Nutritive value of fermented soybean grains for ruminants.

Fermented soybean grain (FSBG) is considered improper to use as a protein source in animal nutrition, since it is assumed that defects cause changes on its chemical composition and favor mycotoxins production, but chemical composition data does not support this theory and in vivo studies are missing. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of FSBG in feedlot lamb diets. For that, two types of FSBG (partially fermented and completely fermented, PFSBG and CFSBG) and one standard soybean grain (SSBG) were obtained and evaluated alone or as a component of experimental diets by in vitro and in vivo studies, where FSBG totally replaced SSBG in feedlot lamb diets, which was included in the experimental diets in 17.4% on dry matter basis as protein source. Before the studies, both soybeans were sent to a specialized laboratory where no mycotoxins were detected. As a result, lower DM and carbohydrate contents but higher crude protein, fiber, and indigestible NDF contents were measured in CFSBG than in SSBG. Furthermore, both types of FSBG showed lower digestibility in vitro dry matter (IVDMD) than SSBG when evaluated separately; however, when evaluated in experimental diets, the substitution of SSBG for FSBG did not affect IVDMD. It was also observed that FSBG also had less rumen-degradable protein than SSBG (mean 47.9 vs 86.4%). In the in vivo study, FSBG did not affect nutrient intake, apparent digestibility, or animal performance (i.e., average daily gain and carcass gain). Thus, mycotoxins-free FSBG may be an alternative to totally replace SSBG in feedlot lamb diets.

Validation of the Portuguese Version of the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-12.

The Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-12 (KCCQ-12) is a simple, feasible, and sensitive questionnaire developed in English for assessing the health status (symptoms, function, and quality of life) of patients with heart failure (HF). We aimed to assess the internal consistency and construct validity of the Portuguese version of KCCQ-12. We administered the KCCQ-12, the Minnesota Living Heart Failure (MLHFQ), and the New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification by telephone. Internal consistency was assessed with Cronbach's Alpha (α-Cronbach) and construct validity with correlations to the MLHFQ and NYHA. Internal consistency was high (α-Cronbach = 0.92 for the Overall Summary score and 0.77-0.85 for the subdomains). Construct validity was supported by finding high correlations between the KCCQ-12 Physical Limitation and the Symptom Frequency domains with the physical domain of the MLHFQ (r = -0.70 and r = -0.76, p < 0.001 for both) and the Overall Summary scale with NYHA classifications (r = -0.72, p < 0.001). The Portuguese version of KCCQ-12 has high internal consistency and shows a convergent construct validity with other measures quantifying the health status of patients with chronic HF and can be used confidently in Brazil for research and clinical care.

Full-sib progenies show greater genetic diversity than half-sib progenies in sour passion fruit: an approach by ssr markers.

BACKGROUND: Genetic variability is the most important parameter in plant breeding based on selection. There is a need for morpho-agronomic and molecular characterization of Passiflora species, to exploit their genetic resources more efficiently. No study has yet been carried out to compare half-sib and full-sib families in relation to the magnitude of the genetic variability obtained in them, and then to elucidate the advantages or disadvantages of each one. METHODS AND RESULTS: In the present study, SSR markers were used to evaluate the genetic structure and diversity of half-sib and full-sib progenies of sour passion fruit. Two full-sib progenies (PSA and PSB), and a half-sib progeny (PHS), together with their parents, were genotyped with a set of eight pairs of SSR markers. Discriminant Analysis of Principal Components (DAPC) and Structure software were used to study the genetic structure of the progenies. The results indicate that the half-sib progeny has lower genetic variability, although it has higher allele richness. By the AMOVA most of the genetic variability was found within the progenies. Three groups were clearly observed in the DAPC analysis, while two hypothetical groups (k = 2) were observed in the Bayesian approach. The PSB progeny showed a high genetic mixture between the PSA and PHS progenies. CONCLUSION: Lower genetic variability is found in half-sib progenies. The results obtained here allow us to suppose that the selection within full-sib progenies will possibly provide better estimates of genetic variance in sour passion fruit breeding programs, since they provide greater genetic diversity.

The reading contracts in the advertising discourse of health communication campaigns: an analysis of the "I know. Do you know?" campaign / Os contratos de leitura no discurso publicitário de campanhas de comunicação em saúde: uma análise da campanha "Eu sei. Você sabe?"

Introduction: In view of the syphilis epidemic that Brazil is experiencing and the need to strengthen the discourse on preventing this sexually transmitted infection (STI), the campaign "Eu sei, você sabe?" (I know. Do you know?) was conducted for dissemination of the pieces on social media. Objective: The of aim of this study was to perform a qualitative descriptive analysis of the posts published on the social network Instagram of the National Campaign to Fight Syphilis 2020-21 aimed at young people. Methods: The analysis performed was based on the method suggested by Eliseo Véron and aimed to establish relationships between the "reading contracts" offered and the processes of focusing (strong direct relevance) and defocusing (interdiscursive relevance) acting in the messages with the results of the communication indicator "Reach/Exposure". Results: The analysis was conducted from October 2020 to April 2021. In all, 31 cards were published. Among them, eight publications presented in their content a discourse directed at young people including individuals in the 20-29 age bracket. In general, the pieces provided a common proposal of visual structuring and aimed to address the deficiencies identified in previous campaigns developed and presented in the perspective of the project itself, as well as the propositions established by control agencies for dealing with syphilis in Brazil. Conclusion: Some hypotheses raised on the basis of the analysis were as follows. There is the possibility that the distinction between grammars of production and recognition produce negotiations or resistance to the meaning of the interpellation contained in the theme "Sífilis. Eu sei. Você sabe?" Even if the characters presented in the cards did not include some specific audiences, such as young transgenders, the language offered can generate empathy in these audiences. The production strategies of cards with a more visual aesthetic and added to a predominantly graphic distribution of important information possibly contributed to a greater reach/impact on the social network audience.

