RESUMEN
We recently described several highly potent, triazine (1) and triazolopyrimidine (2) scaffold-based, dual PI3K/mTOR-inhibitors (e.g., 1, PKI-587) that were efficacious in both in vitro and in vivo models. In order to further optimize these compounds we devised a novel series, the 2-oxatriazines, which also exhibited excellent potency and good metabolic stability. Some 2-oxatriazines showed promising in vivo biomarker suppression and induced apoptosis in the MDA-MB-361 breast cancer xenograft model.
Asunto(s)
Inhibidores de las Quinasa Fosfoinosítidos-3 , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/farmacología , Serina-Treonina Quinasas TOR/antagonistas & inhibidores , Triazinas/farmacología , Animales , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Ensayos de Selección de Medicamentos Antitumorales , Humanos , Ratones , Ratones Desnudos , Modelos Moleculares , Estructura Molecular , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/química , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/metabolismo , Ratas , Estereoisomerismo , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Triazinas/química , Triazinas/metabolismoRESUMEN
PKI-402 is a selective, reversible, ATP-competitive, equipotent inhibitor of class I phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3K), including PI3K-alpha mutants, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR; IC(50) versus PI3K-alpha = 2 nmol/L). PKI-402 inhibited growth of human tumor cell lines derived from breast, brain (glioma), pancreas, and non-small cell lung cancer tissue and suppressed phosphorylation of PI3K and mTOR effector proteins (e.g., Akt at T308) at concentrations that matched those that inhibited cell growth. In MDA-MB-361 [breast: Her2(+) and PIK3CA mutant (E545K)], 30 nmol/L PKI-402 induced cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), a marker for apoptosis. In vivo, PKI-402 inhibited tumor growth in MDA-MB-361, glioma (U87MG), and lung (A549) xenograft models. In MDA-MB-361, PKI-402 at 100 mg/kg (daily for 5 days, one round) reduced initial tumor volume of 260 mm(3) to 129 mm(3) and prevented tumor regrowth for 70 days. In MDA-MB-361 tumors, PKI-402 (100 mg/kg, single dose) suppressed Akt phosphorylation (at T308) and induced cleaved PARP. Suppression of phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) was complete at 8 hours and still evident at 24 hours. Cleaved PARP was evident at 8 and 24 hours. In normal tissue (heart and lung), PKI-402 (100 mg/kg) had minimal effect on p-Akt, with no detectable cleaved PARP. Preferential accumulation of PKI-402 in tumor tissue was observed. Complete, sustained suppression of Akt phosphorylation may cause tumor regression in MDA-MB-361 and other xenograft models. We are testing whether dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitors can durably suppress p-Akt, induce cleaved PARP, and cause tumor regression in a diverse set of human tumor xenograft models. Mol Cancer Ther; 9(4); 976-84. (c)2010 AACR.
Asunto(s)
Péptidos y Proteínas de Señalización Intracelular/antagonistas & inhibidores , Compuestos de Fenilurea/farmacología , Inhibidores de las Quinasa Fosfoinosítidos-3 , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/farmacología , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinasas/antagonistas & inhibidores , Pirimidinas/farmacología , Ensayos Antitumor por Modelo de Xenoinjerto , Animales , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Caspasas/metabolismo , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Activación Enzimática/efectos de los fármacos , Pruebas de Enzimas , Factores de Transcripción Forkhead/metabolismo , Proteínas Fluorescentes Verdes/metabolismo , Humanos , Concentración 50 Inhibidora , Ratones , Compuestos de Fenilurea/sangre , Compuestos de Fenilurea/química , Poli(ADP-Ribosa) Polimerasas/metabolismo , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/sangre , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/química , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/metabolismo , Pirimidinas/sangre , Pirimidinas/química , Serina-Treonina Quinasas TORRESUMEN
The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is a key pathway in cell proliferation, growth, survival, protein synthesis, and glucose metabolism. It has been recognized recently that inhibiting this pathway might provide a viable therapy for cancer. A series of bis(morpholino-1,3,5-triazine) derivatives were prepared and optimized to provide the highly efficacious PI3K/mTOR inhibitor 1-(4-{[4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]carbonyl}phenyl)-3-[4-(4,6-dimorpholin-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)phenyl]urea 26 (PKI-587). Compound 26 has shown excellent activity in vitro and in vivo, with antitumor efficacy in both subcutaneous and orthotopic xenograft tumor models when administered intravenously. The structure-activity relationships and the in vitro and in vivo activity of analogues in this series are described.
