[Languaje and hearing in Prader-Willi syndrome]. / Lenguaje y audición en el sindrome de Prader-Willi.

Prader-Willi syndrome was described for the first time in 1956. Due to its lack of biological markers its diagnosis is a clinical one, taking into consideration that it varies with age. It is characterised by neonatal hypotonia, obesity, mild mental retardation or learning incapacity, behavioural problems, mainly towards food. Most aspects studied have been centred in medical and genetic aspects, whereas those related to hearing and language have been somewhat limited. We carry out a revision of those aspects.

[Recruitment in presbycusis]. / Recruitment en la presbiacusia.

Presbycusis is characterised by a sensorineural hearing loss, mainly in high frequencies, symmetrical and progressive and poor understanding. Recuritment, typical in cochlear hearing loss, would be present in cases of sensorial presbycusis which runs mainly in cochlear pathologies. We analyse variables and their possible interrelations with recruitment in 241 presbycusic patients.

Recruitment en la presbiacusia / Recruitment in presbycusis

La presbiacusia se caracteriza por una hipoacusia neurosensorial, sobre todo de los agudos, simétrica y progresiva, y una mala inteligibilidad. El recruitment, típico de las hipoacusias cocleares estaría presente en los casos de presbiacusia sensorial que cursan primariamente con cocleopatía. Analizamos en 241 pacientes presbiacúsicos varias variables y las posibles interrelaciones con el recruitment

Presbycusis is characterised by a sensori neural hearing loss mainly in high frequencies, symmetrical and progressive and poor understanding. Recuritment, typical in cochlear hearing loss, would be present in cases of sensorial presbycusis which runs mainly in cochlear pathologies. We analyse variables and their possible interrelations with recruitment in 241 presbycusic patients

[Functional nasal tests for the evaluation of the mucociliary transport]. / Test funcional nasal para la determinación del transporte mucociliar.

A study was made of a noninvasive functional test of mucociliary clearance using micronized indigo blue colorant, which is insoluble in airway secretions. Transport time to the nasopharynx was measured optically with an endoscope. This method was more objective and less irritating than others tested by other authors. Measurements were made in each subject using different endoscopes. The results were highly suggestive of a difference in nasal mucociliary clearance time between healthy and unhealthy subjects. This may mean that chronic inflammation, atrophic rhitis, dyskinesia, and other diseases lead to malfunction of the nasal mucociliary system.

[Histotopographic study of the pharyngoesophageal junction in newborns]. / Estudio histotopográfico de la unión faringoesofágica en recién nacidos.

In the present work the importance of the cricopharyngeal muscle as the main constituent of the pharyngoesophageal sphincter is showed. Some aspects traditionally admitted by the classic anatomic descriptions and some hypothesis about the function of this part of the aerodigestive pathway are discussed.