Introdução: Diante da epidemia de sífilis vivida pelo Brasil e tendo em vista a necessidade de fortalecer o discurso de prevenção dessa infecção sexualmente transmissível, realizou-se a campanha "Eu sei. Você sabe?", voltada para divulgação das peças nas redes sociais digitais. Objetivo: Este trabalho objetiva realizar análise qualitativa descritiva das postagens publicadas na rede social Instagram da Campanha Nacional de Combate à Sífilis 2020-21, destinadas ao público jovem. Métodos: A análise realizada baseia-se na metodologia sugerida por Eliseo Véron e visa estabelecer relações entre os contratos de leitura ofertados e os processos de focalização (pertinência forte direta) e desfocalização (pertinência interdiscursiva) atuantes nas mensagens com os resultados do indicador de comunicação alcance/exposição. Resultados: A análise adotou o recorte temporal de outubro/2020 até abril/2021. Ao todo 31 cards foram publicados. Entre eles, oito publicações apresentaram em seu conteúdo um discurso direcionado ao público jovem, como também personagens na faixa etária entre 20 e 29 anos. De maneira geral, as peças trazem uma proposta comum de estruturação visual e visam contemplar as deficiências identificadas em campanhas anteriores desenvolvidas e apresentadas na perspectiva do próprio projeto, bem como das proposições estabelecidas por órgãos de controle para o enfrentamento da sífilis no Brasil. Conclusão: Algumas hipóteses levantadas com base na análise realizada: há a possibilidade de que a distinção entre gramáticas de produção e reconhecimento produza negociações ou resistências ao sentido da interpelação contida no tema "Sífilis. Eu sei. Você sabe?"; mesmo que as personas apresentadas nos cards não englobem alguns públicos específicos, como jovens transgêneros, a linguagem ofertada pode gerar empatia nesses públicos; as estratégias de produção de cards com estética mais visual e somados a uma distribuição das informações importantes predominantemente gráfica possivelmente contribuíram para maior alcance/impacto no público das redes sociais.

Hypoalgesic Effects of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Combined With Joint Manipulation: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare the hypoalgesic effects of isolated or combined use of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and cervical joint manipulation (JM) in asymptomatic participants. METHODS: One hundred and forty-four healthy participants aged 18 to 30 years old were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups (n = 36 per group): active TENS + active JM, active TENS + placebo JM, placebo TENS + active JM, and placebo TENS + placebo JM. Active or placebo TENS was applied to the dominant forearm. JM was applied to the C6-7 segments. The pressure pain threshold was measured pre- and postintervention and after 20 minutes on the forearm and tibialis anterior of the dominant side. RESULTS: Segmental hypoalgesia was greater in the group active TENS + active JM compared with active TENS + placebo JM (P = .002), placebo TENS + active JM (P < .0001), and placebo TENS + placebo JM (P < .0001). For the extrasegmental hypoalgesia, active TENS + active JM had greater hypoalgesic effect compared with active TENS + placebo JM (P = .033), placebo TENS + active JM (P = .002), and placebo TENS + placebo JM (P < .0001). CONCLUSION: TENS and JM produced hypoalgesia when used alone and, when the treatments were combined, a higher segmental and extrasegmental hypoalgesic effect was obtained in asymptomatic participants.

Uso e apropriação da avenida perimetral/Paulo Luís Da Assunção: Transformações na sociabilidade urbana / Use and appropriation of perimetral Avenue / Paulo Luís Da Assunção: Transformations in urban sociability

Esta pesquisa buscou analisar as formas de apropriação da Avenida Perimetral/Paulo Luís da Assunção, quais equipamentos de lazer as pessoas mais utilizam, quais os horários esses usuários frequentam o espaço e os fatores que afetam a permanência neles. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa de caráter exploratório, foi utilizada a triangulação para a realização da análise e interpretação dos dados. A partir dos resultados, constatou-se que as principais atividades desenvolvidas na Avenida são circulação, lazer, como conversar, brincar, jogar bola, tomar tereré, exercitar-se, entre outros. Conclui-se que a revitalização da Avenida trouxe benefícios para a população, como espaços para as práticas de esporte e lazer, embelezamento dos bairros, segurança e tranquilidade para a população, configurando espaços de sociabilidade, promovendo encontros, estabelecendo vínculos e relações de amizade.

This research sought to analyze the forms of appropriation of Perimetral Avenue/Paulo Luís da Assunção, which leisure facilities people use the most, what time these users attend the space and the factors that affect their permanence in them. It is a qualitative research of exploratory character, the triangulation was used for the accomplishment of the analysis and interpretation of the data. From the results, it was verified that the main activities developed in the Avenue are circulation, leisure, such as talking, playing, playing ball, taking tereré, exercising, among others. It is concluded that the revitalization of the Avenue brought benefits to the population, as spaces for sports and leisure practices, neighborhood beautification, security and tranquility for the population, configuring spaces of sociability, promoting meetings, establishing bonds and friendly relations.

