RESUMEN
We report the direct generation of mode-locked pulses as short as 91 fs from the broad-bandwidth gain medium of LiCaAlF6 (Ce:LiCAF) by combining Kerr-lens mode locking with synchronous pumping. The latter of these schemes, and the broad bandwidth of Ce:LiCAF, resulted in dispersion tuning of wavelength via cavity length in the spectral region of 290 nm; this mechanism facilitated a practical means of estimating intra-cavity dispersion, which was compensated for using a Brewster's-cut prism pair. The pulse duration was measured via split-beam asynchronous cross-correlation using a Ti:sapphire reference laser and a known time reference. From the Ce:LiCAF laser cavity, output powers of 110 mW and a 9% slope efficiency were achieved.
RESUMEN
By combining integral field spectroscopy with extreme adaptive optics, we are now able to resolve objects close to the diffraction limit of large telescopes, exploring new science cases. We introduce an integral field unit designed to couple light with a minimal plate scale from the SCExAO facility at NIR wavelengths to a single-mode spectrograph. The integral field unit has a 3D-printed micro-lens array on top of a custom single-mode multi-core fiber, to optimize the coupling of light into the fiber cores. We demonstrate the potential of the instrument via initial results from the first on-sky runs at the 8.2 m Subaru Telescope with a spectrograph using off-the-shelf optics, allowing for rapid development with low cost.
RESUMEN
Typical high power broad-area semiconductor lasers exhibit a highly astigmatic beam profile. However, many applications require a homogenous and circular symmetric beam. Thus coupling into circular multimode optical fibers is often employed. The strip-like astigmatic output of the diode laser underfills the circular multimode fiber, thus a decrease in beam quality occurs after fiber coupling due to mode mixing inside the optical fiber. This Letter presents a 3D integrated optics approach to shape the output of a broad-area laser diode. Ultrafast laser inscription is utilized to create a pair of photonic lanterns connected back to back inside a glass chip that captures and shapes the output of a commercial 976 nm wavelength broad-area laser diode with 95 µm emitter width. Compared to coupling to a 105 µm diameter, 0.15 numerical aperture step-index multimode fiber, the photonic chip-based approach results in a 13× higher beam quality and 7× greater brightness.
RESUMEN
We report birefringent tuning using single and multiple magnesium fluoride (MgF(2)) Brewster tuning plates in a mode-locked pumped continuous-wave Ce:LiCAF laser. Depending on the thickness of the MgF(2) plates used, continuous tuning over a range of up to 13 nm from 284.5 to 297.5 nm with a full width at half-maximum linewidth of 14 pm (50 GHz) was achieved. By combining MgF(2) plates with etalons, the linewidth of the laser was narrowed down to 0.75 pm (2.7 GHz). This generated narrowband output is suitable for many applications in spectroscopy, cold-atom manipulation, and sensing.
RESUMEN
The theoretical analysis of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in crystalline amplifiers with a tightly-focused pump geometry is presented. We predict the minimum Stokes seed power required for an efficient Raman power amplifier and verify this result experimentally. Conversion of a pump to a Stokes beam in a single-pass diamond amplifier is demonstrated using nanosecond pulses with gains of 5.8 from a 1.2-kW peak-power Stokes seed beam. The results demonstrate the possibility of amplifying and combining high-power continuous-wave lasers using current diamond Raman laser technology.
RESUMEN
We analyze the dynamics of mode-locked pumped solid-state lasers focusing on the transition between mode-locked and CW behavior. Where the ratio of the pump and laser cavity lengths is a rational number, 'rational-harmonic mode-locking' is obtained. When the cavity length is detuned away from such resonances, modulated continuous output is generated. The transition from mode-locked to modulated CW operation is explored experimentally for a Ce:LiCAF laser operating at 290 nm and pumped by a 78.75 MHz mode-locked frequency quadrupled Nd:YVO(4) laser. Both CW output and mode-locked output with pulse repetition rates up to 1.1 GHz were achieved. A rate equation model is developed to predict optimum cavity lengths for achieving CW output with minimized modulation.
RESUMEN
We demonstrate chopped-cw lasing in a Ce:LiCAF oscillator directly generating deep-UV light around 290 nm. The cw output was achieved by asynchronous pumping of a Ce:LiCAF oscillator by a mode-locked frequency quadrupled Nd:YVO4 laser that generates 23 ps pulses of 266 nm light at a repetition rate of 80 MHz. The pump laser was chopped with 8.3% duty cycle to minimize thermal effects in the frequency quadrupling stage. The maximum output power achieved was 384 mW when pumped with 3.3 W of pulsed 266 nm light, with a slope efficiency of 33%. The laser output was tunable from 286 to 295 nm with the potential to be broadened over the full gain bandwidth of Ce:LiCAF from 280 to 315 nm.
RESUMEN
We present a highly efficient picosecond diamond Raman laser synchronously-pumped by a 4.8 W mode-locked laser at 1064 nm. A ring cavity was adopted for efficient operation. With a low-Q cavity for first-Stokes 1240 nm, we have achieved 2.75 W output power at 1240 nm with 59% overall conversion efficiency. The slope efficiency tended towards 76% far above the SRS threshold, approaching the SRS quantum limit for diamond. A high-Q first-Stokes cavity was employed for second-Stokes 1485 nm generation through the combined processes of four-wave mixing and single-pass stimulated Raman scattering. Up to 1.0 W of second-stokes at 1485 nm was obtained, corresponding to 21% overall conversion efficiency. The minimum output pulse duration was compressed relative to the 15 ps pump, producing pulses as short as 9 ps for 1240 nm and 6 ps for 1485 nm respectively.
RESUMEN
We report mode-locked operation of a synchronously pumped Ce:LiCAF oscillator. The laser operated in the deep UV with output radiation centered at 291 nm and a pulse duration of 6 ps. The maximum output power measured was 52 mW, with 13% slope efficiency. The Ce:LiCAF crystal has a gain bandwidth capable of supporting few-femtosecond pulses, and so our results demonstrate the potential to form a new class of ultrafast lasers operating directly at deep UV wavelengths.
RESUMEN
A novel method is presented for determining the volume of molten material ejected from a substrate as a result of visible pulsed-laser ablation. A 100-microm-wide pulsed-laser light sheet (tau approximately 5 ns, lambda = 532 nm) was used in conjunction with a CCD camera to provide high-speed cross-sectional images of single-pulse ablation of aluminum with a visible nanosecond laser source. Computational analysis of the two-dimensional gray-scale images was used to determine the total volume of material ejected from the substrate in the form of molten droplets. Ablation with dual-wavelength (511- and 578-nm) pulses of 30-ns duration was characterized under various fluence conditions (0-25 J cm(-2)), allowing a quantitative threshold for explosive melt ejection in aluminum to be established at approximately 10 J cm(-2). The temporal evolution of the ejected material showed that, for an incident fluence of approximately 40 J cm(-2), molten-droplet ejection commenced at approximately 400 ns and ceased after approximately 2 micros.
RESUMEN
A 10-kHz pulse repetition frequency dye laser, end pumped by a Nd:YLF laser, is reported. This laser was tunable from 590 to 655 nm, and up to 2.55 W of output power was obtained at the 609-nm peak tuning wavelength. By inserting an etalon into the dye laser cavity and frequency doubling using a beta-barium borate crystal, we obtained up to 125 mW of 308-nm single-etalon-mode output, which shows potential for the performance of airborne measurements of tropospheric hydroxyl radical concentrations.