Asunto(s)
Péptidos y Proteínas de Señalización Intracelular/antagonistas & inhibidores , Inhibidores de las Quinasa Fosfoinosítidos-3 , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/farmacología , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinasas/antagonistas & inhibidores , Triazinas/farmacología , Adenosina Trifosfato/química , Adenosina Trifosfato/farmacología , Animales , Área Bajo la Curva , Unión Competitiva , Línea Celular Tumoral , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Femenino , Humanos , Concentración 50 Inhibidora , Péptidos y Proteínas de Señalización Intracelular/metabolismo , Ratones , Ratones Desnudos , Modelos Químicos , Modelos Moleculares , Estructura Molecular , Morfolinas/química , Morfolinas/farmacocinética , Morfolinas/farmacología , Mutación , Neoplasias/metabolismo , Neoplasias/patología , Neoplasias/prevención & control , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas/genética , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas/metabolismo , Unión Proteica , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/química , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/farmacocinética , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinasas/metabolismo , Estructura Terciaria de Proteína , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Análisis de Supervivencia , Serina-Treonina Quinasas TOR , Triazinas/química , Triazinas/farmacocinética , Ensayos Antitumor por Modelo de XenoinjertoRESUMEN
The synthesis and stereochemical determination of 1-(4-(4-((1R,5R,6R)-6-hydroxy-3-oxa-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-8-yl)-6-morpholino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)phenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)urea (2), an active metabolite of the potent PI3 kinase inhibitor PKI-179 (1), is described. Stereospecific hydroboration of the double bond of 2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrole 8 gave the 2,3-trans alcohol 9 exclusively. The configuration of the 3-hydroxyl group in 9 was inverted by an oxidation and stereoselective reduction sequence to give the corresponding 2,3-cis isomer 23. Both exo (21) and endo (27) isomers of the metabolite 2 were prepared via a practical synthetic route from 9 and 23, respectively, and the stereochemistry of 2 was determined to be endo. The endo isomer (27) was separated into two enantiomers 28 and 29 by chiral HPLC. Compound 2 was found to be enantiomerically pure and identical to the enantiomer 28. The absolute stereochemistry of the enantiomer 28 was determined by Mosher's method, thus establishing the stereochemistry of the active metabolite 2.
Asunto(s)
Hidrocarburos Aromáticos con Puentes/síntesis química , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/química , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/síntesis química , Morfolinas/síntesis química , Inhibidores de las Quinasa Fosfoinosítidos-3 , Urea/análogos & derivados , Sitios de Unión , Hidrocarburos Aromáticos con Puentes/química , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/farmacología , Estructura Molecular , Morfolinas/química , Morfolinas/farmacología , Oxidación-Reducción , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas/química , Estereoisomerismo , Urea/síntesis química , Urea/química , Urea/farmacologíaRESUMEN
We are introducing a novel series of 2,4-diaminoquinazolines as beta-catenin/Tcf4 inhibitors which were identified by ligand-based design. Here we elucidate the SAR of this series and explain how we were able to improve key molecular properties such as solubility and cLogP leading to compound 9. Analogue 9 exhibited better biological activity and improved physical and pharmacological properties relative to the HTS hit 49. Furthermore, 9 demonstrated good cell growth inhibition against several human colorectal cancer lines such as LoVo and HT29. In addition, treatment with compound 9 led to gene expression changes that overlapped significantly with the transcriptional profile resulting from the pathway inhibition by siRNA knockdown of beta-catenin or Tcf4. Subsequently, 9 was tested for efficacy in a beta-catenin/RKE-mouse xenograft, where it led to more then 50% decrease in tumor volume.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Colorrectales/tratamiento farmacológico , Quinazolinas/síntesis química , Factores de Transcripción TCF/efectos de los fármacos , beta Catenina/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Factores de Transcripción Básicos con Cremalleras de Leucinas y Motivos Hélice-Asa-Hélice/efectos de los fármacos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Diseño de Fármacos , Humanos , Ratones , Quinazolinas/farmacología , Quinazolinas/uso terapéutico , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Factor de Transcripción 4 , Factores de Transcripción/efectos de los fármacos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Ensayos Antitumor por Modelo de XenoinjertoRESUMEN
Herein we describe the identification and lead optimization of triazolopyrimidines as a novel class of potent dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitors, resulting in the discovery of 3 (PKI-402). Compound 3 exhibits good physical properties and PK parameters, low nanomolar potency against PI3Kalpha and mTOR, and excellent inhibition of cell proliferation in several human cancer cell lines. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo biomarker studies demonstrated the ability of 3 to shut down the PI3K/Akt pathway and induce apoptosis in cancer cells. In addition, 3 showed excellent in vivo efficacy in various human cancer xenografts, validating suppression of PI3K/mTOR signaling as a potential anticancer therapy.