Job satisfaction of the nursing team in intensive care units.

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate job satisfaction and its relationship with the personal and professional characteristics of the nursing team. METHOD: a descriptive and cross-sectional study with 163 nursing workers from the intensive care units of a teaching hospital. For data collection, the Brazilian version of the Job Satisfaction Survey and a personal and professional characterization form were used. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, comparisons and correlations. RESULTS: the professionals demonstrated ambivalence for job satisfaction in a global way and concerning the communication domain. They were satisfied with the supervision, co-workers, and nature of work, while dissatisfied with other domains. There was a correlation between the intention to stay in the job and the majority of the Job Satisfaction Survey domains, except for co-workers and operating procedures, and a correlation between time working at the unit and at the institution with the domains pay, contingent rewards, and supervision. CONCLUSION: there was an ambivalence regarding job satisfaction and the variables intention of stay in the job and time working at the unit and at the institution were correlated with job satisfaction concerning the domains pay, contingent rewards, and supervision.

Produção de mudas de maracujazeiro amarelo em substratos contendo resíduos vegetais / Production of yellow passion fruit seedlings on substrates containing plant residues

Um dos problemas enfrentados pelos produtores de maracujá é a dificuldade de obtenção de mudas de qualidade. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar diferentes substratos contendo resíduos vegetais na produção de mudas de maracujazeiro amarelo. O delineamento experimental foi em bloco casualizados (DBC) com 10 tratamentos, 3 repetições, 10 plantas por parcelas, totalizando 300 mudas. Os tratamentos foram formulados com resíduos vegetais em mistura com solo em diferentes proporções expressas em volume/volume (v/v) e consistiram de: T1 - resíduo de soja + solo (1:2); T2 -resíduo de soja + solo (1:3); T3 - resíduo de soja + solo (1:4); T4 - resíduo de algodão + solo (1:2); T5 - resíduo de algodão + solo (1:3); T6 -resíduo de algodão + solo (1:4); T7 -resíduo de cana-de-açúcar + solo (1:2); T8 - resíduo de cana-de-açúcar + solo(1:3); T9 - resíduo de cana-de-açúcar + solo (1:4); T10 - solo (testemunha). As mudas foram obtidas através de sementes de maracujazeiro amarelo (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg.) cultivar ‘FB200 Yellow Master’. As características avaliadas foram: altura, diâmetro do caule, número de folhas, massa fresca e seca do sistema radicular e da parte aérea. O substrato formulado com resíduo de cana-de-açúcar + solo (1:2) proporcionou maior crescimento das mudas de maracujazeiro, sendo recomendado para a produção de mudas de Maracujazeiro amarelo.

One of the problems faced by passion fruit producers is the difficulty of obtaining quality seedlings, the substrate being an important input to ensure the satisfactory growth of the seedlings. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate different substrates containing plant residues in the production of yellow passion fruit seedlings. The experimental design was in a randomized block with 10 treatments, 3 replicates, 10 plants per plot, totaling 300 seedlings. The treatments were formulated with vegetal residues in mixture with soil in different proportions expressed in volume/volume (v/v) and consisted of: T1- soybean residue + soil (1:2); T2 - soybean residue + soil (1:3); T3 - soybean residue + soil (1:4); T4 - cotton residue + soil (1:2); + T5 - cotton residue + soil (1:3); T6 - cotton residue + soil (1:4); T7 - sugarcane residue + soil (1:2); T8 - sugarcane residue + soil (1:3); T9 - sugarcane residue + soil (1:4); T10 - soil (control). The seedlings were obtained from yellow passion fruit seeds (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg.) cultivar 'FB200 Yellow Master'. The characteristics evaluated were: height, stem diameter, number of leaves, fresh and dry mass of root and shoot. The substrate formulated with sugarcane bagasse + soil (1:2) was provided the highest growth of seedlings, being recommended for the production of Yellow passion fruit seedlings.

Produção de mudas de maracujazeiro amarelo em substratos contendo resíduos vegetais / Production of yellow passion fruit seedlings on substrates containing plant residues

Um dos problemas enfrentados pelos produtores de maracujá é a dificuldade de obtenção de mudas de qualidade. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar diferentes substratos contendo resíduos vegetais na produção de mudas de maracujazeiro amarelo. O delineamento experimental foi em bloco casualizados (DBC) com 10 tratamentos, 3 repetições, 10 plantas por parcelas, totalizando 300 mudas. Os tratamentos foram formulados com resíduos vegetais em mistura com solo em diferentes proporções expressas em volume/volume (v/v) e consistiram de: T1 - resíduo de soja + solo (1:2); T2 -resíduo de soja + solo (1:3); T3 - resíduo de soja + solo (1:4); T4 - resíduo de algodão + solo (1:2); T5 - resíduo de algodão + solo (1:3); T6 -resíduo de algodão + solo (1:4); T7 -resíduo de cana-de-açúcar + solo (1:2); T8 - resíduo de cana-de-açúcar + solo(1:3); T9 - resíduo de cana-de-açúcar + solo (1:4); T10 - solo (testemunha). As mudas foram obtidas através de sementes de maracujazeiro amarelo (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg.) cultivar ‘FB200 Yellow Master. As características avaliadas foram: altura, diâmetro do caule, número de folhas, massa fresca e seca do sistema radicular e da parte aérea. O substrato formulado com resíduo de cana-de-açúcar + solo (1:2) proporcionou maior crescimento das mudas de maracujazeiro, sendo recomendado para a produção de mudas de Maracujazeiro amarelo.(AU)

