescription. Based on the principle of efficacy, the anti-tumor and antiangiogenic activities of the Q-markers were evaluated, and their synergistic effects with doxorubicin(DOX) in inhibiting tumorigenesis and angiogenesis and lowering cardiotoxicity were evaluated as the evaluation indexes of effectiveness. The seven-dimensional spider web of "compatibility-content-stability-antitumor activity-synergistic anti-tumor activity with DOX-antiangiogenic activity-synergistic anti-angiogenic activity with DOX" and the four-dimensional spider web of "compatibility-content-stability-protective effects against DOX-induced myocardial toxicity" were established, on the basis of which the Q-markers of anti-tumor and cardioprotective effects of AD were comprehensively analyzed. The results showed that 12 components were selected as the Q-markers of AD, among which cantharidin, ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rb_1, astragaloside Ⅱ, cryptochlorogenic acid, and ginsenoside Rg_2 were the anti-tumor Q-markers of AD. Ginsenoside Rd, isofraxidin, syringin, eleutheroside E, calycosin-7-O-ß-D-glucoside, and azelaic acid were the cardioprotective Q-markers of AD. Taking into account both the anti-tumor and cardioprotective effects, these Q-markers could cover the four herbs constituting the prescription. The findings provides a scientific basis for the quality control of AD and an effective method for identifying comprehensive and reasonable Q-markers for the two effects of Chinese medicinal preparations.