RESUMEN
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is responsible for many of the cell behavior processes, including cell proliferation and growth, survival, change in cell shape, migration, and differentiation. The most important component of the ECM is heparan sulfate (HS), because it insures the storage of many cell communication proteins, necessary for the continuous and identical renewal of cells and thus for tissue regeneration. Regenerating agents (RGTA®) are bioengineered structural analogues of heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans that replace the degraded endogenous HS of the ECM. In the ophthalmological field, RGTA® represents an innovative approach for the improvement of the ocular surface wound healing and matrix remodeling and plays a role in controlling and regulating the wound healing process in various ocular diseases.
Asunto(s)
Materiales Biomiméticos/uso terapéutico , Tratamiento Basado en Trasplante de Células y Tejidos/métodos , Enfermedades de la Córnea/terapia , Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Heparitina Sulfato/uso terapéutico , Cicatrización de Heridas/fisiología , Materiales Biomiméticos/química , Enfermedades de la Córnea/metabolismo , Regeneración Tisular Dirigida/métodos , Heparitina Sulfato/química , Humanos , Medicina Regenerativa/métodos , Ingeniería de Tejidos/métodosRESUMEN
Diplopia (seeing double) is an ophthalmologic complaint found mainly in elder patients. It can have both ocular and neurological causes. A careful history and clinical examination must detail the type of diplopia (monocular/ binocular), onset, and progression, associated and relieving factors. In case of monocular diplopia, refraction and biomicroscopic examination of the ocular media are mandatory. The cause of ocular misalignment for binocular diplopia must be determined and life-threatening conditions (such as posterior communicating artery aneurysm) must imply an immediate treatment. Management and treatment is always according to the specific cause of diplopia.
Asunto(s)
Diplopía/terapia , Humanos , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Oftalmológicos , Oftalmología , Pruebas de Visión , Visión BinocularRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: The objective of our study was to review the current knowledge on the diagnosis and treatment options of plateau iris configuration and syndrome. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW METHODOLOGY: Relevant publications on plateau iris that were published until 2014. CONCLUSIONS: Plateau iris syndrome is a form of primary angle closure glaucoma caused by a large or anteriorly positioned ciliary body that leads to mechanical obstruction of trabecular meshwork. This condition is most often found in younger patients. Plateau iris has been considered an abnormal anatomic variant of the iris that can be diagnosed on ultrasound biomicroscopy or optical coherence tomography of anterior segment. Patients with plateau iris syndrome can be recognized by the lack of response in angle opening after iridotomy. The treatment of choice in these cases is argon laser peripheral iridoplasty.
Asunto(s)
Glaucoma de Ángulo Cerrado/diagnóstico , Glaucoma de Ángulo Cerrado/cirugía , Iridectomía , Iris/diagnóstico por imagen , Iris/cirugía , Argón , Cuerpo Ciliar/diagnóstico por imagen , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Iridectomía/métodos , Iris/anomalías , Terapia por Láser , Microscopía Acústica , Síndrome , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica , Malla Trabecular/diagnóstico por imagen , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: The objective of our study was to review the current knowledge on Cogan's syndrome, including etiology, diagnosis and treatment. Systematic review methodology: Relevant publications on Cogan's syndrome from 1945 to 2014 were studied. CONCLUSIONS: Cogan's syndrome is a rare autoimmune vasculitis, with unknown pathogenesis. Infection was thought to have played a role in the pathogenesis of the disease, but now the autoimmunity hypothesis is considered more likely to be true. Cogan's syndrome is characterized by ocular and audiovestibular symptoms similar to those of Meniere's syndrome. Approximately 70% of the patients have systemic disease, of which vasculitis is considered the pathological mechanism. Corticosteroids are the first line of treatment; multiple immunosuppressive drugs were also used with varying degrees of success. The novelty in the treatment of the disease is tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-blockers, but more studies are necessary to establish their efficacy.
Asunto(s)
Síndrome de Cogan/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Cogan/inmunología , Síndrome de Cogan/tratamiento farmacológico , Síndrome de Cogan/epidemiología , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Quimioterapia Combinada , Glucocorticoides/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Inmunosupresores/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades del Laberinto/inmunología , Enfermedades Raras , Rumanía/epidemiología , Resultado del Tratamiento , Vasculitis/inmunologíaRESUMEN
The purpose of this study is to review current surgical treatment and new and better alternatives for patients with glaucoma. Glaucoma refers to a group of related eye disorders that have in common an optic neuropathy associated with visual function loss. It is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness worldwide. Optic nerve damage and glaucoma-related vision loss can be prevented or limited by early diagnosis and treatment. Surgery offers a better control of the intraocular pressure then medical therapy. Nowadays, research continues for improving current surgical alternatives for treatment.