One of the problems faced by passion fruit producers is the difficulty of obtaining quality seedlings, the substrate being an important input to ensure the satisfactory growth of the seedlings. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate different substrates containing plant residues in the production of yellow passion fruit seedlings. The experimental design was in a randomized block with 10 treatments, 3 replicates, 10 plants per plot, totaling 300 seedlings. The treatments were formulated with vegetal residues in mixture with soil in different proportions expressed in volume/volume (v/v) and consisted of: T1- soybean residue + soil (1:2); T2 - soybean residue + soil (1:3); T3 - soybean residue + soil (1:4); T4 - cotton residue + soil (1:2); + T5 - cotton residue + soil (1:3); T6 - cotton residue + soil (1:4); T7 - sugarcane residue + soil (1:2); T8 - sugarcane residue + soil (1:3); T9 - sugarcane residue + soil (1:4); T10 - soil (control). The seedlings were obtained from yellow passion fruit seeds (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg.) cultivar 'FB200 Yellow Master'. The characteristics evaluated were: height, stem diameter, number of leaves, fresh and dry mass of root and shoot. The substrate formulated with sugarcane bagasse + soil (1:2) was provided the highest growth of seedlings, being recommended for the production of Yellow passion fruit seedlings.(AU)

Job satisfaction of the nursing team in intensive care units / Satisfação no trabalho da equipe de enfermagem em unidades de terapia intensiva / Satisfacción en el trabajo del equipo de enfermería en unidades de terapia intensiva

Objective: to evaluate job satisfaction and its relationship with the personal and professional characteristics of the nursing team. Method: a descriptive and cross-sectional study with 163 nursing workers from the intensive care units of a teaching hospital. For data collection, the Brazilian version of the Job Satisfaction Survey and a personal and professional characterization form were used. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, comparisons and correlations. Results: the professionals demonstrated ambivalence for job satisfaction in a global way and concerning the communication domain. They were satisfied with the supervision, co-workers, and nature of work, while dissatisfied with other domains. There was a correlation between the intention to stay in the job and the majority of the Job Satisfaction Survey domains, except for co-workers and operating procedures, and a correlation between time working at the unit and at the institution with the domains pay, contingent rewards, and supervision. Conclusion: there was an ambivalence regarding job satisfaction and the variables intention of stay in the job and time working at the unit and at the institution were correlated with job satisfaction concerning the domains pay, contingent rewards, and supervision.

Objetivo: avaliar a satisfação no trabalho e sua relação com as características pessoais e profissionais da equipe de enfermagem. Método: estudo descritivo e transversal com 163 trabalhadores da enfermagem de unidades de terapia intensiva de um hospital de ensino. Para a coleta de dados, foi utilizada a versão brasileira do Job Satisfaction Survey e uma ficha de caracterização pessoal e profissional. Analisaram-se os dados por meio de estatística descritiva, comparações e correlações. Resultados: os profissionais demonstraram ambivalência para satisfação no trabalho de forma global e para o domínio comunicação. Estavam satisfeitos no que tange a supervisão, colaboradores e natureza do trabalho e insatisfeitos quanto aos demais domínios. Houve correlação entre intenção de permanecer no trabalho e a maioria dos domínios do Job Satisfaction Survey, com exceção de colaboradores e condições operacionais, e entre o tempo de trabalho na unidade, e na instituição, com os domínios remuneração, recompensas e supervisão. Conclusão: houve ambivalência em relação à satisfação no trabalho e quanto às variáveis intenção de permanecer no trabalho e tempo de trabalho na unidade e na instituição apresentaram correlação com satisfação profissional para os domínios remuneração, recompensa e supervisão.

Objetivo: avaliar la satisfacción en el trabajo y su relación con las características personales y profesionales del equipo de enfermería. Método: estudio descriptivo y transversal con 163 trabajadores de enfermería de unidades de terapia intensiva en un hospital escuela. Para la recolección de datos, se utilizó la versión brasileña del Job Satisfaction Survey y una ficha de caracterización personal y profesional. Se analizaron los datos por medio de estadística descriptiva, comparaciones y correlaciones. Resultados: los profesionales mostraron ambivalencia para la satisfacción en el trabajo de forma global y para el dominio de la comunicación. Estaban satisfechos por lo que se refiere a la supervisión, colaboradores y naturaleza del trabajo, e insatisfechos en cuanto a los demás dominios. Se observó correlación entre la intención de permanecer en el trabajo y la mayoría de los dominios del Job Satisfaction Survey, excepto de los dominios colaboradores y condiciones operativas, y la correlación entre el tiempo de trabajo en la unidad y en la institución con los ámbitos de la remuneración, las recompensas y la supervisión. Conclusión: Se verificó ambivalencia en relación a la satisfacción y las variables intención de permanecer en el trabajo, y tiempo de trabajo en la unidad y en la institución se correlacionaron con satisfacción en el trabajo para los dominios remuneración, recompensa y supervisión.

Initial Surgical Experience with Aortic Valve Repair: Clinical and Echocardiographic Results.

