Influence of incubation temperature, maternal effects, and paternity on quality of olive ridley hatchlings (Lepidochelys olivacea) from a mass-nesting beach in the Mexican Pacific.

Future climate change scenarios project that the increase in surface temperatures will affect ocean temperatures, inducing shifts in marine biodiversity. Sea turtles are species that are particularly vulnerable to the effects of climate change because temperature is a factor that influences embryonic development. We collected clutches of olive ridley turtles from a mass-nesting beach in the Mexican Pacific, which were incubated in ex situ conditions. When the hatchlings emerged, we measured the body condition index-which evaluates the weight-length relationship-and swim thrust, both were considered traits associated with fitness, termed "fitness proxies," and evaluated the effects of incubation temperature, maternal effects, and paternity on these fitness proxies. The body condition index was correlated positively and significantly with the arribada month and temperature during the last third of the incubation period but showed an inverse relationship with the maternal effect. While swim thrust was positively correlated with the maternal effect and the arribada month, there was an inverse relationship with incubation temperature during the first third of the period. Paternity, whether single or multiple, did not have a significant effect on either fitness proxies; however, it may have effects on the average fitness of a population of hatchlings. These results underscore the need to expand research on the sublethal effects of high incubation temperatures on the adaptation and survival of sea turtles, particularly in scenarios of rapid climate change.

Genetic structure of Mexican lionfish populations in the southwest Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea.

The recent expansion of the invasive lionfish throughout the Western Hemisphere is one of the most extensively studied aquatic invasions. Molecular studies have improved our understanding of larval dispersal, connectivity, and biogeographical barriers among lionfish populations, but none have included Mexican localities, an important area for the larval dispersal of Pterois volitans through the Western Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico. Here, we present a genetic analysis of lionfishes collected along Mexican coasts, examining their connectivity with other Caribbean localities (Belize, Cuba, Puerto Rico) and the role of ocean currents on population structure. We collected 213 lionfish samples from seven locations comprising four countries. To evaluate genetic structure, mitochondrial control region and nuclear inter-simple sequence repeat markers were used. We found that lionfish collected along Mexican coasts show a similar haplotype composition (H02 followed by H01 and H04) to other Caribbean locations, and the H03 rare haplotype was not found. Haplotype composition in the southwest Gulf of Mexico suggests a discontinuity between the southern and northern areas of the Gulf of Mexico. The southern area clustered more strongly to the Caribbean region, and this is supported by the complexity of water circulation in the semi-enclosed region of the Gulf of Mexico. Mitochondrial genetic diversity parameters show small values, whereas nuclear markers produce medium to high values. Only nuclear markers highlighted significant genetic differentiation between the southwest Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean region, confirming a phylogeographic break between both regions. Separate analysis of Caribbean locations indicates restricted larval exchange between southern and northern regions of the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef System, potentially in response to regional oceanographic circulation.

Breast cancer in males, case presentation and literature review / Cáncer de mama en varones, presentación de caso y revisión de literatura

Background: Male breast cancer is a rare entity, with an approximate rate of 1.1 / 100 000 in the US, with an average age of 67 years. In all cases a genetic study must be performed, in order to find mutations in known genes, and after the resolution of the disease, based on the results, a contralateral prophylactic mastectomy should be considered. Clinical case: 53 -year-old male diagnosed with right breast cancer, infiltrating ductal adenocarcinoma type, clinical stage IIB, breast cancer on 2 immediate family history, mutations of the BRCA1 gene and positive hormone receptors and Her2/Neu. He was treated with modified radical mastectomy in diseased side with subsequent neoadjuvant chemotherapy/radiotherapy. After a year of follow-up and a free behavior of disease, contralateral prophylactic mastectomy was performed. The patient progressed satisfactorily, following up to 18 months since the beginning, with no tumor activity data. Conclusions: Breast cancer in male patient has a worse prognosis than female patients, due to lower amount of tissue in breast exposed to an earlier chest spread and a different biological behavior, also a higher risk of prostate and pancreatic cancer is associated. Studies of adequate methodological quality are scarce, so that decisions are based on guidelines for breast cancer in women.

Introducción: el cáncer de mama en varones es una entidad poco frecuente, con una tasa aproximada de 1.1/100 000 habitantes en los Estados Unidos de América, con una edad media de presentación de 67 años. En todos los casos se aconseja realizar un estudio genético al paciente en búsqueda de mutaciones conocidas y después de la resolución de la enfermedad, con base en los resultados, considerar realizar una mastectomía profiláctica contralateral. Caso clínico: paciente masculino de 53 años de edad, con diagnóstico de cáncer de mama derecha, tipo adenocarcinoma canalicular infiltrante, estadio clínico IIB, con antecedentes de cáncer de mama en 2 familiares directos, mutaciones del gen BRCA1 y positivo tanto a receptores hormonales como para el gen Her2/Neu. Fue tratado con mastectomía radical modificada en lado enfermo con neoadyuvancia subsecuente a base de quimio/radioterapia, tras un año de seguimiento y con un comportamiento libre de enfermedad se realizó mastectomía profiláctica contralateral. El paciente evolucionó satisfactoriamente, en seguimiento a 18 meses sin datos de actividad tumoral. Conclusiones: el cáncer de mama en el paciente varón tiene un pronóstico peor respecto al paciente de sexo femenino, esto por la menor cantidad de tejido en mama que lo expone a una diseminación torácica más temprana y por su comportamiento más agresivo, además de asociarse a un mayor riesgo de desarrollar cáncer de próstata y páncreas, respecto a la población general. Los estudios de adecuada calidad metodológica son escasos, por lo que la toma decisiones se fundamenta en las directrices para el cáncer de mama en mujeres.

