The persistent efficacy of doramectin pour-on against biting and sucking louse infestations of cattle.

A repeated-exposure challenge model was used to evaluate the pour-on formulation of doramectin in preventing the establishment of louse infestations in cattle. Twenty calves cleared of preexisting biting and sucking louse infestations were randomly and equally allocated to either a doramectin-treated or untreated control group, with five replicates per group. Doramectin pour-on was administered topically at a dose rate of 500 microg/kg body weight. Every 14 days, from a pool of seeder calves with infestations of at least 50 biting and 50 sucking lice each, 10 calves were selected and 1 was placed in each replicate pen. Every week during the 112-day study, 9 predilection sites on the doramectin-treated and untreated calves were examined to estimate the louse population density. A calf met the infestation criterion for a louse species when two or more live lice were counted on two or more body regions for two consecutive count days. Because only 4 of 10 untreated calves acquired Solenopotes capillatus infestations, the persistent efficacy of doramectin against S. capillatus was not evaluated. Bovicola bovis and Linognathus vituli infestations in the untreated calves developed shortly after exposure to infested seeder calves. The acquisition of B. bovis and L. vituli infestations in the doramectin-treated group was delayed for 77 days and 105 days, respectively.

Persistent activity of doramectin and ivermectin in the prevention of cutaneous myiasis in cattle experimentally infested with Cochliomyia hominivorax.

A study was conducted to evaluate the activity of a single administration of doramectin or ivermectin against severe, induced infestations of Cochliomyia hominivorax. Twenty-four Holstein bull calves were allocated to four groups of six animals each and treated either with saline, doramectin 1%, or either one of two formulations of ivermectin 1% at a dose rate of 200 microg/kg. On Day 12 after treatment, each calf was anesthetized and two wounds were created on the left side of the shoulder and rump of each calf and 2 h later, each wound was implanted with 100 newly hatched larvae of C. hominivorax. On Day 15 after treatment, the procedure was repeated on the right side of each calf. Wounds were examined daily for 5 days and evidence of live larvae was recorded. Doramectin provided reduction in myiasis of 90.9 and 83.3% at 12 and 15 days after treatment, respectively, compared to the saline control treatment (P < 0.0001). In contrast, there were no significant differences in the number of calves with myiasis between those treated with either of the ivermectin formulations and the saline control.