INTRODUCTION: Due to late complications associated with the use of conventional prosthetic heart valves, several centers have advocated aortic valve repair and/or valve sparing aortic root replacement for patients with aortic valve insufficiency, in order to enhance late survival and minimize adverse postoperative events. METHODS: From March/2012 thru March 2015, 37 patients consecutively underwent conservative operations of the aortic valve and/or aortic root. Mean age was 48±16 years and 81% were males. The aortic valve was bicuspid in 54% and tricuspid in the remaining. All were operated with the aid of intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography. Surgical techniques consisted of replacing the aortic root with a Dacron graft whenever it was dilated or aneurysmatic, using either the remodeling or the reimplantation technique, besides correcting leaflet prolapse when present. Patients were sequentially evaluated with clinical and echocardiographic studies and mean follow-up time was 16±5 months. RESULTS: Thirty-day mortality was 2.7%. In addition there were two late deaths, with late survival being 85% (CI 95% - 68%-95%) at two years. Two patients were reoperated due to primary structural valve failure. Freedom from reoperation or from primary structural valve failure was 90% (CI 95% - 66%-97%) and 91% (CI 95% - 69%-97%) at 2 years, respectively. During clinical follow-up up to 3 years, there were no cases of thromboembolism, hemorrhage or endocarditis. CONCLUSIONS: Although this represents an initial series, these data demonstrates that aortic valve repair and/or valve sparing aortic root surgery can be performed with satisfactory immediate and short-term results.

Artificial pollination and fruit quality in red pitaya / Polinização artificial e qualidade de fruto em pitaia vermelha

Native of the Americas, pitaya is currently a fruit bearing plant in expansion in the domestic and international market and is an alternative source of revenue for small and large farmers. As some studies show the lack of efficiency of natural pollinators in fructification in pitaya, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of manual self-pollination and of manual cross pollination in Hylocereus undatus in two periods of pollination. The experiment was carried out in the orchard of the Universidade Federal de Lavras (Federal University of Lavras) in a completely randomized design with a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement (two types of pollination and two flowering periods) with 15 replications, with one flower per replication. The flowers were bagged, emasculated and pollinated manually. The percentage of fruit set , longitudinal and transversal diameter of the fruit, mass of the fruit, pulp and peel, thickness of the peel, soluble solids contents, pH, titratable acidity, ratio (soluble solids:titratable acidity), number of seeds per fruit and seed germination were evaluated. It may be concluded that pollination in red pitaya with its own pollen allows fructification. Flowers pollinated in Apr. result in fruit with physical characteristics superior to the fruit generated by pollination in Jan.

Nativa das Américas, a pitaia é atualmente uma frutífera em expansão no mercado nacional e internacional, sendo uma alternativa de renda aos pequenos e grandes produtores. Como alguns estudos demonstram a ineficiência de polinizadores naturais na frutificação da pitaia, realizou-se este trabalho objetivando-se estudar a eficiência da autopolinização manual e da polinização manual cruzada em Hylocereus undatus, em duas épocas. O experimento foi instalado no pomar da Universidade Federal de Lavras, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 x 2 (dois tipo de polinização e duas épocas de florescimento), com 15 repetições, sendo um flor por repetição. As flores foram ensacadas, emasculadas e polinizadas manualmente. Foram avaliadas a percentagem de pegamento dos frutos, diâmetro longitudinal e transversal dos frutos, massa de fruto, polpa e casca, espessura de casca, teores de sólidos solúveis, pH, acidez titulável, ratio (sólidos solúveis:acidez titulável), número de sementes por fruto e germinação das sementes. Concluiu-se que a polinização em pitaia vermelha com o próprio pólen permite a frutificação. Flores polinizadas em abril resultam em frutos com características físicas superiores aos frutos gerados em janeiro.

Características físicas e físico-químicas de pitaia vermelha durante a maturação / Physical and physico-chemical traits of red pitaya during ripeness

Devido ao aumento do consumo de frutos exóticos mundialmente, o cultivo da pitaia tem sido favorecido. Para incrementar o potencial agronômico da cultura, são necessários conhecimentos que visem o aumento da qualidade do fruto. Dessa forma, objetivou-se nesta pesquisa estudar características físicas e físico-químicas de pitaia vermelha durante a sua maturação, visando definir o estádio ótimo de colheita do fruto. Foram avaliados os seguintes parâmetros de qualidade: massa fresca do fruto, diâmetro longitudinal e transversal, cor de casca, firmeza da polpa, teores de sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável, ratio e pH. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, representado pelos períodos de coleta (dias após a antese). Em cada período de avaliação foram coletados sete frutos, representando as repetições, sendo um fruto em cada repetição. As médias dos períodos de avaliação foram submetidas à avaliação polinomial, sendo os modelos selecionados conforme a significância do teste F e do coeficiente de determinação. O ponto ideal para a colheita de pitaia vermelha ocorre aos 41 dias após a antese. Neste estádio, os frutos apresentaram maior massa e intensidade de coloração vermelha na casca, menor firmeza da polpa, maior teor de sólidos solúveis e menor acidez.(AU)

Due to the increase of exotic fruit consumption worldwide, the cultivation of dragon fruit has been favored. To increase the agronomic potential of the culture, knowledge aiming the increase of fruit quality is necessary. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical-chemical and pyhisical characteristics of dragon fruit during maturation, in order to define the best harvest point. Fresh weight, longitudinal and transverse diameter, skin color, flesh firmness, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, ratio and flesh pH were evaluated. A completely randomized design was carried out, represented by harvest time (days after anthesis). In each evaluation time, seven fruits were harvested, representing the replications, being one fruit per parcel. The averages of each evaluation time were subjected to polynomial evaluation, being selected according to the significance of F test and the coefficient of determination. The best dragon fruit harvest time was observed 41 days after anthesis. At this stage, fruits presented higher weight and higher red skin color intensity, lower flesh firmness, higher contents of total soluble solids and lower acidity.(AU)