Addressing prediabetes in childhood obesity treatment programs: support from research and current practice.

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and prediabetes have increased in prevalence among overweight and obese children, with significant implications for long-term health. There is little published evidence on the best approaches to care of prediabetes among overweight youth or the current practices used across pediatric weight management programs. METHODS: This article reviews the literature and summarizes current practices for screening, diagnosis, and treatment of prediabetes at childhood obesity treatment centers. Findings regarding current practice were based on responses to an online survey from 28 pediatric weight management programs at 25 children's hospitals in 2012. Based on the literature reviewed, and empiric data, consensus support statements on prediabetes care and T2DM prevention were developed among representatives of these 25 children's hospitals' obesity clinics. RESULTS: The evidence reviewed demonstrates that current T2DM and prediabetes diagnostic parameters are derived from adult-based studies with little understanding of clinical outcomes among youth. Very limited evidence exists on preventing progression of prediabetes. Some evidence suggests that a significant proportion of obese youth with prediabetes will revert to normoglycemia without pharmacological management. Evidence supports lifestyle modification for children with prediabetes, but further study of specific lifestyle changes and pharmacological treatments is needed. CONCLUSION: Evidence to guide management of prediabetes in children is limited. Current practice patterns of pediatric weight management programs show areas of variability in practice, reflecting the limited evidence base. More research is needed to guide clinical care for overweight youth with prediabetes.

Supervisiòn clinica odontologica

Bolivia es un pais que presenta graves limitaciones en su capacidad para recopilar y analizar datos pertinentes sobre salud bucodental

Salud pública odontología familiar comunitaria intercultural

La odontología familiar comunitaria intercultural, es el nuevo modelo de gestión y atención que permitira racionalizar en todos los aspectos el sistema sanitario; promover la utilización de prácticas científica; promocionales preventivas de bajo costo y de alta efectividad. El diagnóstico situacional de salud y el análisis de la asalud bucaodental de Bolivia, permitirán aportar al proceso de deficnición de estrategias e intervenciones sobre los problemas de salud de la poblaicón boliviana. En el ámbito de la salud bucal bucodental, persiste una alta prevalencia de problemas estomátologicos, en todos los grupos etáreos, y si bien, en general, no son causa de muerte, afectan la salud y la calidad de vida de las personas, la familia y a la comunidad

Salud pública odontología familiar comunitaria intercultural

La odontología familiar comunitaria intercultural, es el nuevo modelo de gestión y atención que permitira racionalizar en todos los aspectos el sistema sanitario; promover la utilización de prácticas científica; promocionales preventivas de bajo costo y de alta efectividad. El diagnóstico situacional de salud y el análisis de la asalud bucaodental de Bolivia, permitirán aportar al proceso de deficnición de estrategias e intervenciones sobre los problemas de salud de la poblaicón boliviana. En el ámbito de la salud bucal bucodental, persiste una alta prevalencia de problemas estomátologicos, en todos los grupos etáreos, y si bien, en general, no son causa de muerte, afectan la salud y la calidad de vida de las personas, la familia y a la comunidad

Antiproliferative, cytotoxic and antitumour activity of coumarins isolated from Calophyllum brasiliense.

Among the eight Calophyllum species found on the American continent, Calophyllum brasiliense is the most widely distributed. Chemical analysis of this species has shown the presence of xanthones with cancer chemopreventive properties and antifungal activity. Recently, three new coumarins with antineoplastic properties have been found. In this study, we have evaluated the biological effects of the antiproliferative activity of coumarins isolated from C. brasiliense on the survival, cell cycle and apoptosis of cells in-vitro and their antitumour effects in mice. The cytological study showed that coumarins from C. brasiliense reduce the survival of BMK cells (baby mouse kidney cells) by inducing apoptosis and, to a lesser degree, necrosis. The cell cycle was arrested in S-phase and the division of BMK cells was inhibited. Coumarins had caused a reduction of experimental tumours in 83% of animals by the end of the treatment. Therefore, coumarins have the potential to be used alone or in combination with other antineoplastic drugs, and they might increase the effectiveness of other treatments for cancer.

Educación en salud pública bucal familiar-escolar comunitaria

Los contenidos de esta guía tiene que ver con la promoción de la salud, la inclusión y participación social, la interculturalidad, la prevención de la enfermedad y la atención a las principales enfermedades bucales, la reorientación y el fortalécimiento de los servicios de salud por el primer nivel de atención, el fomento de las acciones intersectoriales y la construcción de entornos saludables, todo ello posibilitado a partir de la vinculación de la familia y la comunidad como núcleos básicos de decisión de salud. Ademas permite aportar en la resolución de los principales de acción y análisis en base a las caracteristicas particulares de los municipios, las comunidades y las familias, haciendo en énfasis en sus propios esfuerzos, su compromiso, sus derechos y convicciones

Educación en salud pública bucal familiar-escolar comunitaria

Los contenidos de esta guía tiene que ver con la promoción de la salud, la inclusión y participación social, la interculturalidad, la prevención de la enfermedad y la atención a las principales enfermedades bucales, la reorientación y el fortalécimiento de los servicios de salud por el primer nivel de atención, el fomento de las acciones intersectoriales y la construcción de entornos saludables, todo ello posibilitado a partir de la vinculación de la familia y la comunidad como núcleos básicos de decisión de salud. Ademas permite aportar en la resolución de los principales de acción y análisis en base a las caracteristicas particulares de los municipios, las comunidades y las familias, haciendo en énfasis en sus propios esfuerzos, su compromiso, sus derechos y convicciones

Recurrent necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum associated with venous insufficiency in an adolescent with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus and associated long-term complications have become a significant health problem in adolescents. We report a 16-year-old girl with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus who had recurrent necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum associated with venous insufficiency.