CariesCare International adapted for the pandemic in children: Caries OUT multicentre single-group interventional study protocol.

BACKGROUND: Comprehensive caries care has shown effectiveness in controlling caries progression and improving health outcomes by controlling caries risk, preventing initial-caries lesions progression, and patient satisfaction. To date, the caries-progression control effectiveness of the patient-centred risk-based CariesCare International (CCI) system, derived from ICCMS™ for the practice (2019), remains unproven. With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic a previously planned multi-centre RCT shifted to this "Caries OUT" study, aiming to assess in a single-intervention group in children, the caries-control effectiveness of CCI adapted for the pandemic with non-aerosols generating procedures (non-AGP) and reducing in-office time. METHODS: In this 1-year multi-centre single-group interventional trial the adapted-CCI effectiveness will be assessed in one single group in terms of tooth-surface level caries progression control, and secondarily, individual-level caries progression control, children's oral-health behaviour change, parents' and dentists' process acceptability, and costs exploration. A sample size of 258 3-5 and 6-8 years old patients was calculated after removing half from the previous RCT, allowing for a 25% dropout, including generally health children (27 per centre). The single-group intervention will be the adapted-CCI 4D-cycle caries care, with non-AGP and reduced in-office appointments' time. A trained examiner per centre will conduct examinations at baseline, at 5-5.5 months (3 months after basic management), 8.5 and 12 months, assessing the child's CCI caries risk and oral-health behaviour, visually staging and assessing caries-lesions severity and activity without air-drying (ICDAS-merged Epi); fillings/sealants; missing/dental-sepsis teeth, and tooth symptoms, synthetizing together with parent and external-trained dental practitioner (DP) the patient- and tooth-surface level diagnoses and personalised care plan. DP will deliver the adapted-CCI caries care. Parents' and dentists' process acceptability will be assessed via Treatment-Evaluation-Inventory questionnaires, and costs in terms of number of appointments and activities. Twenty-one centres in 13 countries will participate. DISCUSSION: The results of Caries OUT adapted for the pandemic will provide clinical data that could help support shifting the caries care in children towards individualised oral-health behaviour improvement and tooth-preserving care, improving health outcomes, and explore if the caries progression can be controlled during the pandemic by conducting non-AGP and reducing in-office time. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Retrospectively-registered-ClinicalTrials.gov-NCT04666597-07/12/2020: https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/app/action/SelectProtocol?sid=S000AGM4&selectaction=Edit&uid=U00019IE&ts=2&cx=uwje3h . Protocol-version 2: 27/01/2021.

Asociación entre el tratamiento de la periodontitis y la severidad de la artritis reumatoide / Association between the treatment of periodontitis and severity of rheumatoid arthritis

Fundamento: la periodontitis y la artritis reumatoide comparten varias características que incluyen una reacción inmune persistente en los tejidos conectivo y óseo. Objetivo: establecer la asociación entre la terapia periodontal0 y la severidad de la artritis reumatoide mediante parámetros clínicos y de laboratorio. Método: se realizó una revisión sistemática que incluyó ensayos clínicos aleatorizados que estudiaron la asociación entre la terapia periodontal y la severidad de la artritis reumatoide. La búsqueda se realizó entre enero de 1990 a diciembre de 2010. Las bases de datos empleadas para la búsqueda fueron MEDLINE, LILACS, EMBASE y la Biblioteca Cochrane. Los criterios de selección se basaron en estudios experimentales que informaron tratamiento de la periodontitis crónica en pacientes con artritis reumatoide. A nivel reumatológico se tuvieron en cuenta aquellos artículos que presentaron resultados con base en eritro-sedimentación, factor reumatoide, DAS 28 y niveles de proteína C reactiva. Desde el punto de vista de los resultados del tratamiento periodontal se incluyeron los artículos que documentaron las variables: sangrado al sondaje, profundidad al sondaje y nivel de inserción clínica. Dos revisores evaluaron la calidad de cada estudio para lo cual utilizaron la guía CONSORT 2010. Resultados: después de la revisión de los resúmenes se encontraron diez artículos que podrían ser objeto de revisión, sin embargo solamente cuatro cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Se observó reducción de la severidad de la artritis reumatoide en términos de la actividad de la enfermedad (DAS 28). Conclusión: el control terapéutico de la periodontitis podría tener un efecto benéfico en la artritis reumatoide, ya que reduce en cierto grado su severidad. Se tuvieron en cuenta sus parámetros de medición clínica y de laboratorio.

Background: periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis share several features including a persistent immune response in connective and bone tissue. Objective: to establish the association between periodontal therapy and severity of rheumatoid arthritis, considering clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: a systematic review was performed including randomized clinical trials that studied the association between periodontal therapy and severity of rheumatoid arthritis. The search for information was conducted from January 1990 to December 2010. Databases like MEDLINE, LILACS, EMBASE and Cochrane Library were reviewed. Selection criteria were based on experimental studies which reported treatment of chronic periodontitis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. In rheumatologic level were considered those articles which their results were based on the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, rheumatoid factor, and DAS 28 and C-reactive protein levels. From the point of view of the results of periodontal treatment articles, were included variables like: bleeding to probing, probing depth and level of clinical insertion depth. Two reviewers assessed the quality of each study using the CONSORT 2010 guideline. Results: after reviewing the abstracts, 10 articles were found that could be reviewed, of which, only four fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Reduction in the severity of rheumatoid arthritis in terms of disease activity (DAS 28) was observed. Conclusion: the therapeutic control of periodontitis may have a beneficial effect on rheumatoid arthritis, reducing to some extent its severity taking into account the parameters of clinical and laboratory measurement.