Immediate effects of upper thoracic manipulation on the skin surface temperature of the vertebral region in healthy women / Efeitos imediatos da manipulação torácica alta sobre a temperatura superficial cutânea da região vertebral em mulheres saudáveis / Los efectos inmediatos de la alta manipulación torácica de la temperatura superficial de la piel en la región vertebral en mujeres sanas

Manipulation of the spinal column is a manual therapeutic resource characterized by passive thrust of a given joint at a high velocity and low amplitude within the limits of anatomic integrity. The objective of the present study was to assess the immediate effects of upper thoracic manipulation on skin temperature in the vertebral region in healthy women. Thus, a randomized controlled blind trial was realized in the university community. Twenty-six healthy women were randomly allocated into an experimental group (n=13) and a placebo group (n=13). A single session of upper thoracic spine manipulation (segment T3) was performed. Infrared thermography was used to determine changes in skin temperature in the vertebral region. Images were taken prior to, immediately after and both five and 10 minutes after manipulation. Two-way repeated measures analysis of variance with post hoc Bonferroni test was used for inter and intragroup comparisons. The level of significance was set to 5%. No significant differences were found between the different evaluation times in either group (p>0.05). In the intergroup analysis, no statistically significant differences were found in any of the comparisons (p>0.05). Based on the method employed, thoracic spine manipulation of the T3 vertebral segment does not promote changes in skin surface temperature in the region manipulated in asymptomatic individuals.

A manipulação da coluna vertebral é um recurso da terapia manual caracterizado por um impulso passivo de alta velocidade e baixa amplitude dentro dos limites de integridade anatômica de uma articulação (thrust). O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar os efeitos imediatos da manipulação torácica alta sobre a temperatura superficial cutânea da região vertebral em mulheres saudáveis. Para tal, foi realizado um estudo clínico randomizado cego na comunidade universitária. Vinte e seis voluntárias saudáveis foram alocadas de forma randomizada em um grupo experimental (n=13) e um grupo placebo (n=13). Uma sessão de manipulação torácica alta (segmento T3) foi realizada. Foi empregada a termografia infravermelha para determinar alterações na temperatura cutânea na região vertebral. Imagens foram capturadas antes, imediatamente após, cinco e dez minutos após a manipulação. Foi usada análise de variância com medidas repetidas (dois critérios) seguida do teste de Bonferroni para as comparações inter e intragrupos. Adotou-se um nível de significância de 5%. Não foi encontrada diferença significativa nas diferentes avaliações ao longo do tempo (p>0,05). Na análise intergrupos, não foi constatada diferença significativa nas comparações realizadas (p>0,05). Com base na metodologia empregada, a manipulação torácica do segmento vertebral T3 não promoveu alterações na temperatura superficial cutânea na região manipulada.

La manipulación de la espina dorsal es un recurso de terapia manual que se caracteriza por un impulso pasivo de alta velocidad y baja amplitud de los límites de integridad anatómica de una articulación (thrust). Esta investigación tuvo por objetivo evaluar los efectos inmediatos de la alta manipulación torácica de la temperatura superficial de la piel en la región vertebral en mujeres sanas. Para eso, se ha realizado un estudio clínico aleatorizado ciego en la comunidad universitaria. Veintiséis voluntarias han sido puestas de forma aleatorizada en un grupo experimental (n=13) y un grupo placebo (n=13). Ha sido realizada una sesión de manipulación torácica alta (segmento T3). Se ha empleado el término infrarrojo para determinar alteraciones en la temperatura de la piel en la región vertebral. Se han capturado imágenes antes, inmediatamente después, cinco y diez minutos tras la manipulación. Se ha hecho un análisis de los cambios con medidas repetidas (dos criterios) seguido de la prueba de Bonferroni para las comparaciones inter e intragrupal. Se ha adoptado un nivel de significancia de 5%. No ha sido encontrado diferencias significativas en las diferentes evaluaciones al largo del tiempo (p>0,05). En el análisis intergrupal, no ha sido constatado diferencias significativas en las comparaciones realizadas (p>0,05). Basándose en la metodología empleada, la manipulación torácica del segmento vertebral T3 no cambió la temperatura superficial de la piel en la región estudiada.

Organic fertilizer and Lithothamnium on the cultivation of red pitaia / Adubação orgânica e Lithothamnium no cultivo da pitaia vermelha

The red pitaya is a fruit cactus native from the rainforests of Mexico, Central America and South America that has shown great potential in domestic and foreign markets, due to its hardiness and exotic appearance. The work was carried out to evaluate the influence of organic fertilizers and the application of Lithothamnium (calcified seaweed) on production and fruit quality of red pitaia [Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) Britton & Rose]. The experimental design was a randomized block with eight treatments: control (no fertilization), cattle manure (CaM), chicken manure (ChM), calcified seaweed (CS), cattle manure + chicken manure, cattle manure + calcified seaweed, chicken manure + calcified seaweed and cattle manure + chicken manure + calcified seaweed. The fertilizers were applied every three months since September 2008, with three blocks, and the experimental unit consisted of four plants. The analyzes done were: yield , number of fruits per plant, fruit mass, pulp yield, transverse diameter, longitudinal diameter, peel thickness, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), pH and SS/TA ratio. The highest productivities were obtained in treatments containing CaM + ChM + CS (7.16 t ha-1) and CaM + ChM (6.90 t ha-1) in 2011, and the first treatment also showed higher productivity in 2012 (9.40 t ha-1). Greater number of fruits per plant was obtained when fertilization was carried out with CaM + ChM + CS in the two years evaluated. There were no significant differences among the chemical characteristics of red pitaia fruits with different fertilizations.(AU)

