Clinical implications of isolated troponinemia following immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.

Cardiovascular adverse events induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have gained significant interest over the past decade due to their impact on short- and long-term outcomes. They were initially thought to be rare, but the increasing use of ICIs in the treatment of both advanced and early stages of various malignancies has resulted in a substantial increase in their incidence. Different guidelines have proposed screening measures for ICI-induced myocarditis by incorporating troponin measurements at baseline and during the first few weeks of treatment. However, no specific guidelines have been developed yet regarding the interpretation of an asymptomatic rise in troponins. This state-of-the art review aims to provide an overview of the clinical relevance of elevated troponins during checkpoint inhibition and recommendations on how to manage elevated troponin levels during ICI therapy.

[Primary inguinal hernia: Lichtenstein's ambulatory hernioplasty: early clinical results and economic implications. Study of the initial 130 surgical cases]. / Hernie inguinale primaire: hernioplastie ambulatoire selon Lichtenstein: premiers résultats cliniques et implications économiques. Etude des 130 premiers cas opérés.

The authors report their preliminary experience of 130 ambulatory treatment under local anesthesia of primary inguinal hernia. This method of treatment is very well accepted by the patients. There are few early recurrences. This method of treatment is very cost-effective.

Characterization of Xanthobacter strains H4-14 and 25a and enzyme profiles after growth under autotrophic and heterotrophic conditions.

All Xanthobacter strains studied are versatile autotrophic bacteria, able to grow on methanol and other substrates. Strain 25a, a yellow-pigmented, pleomorphic, Gram-negative bacterium, capable of autotrophic growth on methanol, formate, thiosulfate, and molecular hydrogen, was isolated from an enrichment culture inoculated with soil from a subtropical greenhouse. Subsequent studies showed that the organism also grows on a wide range of multicarbon substrates. Ammonia, nitrate and molecular nitrogen were used as nitrogen sources. The taxonomic relationship of strains H4-14 and 25a with previously described Xanthobacter strains was studied by numerical classification. Strain H4-14 was identified as a X. flavus strain, but the precise position of strain 25a remained uncertain. It probably belongs to a new species of the genus Xanthobacter. The levels of various enzymes involved in autotrophic and heterotrophic metabolism were determined following growth of strains H4-14 and 25a in batch and continuous cultures. The mechanisms involved in controlling ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase synthesis in Xanthobacter strains appear to be comparable to those observed for other autotrophic bacteria, namely repression by organic compounds and derepression by autotrophic energy sources, such as methanol and hydrogen.