Impact of COVID-19 infection in pregnancy and neonates: A case control study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate maternal and neonatal outcomes of pregnant women who were infected by COVID-19 during pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN: A Case control retrospective study was conducted in an Obstetrical Department of a west Parisian area during the first year of COVID-19 pandemic. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were compared between a group of women infected by the SARS-CoV-2 virus during pregnancy (March 2020- February 2021) and a control group of women delivering before pandemic. They were matched according to age and parity. Subgroups of SARS-CoV-2 infection occurring before vs after 37 weeks of gestations and symptomatic vs asymptomatic patients were analyzed. The rate of preterm birth, preeclampsia, placental abruption and stillbirth were compared between the year of pandemic and the year before for all deliveries. RESULTS: Maternal and neonatal outcomes were similar. Among the 86 pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection, five were admitted to Hospital (5.8%). One was transferred in intensive care unit for respiratory distress (1.2%). All patients had favorable outcomes. Patients with symptoms had more associated comorbidities (34.5%, n = 20/58, with symptoms, vs 9,1%, n = 2/22, without symptoms, p = 0.023). No differences in preeclampsia, placenta abruption and stillbirth, but less preterm births (4.9%, n = 160/3383 vs 6.2%, n = 209/3235, p = 0.04) were observed between the year of pandemic and the year before. CONCLUSION: There were few complications associated with COVID-19 infection among pregnant patients and their neonates. A low rate of associated comorbidities, a good access to healthcare services in this area and the small sample size of patients could explain these results.

Incidental Effect of Long-Term Tacrolimus Treatment on Sporadic Vestibular Schwannoma Volume Shrinkage and Clinical Improvement.

OBJECTIVE: We describe the effect of long-term tacrolimus delivery on sporadic vestibular schwannoma (VS). PATIENT: A 48-year-old woman who was diagnosed a right VS. INTERVENTION: Long-term tacrolimus delivery following liver transplant. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Clinical examination, audiometric test, and gadolinium-contrasted magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS: During the reported follow-up period, the patient felt hearing improvement especially in noisy environment. This was consistent with a clear audiometric improvement. Over a 26 months follow-up period, we noticed a 50% volume regression and a 40% decrease in the intensity of enhancement of the tumor after gadolinium injection. CONCLUSION: Tacrolimus, an immunosuppressant used to prevent rejection in organ transplant, could lead to VS volume shrinkage and hearing improvement. Tacrolimus could be an interesting new therapeutic weapon, especially for VS in Neurofibromatosis type 2.

Fusobacterium necrophorum, a major provider of sinus thrombosis in acute mastoiditis: A retrospective multicentre paediatric study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate in children the clinical severity and evolution of otogenic lateral sinus thrombosis (OLST) due to Fusobacterium necrophorum compared with other bacterial otogenic thrombosis and propose a specific management flowchart for Fusobacterium OLST. DESIGN: A retrospective multicentre cohort study. SETTINGS: Four French ENT paediatric departments. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 260 under 18 years old admitted for acute mastoiditis were included. Initial imaging was reviewed to focus on complicated mastoiditis and 52 OLST were identified. Children were then divided into two groups according to bacteriological results: 28 in the "OLST Fusobacterium group" and 24 in the "OLST other bacteria group". RESULTS: There was a significant association between F necrophorum and OLST (P < .001). When compared to the OLST other bacteria group, children in the OLST Fusobacterium group were significantly younger (61 months vs 23 months, P < .01) and had a more severe clinical presentation: higher CRP (113 mg/L vs 175.7 mg/L, P = .02) and larger subperiosteal abscess (14 mm vs 21 mm, P < .01). Medical management was also more intensive in the OLST Fusobacterium group than in the OLST other bacteria group: increased number of conservative surgeries (66.7% vs 92.9%, P = .03) and longer hospital stay (13.7 days vs 19.8 days, P = .02). At the end of follow-up, the clinical course was good in both groups without any neurological sequelae. CONCLUSIONS: Thrombotic complications are very frequent in case of Fusobacterium mastoiditis and clinicians should be aware of the initial severity of the clinical presentation. Under appropriate management, the clinical course of Fusobacterium OLST is as good as that of other bacterial otogenic thrombosis.