A pitaia vermelha [Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) Britton & Rose] é uma cactácea frutífera nativa das florestas tropicais do México e das Américas Central e do Sul que tem demonstrado grande potencial nos mercados interno e externo, devido a sua rusticidade e aparência exótica. O trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar a influência da adubação orgânica e a aplicação de Lithothamnium (granulado bioclástico) na produção e qualidade de frutos de pitaia vermelha. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com oito tratamentos: controle (sem adubação), esterco bovino (EB), esterco de galinha (EG), granulado bioclástico (GB), esterco bovino + esterco de galinha, esterco bovino + granulado bioclástico, esterco de galinha + granulado bioclástico e esterco bovino + esterco de galinha + granulado bioclástico, aplicados a cada três meses desde setembro de 2008, com três blocos, e a parcela experimental composta por quatro plantas. As análises feitas foram: produtividade, número de frutos por planta, massa de fruto, rendimento de polpa, diâmetro transversal, diâmetro longitudinal, espessura de casca, teor de sólidos solúveis (SS), acidez titulável (AT), pH e relação SS/AT. As maiores produtividades foram obtidas nos tratamentos contendo EB + EG + GB (7,16 t ha-1) e EB + EG (6,90 t ha-1) em 2011, sendo que o primeiro tratamento também apresentou maior produtividade em 2012 (9,40t ha-1). Maior número de frutos por planta foi obtido quando se realizou a adubação com EB + EG + GB nos dois anos avaliados. Não houve, no entanto, diferença estatística entre as características químicas dos frutos de pitaia com diferentes adubações.(AU)

Women with more severe degrees of temporomandibular disorder exhibit an increase in temperature over the temporomandibular joint.

AIM: The purpose of the present study was to correlate the degree of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) severity and skin temperatures over the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and masseter and anterior temporalis muscles. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This blind cross-sectional study involved 60 women aged 18-40 years. The volunteers were allocated to groups based on Fonseca anamnestic index (FAI) score: no TMD, mild TMD, moderate TMD, and severe TMD (n = 15 each). All volunteers underwent infrared thermography for the determination of skin temperatures over the TMJ, masseter and anterior temporalis muscles. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to determine the normality of the data. The Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by Dunn's test, was used for comparisons among groups according to TMD severity. Spearman's correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the strength of associations among variables. RESULTS: Weak, positive, significant associations were found between FAI score and skin temperatures over the left TMJ (rs = 0.195, p = 0.009) and right TMJ (rs = 0.238, p = 0.001). Temperatures over the right and left TMJ were significantly higher in groups with more severe TMD (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: FAI score was associated with skin temperature over the TMJ, as determined by infrared thermography, in this sample. Women with more severe TMD demonstrated a bilateral increase in skin temperature.

Organic fertilizer and Lithothamnium on the cultivation of red pitaia / Adubação orgânica e Lithothamnium no cultivo da pitaia vermelha

The red pitaya is a fruit cactus native from the rainforests of Mexico, Central America and South America that has shown great potential in domestic and foreign markets, due to its hardiness and exotic appearance. The work was carried out to evaluate the influence of organic fertilizers and the application of Lithothamnium (calcified seaweed) on production and fruit quality of red pitaia [Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) Britton & Rose]. The experimental design was a randomized block with eight treatments: control (no fertilization), cattle manure (CaM), chicken manure (ChM), calcified seaweed (CS), cattle manure + chicken manure, cattle manure + calcified seaweed, chicken manure + calcified seaweed and cattle manure + chicken manure + calcified seaweed. The fertilizers were applied every three months since September 2008, with three blocks, and the experimental unit consisted of four plants. The analyzes done were: yield , number of fruits per plant, fruit mass, pulp yield, transverse diameter, longitudinal diameter, peel thickness, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), pH and SS/TA ratio. The highest productivities were obtained in treatments containing CaM + ChM + CS (7.16 t ha-1) and CaM + ChM (6.90 t ha-1) in 2011, and the first treatment also showed higher productivity in 2012 (9.40 t ha-1). Greater number of fruits per plant was obtained when fertilization was carried out with CaM + ChM + CS in the two years evaluated. There were no significant differences among the chemical characteristics of red pitaia fruits with different fertilizations.