Asunto(s)
Péptidos y Proteínas de Señalización Intracelular/antagonistas & inhibidores , Inhibidores de las Quinasa Fosfoinosítidos-3 , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinasas/antagonistas & inhibidores , Pirimidinas/síntesis química , Triazoles/síntesis química , Animales , Antineoplásicos/síntesis química , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasa Clase Ib , Humanos , Isoenzimas/antagonistas & inhibidores , Pirimidinas/farmacología , Ratas , Serina-Treonina Quinasas TOR , Triazoles/farmacología , Ensayos Antitumor por Modelo de XenoinjertoRESUMEN
The synthesis and SAR of a series of 2,4-diamino-quinazoline derivatives as beta-catenin/Tcf-4 inhibitors are described. This series was developed by modifying the initial lead 1, which was identified by screening of our compound library and found to inhibit the beta-catenin/Tcf-4 pathway. Replacement of the biphenyl moiety in compound 1 with the N-phenylpiperidine-4-carboxamide chain as in 2, resulted in a number of new analogues, which are potent inhibitors of the beta-catenin/Tcf-4 pathway. Compound such as 16k exhibited good cellular potency, solubility, metabolic stability and oral bioavailability.
Asunto(s)
Anilidas/química , Antineoplásicos/química , Neoplasias Colorrectales/tratamiento farmacológico , Quinazolinas/química , Factores de Transcripción TCF/antagonistas & inhibidores , beta Catenina/antagonistas & inhibidores , Anilidas/síntesis química , Anilidas/farmacocinética , Animales , Antineoplásicos/síntesis química , Antineoplásicos/farmacocinética , Línea Celular Tumoral , Femenino , Humanos , Ratones , Ratones Desnudos , Quinazolinas/síntesis química , Quinazolinas/farmacocinética , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Factores de Transcripción TCF/metabolismo , Proteínas Wnt/antagonistas & inhibidores , Proteínas Wnt/metabolismo , Ensayos Antitumor por Modelo de Xenoinjerto , beta Catenina/metabolismoRESUMEN
A series of benzodiazepine MMP/TACE inhibitors bearing polar moieties has been synthesized in an effort to optimize inhibitory activity against LPS-stimulated TNF production in human monocytes and oral activity in a murine LPS model.
Asunto(s)
Benzodiazepinas/farmacología , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/farmacología , Inhibidores de la Metaloproteinasa de la Matriz , Metaloendopeptidasas/antagonistas & inhibidores , Proteínas ADAM , Proteína ADAM17 , Animales , Línea Celular , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/farmacocinética , Humanos , Lipopolisacáridos/farmacología , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Monocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Monocitos/metabolismo , Boca/efectos de los fármacos , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/antagonistas & inhibidores , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/biosíntesisRESUMEN
A series of benzodiazepine inhibitors of the MMPs and TACE has been developed. These compounds display an interesting selectivity profile and should be useful tools for exploring the biological relevance of such selectivity.