A pitaia vermelha [Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) Britton & Rose] é uma cactácea frutífera nativa das florestas tropicais do México e das Américas Central e do Sul que tem demonstrado grande potencial nos mercados interno e externo, devido a sua rusticidade e aparência exótica. O trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar a influência da adubação orgânica e a aplicação de Lithothamnium (granulado bioclástico) na produção e qualidade de frutos de pitaia vermelha. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com oito tratamentos: controle (sem adubação), esterco bovino (EB), esterco de galinha (EG), granulado bioclástico (GB), esterco bovino + esterco de galinha, esterco bovino + granulado bioclástico, esterco de galinha + granulado bioclástico e esterco bovino + esterco de galinha + granulado bioclástico, aplicados a cada três meses desde setembro de 2008, com três blocos, e a parcela experimental composta por quatro plantas. As análises feitas foram: produtividade, número de frutos por planta, massa de fruto, rendimento de polpa, diâmetro transversal, diâmetro longitudinal, espessura de casca, teor de sólidos solúveis (SS), acidez titulável (AT), pH e relação SS/AT. As maiores produtividades foram obtidas nos tratamentos contendo EB + EG + GB (7,16 t ha-1) e EB + EG (6,90 t ha-1) em 2011, sendo que o primeiro tratamento também apresentou maior produtividade em 2012 (9,40t ha-1). Maior número de frutos por planta foi obtido quando se realizou a adubação com EB + EG + GB nos dois anos avaliados. Não houve, no entanto, diferença estatística entre as características químicas dos frutos de pitaia com diferentes adubações.

Características físicas e físico-químicas de pitaia vermelha durante a maturação / Physical and physico-chemical traits of red pitaya during ripeness

Devido ao aumento do consumo de frutos exóticos mundialmente, o cultivo da pitaia tem sido favorecido. Para incrementar o potencial agronômico da cultura, são necessários conhecimentos que visem o aumento da qualidade do fruto. Dessa forma, objetivou-se nesta pesquisa estudar características físicas e físico-químicas de pitaia vermelha durante a sua maturação, visando definir o estádio ótimo de colheita do fruto. Foram avaliados os seguintes parâmetros de qualidade: massa fresca do fruto, diâmetro longitudinal e transversal, cor de casca, firmeza da polpa, teores de sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável, ratio e pH. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, representado pelos períodos de coleta (dias após a antese). Em cada período de avaliação foram coletados sete frutos, representando as repetições, sendo um fruto em cada repetição. As médias dos períodos de avaliação foram submetidas à avaliação polinomial, sendo os modelos selecionados conforme a significância do teste F e do coeficiente de determinação. O ponto ideal para a colheita de pitaia vermelha ocorre aos 41 dias após a antese. Neste estádio, os frutos apresentaram maior massa e intensidade de coloração vermelha na casca, menor firmeza da polpa, maior teor de sólidos solúveis e menor acidez.

Due to the increase of exotic fruit consumption worldwide, the cultivation of dragon fruit has been favored. To increase the agronomic potential of the culture, knowledge aiming the increase of fruit quality is necessary. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical-chemical and pyhisical characteristics of dragon fruit during maturation, in order to define the best harvest point. Fresh weight, longitudinal and transverse diameter, skin color, flesh firmness, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, ratio and flesh pH were evaluated. A completely randomized design was carried out, represented by harvest time (days after anthesis). In each evaluation time, seven fruits were harvested, representing the replications, being one fruit per parcel. The averages of each evaluation time were subjected to polynomial evaluation, being selected according to the significance of F test and the coefficient of determination. The best dragon fruit harvest time was observed 41 days after anthesis. At this stage, fruits presented higher weight and higher red skin color intensity, lower flesh firmness, higher contents of total soluble solids and lower acidity.

Relationship between neck disability and mandibular range of motion.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: There is a close interaction between the mandibular and cervical systems due to the existing neurological and biomechanical communications. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between neck disability and mandibular range of motion (ROM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-two women aged between 18 and 40 years were recruited and allocated to four groups using two outcome measures: the Neck Disability Index (NDI) and the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD): Group I (n=13), healthy volunteers; Group II (n=13), volunteers with TMD and neck disability; Group III (n=13), volunteers with TMD and without neck disability; and Group IV (n=13), volunteers with neck disability and without TMD. Mandibular ROM was evaluated as part of the RDC/TMD clinical examination. Statistical analysis involved one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's test for comparisons between groups. Spearman's correlation coefficients were calculated to determined correlations among the variables. RESULTS: Significant differences were found in the mandibular ROM of functional opening in the comparisons between Groups I and III (p=0.009) and between Groups III and IV (p=0.024). No significant association was found between mandibular ROM and the NDI score (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Based on the methodology employed, there is no association between mandibular ROM and neck disability in university women. In this sense, clinical interventions focusing on the flexibility of the temporomandibular joint does not have repercussions on the neck disability and vice versa.

Accuracy of two forms of infrared image analysis of the masticatory muscles in the diagnosis of myogenous temporomandibular disorder.

The aim of the present study was to assess the accuracy of two forms of infrared image analysis (area and extension) of the masseter and anterior temporalis muscles in the diagnosis of myogenous temporomandibular disorder (TMD). A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 104 female volunteers from the university community. Following the application of the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders, the volunteers were divided into a TMD group (n = 52) and control group (n = 52), and evaluated using infrared thermography. The area and extension of the masseter and anterior temporalis muscles were measured on the images. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine diagnostic accuracy (area under the curve), best cutoff point, sensitivity and specificity. A significant difference in skin temperature between groups was only found in the measurement of the area of the left anterior temporalis muscle (p = 0.011). The area under the ROC curve was less than the reference values for all muscles evaluated in the analyses of area and extension. Thus, neither method of infrared thermography tested for the quantification of the masseter and anterior temporalis muscles (analysis of area and extension) is consistent with the RDC/TMD for the diagnosis of myogenous TMD in women.