Potential structure-function relationships of pectic polysaccharides from quinoa microgreens: Impact of various esterification degrees.

Pectic polysaccharides are one of the most vital functional ingredients in quinoa microgreens, which exhibit numerous health-promoting benefits. Nevertheless, the detailed information about the structure-function relationships of pectic polysaccharides from quinoa microgreens (QMP) remains unknown, thereby largely restricting their applications as functional foods or fortified ingredients. Therefore, to unveil the possible structure-function relationships of QMP, the mild alkali de-esterification was utilized to modify QMP, and then the correlations of esterification degrees of native and modified QMPs to their biological functions were systematically investigated. The results showed that the modified QMPs with different esterification degrees were successfully prepared by the mild alkali treatment, and the primary chemical structure (e.g., compositional monosaccharides and glycosidic linkages) of the native QMP was overall stable after the de-esterified modification. Furthermore, the results revealed that the antioxidant capacity, antiglycation effect, prebiotic potential, and immunostimulatory activity of the native QMP were negatively correlated to its esterification degree. In addition, both native and modified QMPs exerted immunostimulatory effects through activating the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. These results are conducive to unveiling the precise structure-function relationships of QMP, and can also promote its applications as functional foods or fortified ingredients.

Improve the satisfaction of medical staff on the use of home nursing mobile APP by using a hybrid multi-standard decision model.

OBJECTIVE: To identify critical satisfaction gaps in a home nursing mobile application (APP) using a systematic decision-making model. METHODS: Initially, the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory method was used to analyze the relationship structure and corresponding weights among the indicators. The Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) method was used to identify the categories of all indicators and their corresponding strategic directions. Twenty-six home nursing specialists currently providing home nursing services were recruited for this study. RESULTS: The IPA results revealed that "Assurance," "Reliability," and "Personal security protection" are critical satisfaction gaps. From the influence network and weight results, "information quality" and "system quality" were the critical quality factors in the home nursing mobile APP. The influence of the network relationship structure and weight demonstrated a 98.12% significance level, indicating good stability. CONCLUSION: Continuous improvement in information and system quality is recommended to optimize the overall quality of the home nursing mobile APP. Additionally, user demands should be considered, and personal safety guarantee functions should be developed and integrated into the system to ensure the safety of home nursing workers.

Attitudes towards snakebite health education and associated factors among residents in China: A national cross-sectional study.

Background: This study aimed to investigate attitudes towards health education on snakebites and to identify the influencing factors among Chinese residents. Additionally, we proposed effective health education strategies for snakebite management. Methods: Between May 2022 and February 2023, we conducted a nationwide cross-sectional questionnaire survey using a multistage sampling method with supplementary snowball sampling. We used descriptive analysis, χ2 tests, and univariable and multivariable binary logistic regression models to analyse the data. Results: We included 56 669 respondents in the analysis. The average score for snakebite knowledge was 12.13 ± 5.26 points, with a maximum score of 28. Among the respondents, 72.66 and 63.03% of the residents believed that it was necessary to disseminate knowledge about snakebites and expressed a willingness to receive snakebite training, respectively. Respondents from the northeast region, respondents with a higher education level, and respondents with higher scores for snakebite knowledge, health knowledge, health skills, and social-psychological adjustment skills exhibited more positive attitudes towards snakebite knowledge dissemination and training. Conversely, respondents from eastern or southern China, respondents older than 60, and respondents who lived in rudimentary housing conditions showed a lower perception of the need for snakebite knowledge dissemination and were less willing to participate in snakebite knowledge and skill training. Conclusions: Generally, Chinese residents have positive attitudes towards snakebite knowledge dissemination and training. However, the public lacks sufficient knowledge about snakebites. Therefore, we should pay close attention to areas south of the Yangtze River to strengthen snakebite health education using engaging formats that align with residents' interests, such as short videos or television programmes, in an attempt to and ultimately improve health literacy and prevention awareness.

Enrichment of oligodendrocyte precursor phenotypes in subsets of low-grade glioneuronal tumours.

Current histological classification of low-grade glioneuronal tumours does not adequately represent their underlying biology. The neural lineage(s) and differentiation stage(s) involved and the cell state(s) affected by the recurrent genomic alterations are unclear. Here, we describe dysregulated oligodendrocyte lineage developmental programmes in three low-grade glioneuronal tumour subtypes. Ten dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumours, four myxoid glioneuronal tumours and five rosette-forming glioneuronal tumours were collected. Besides a comprehensive characterization of clinical features, known diagnostic markers and genomic alterations, we used comprehensive immunohistochemical stainings to characterize activation of rat sarcoma/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, involvement of neuronal component, resemblance to glial lineages and differentiation blockage along the stages of oligodendrocyte lineage. The findings were further complemented by gene set enrichment analysis with transcriptome data of dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumours from the literature. Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumours, myxoid glioneuronal tumours and rosette-forming glioneuronal tumours occur at different ages, with symptoms closely related to tumour location. Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumours and myxoid glioneuronal tumours contain oligodendrocyte-like cells and neuronal component. Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumours contained regions of rosette-forming neurocytic and astrocytic features. Scattered neurons, identified by neuronal nuclei antigen and microtubule-associated protein-2 staining, were consistently observed in all dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumours and myxoid glioneuronal tumours examined, but only in one rosette-forming glioneuronal tumour. Pervasive neurofilament-positive axons were observed only in dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumour and myxoid glioneuronal tumour samples. Alterations in B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase, fibroblast growth factor receptor 1, fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 and platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha occurred in a mutually exclusive manner, coinciding with strong staining of phospho-p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase and low apoptotic signal. All dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumours, myxoid glioneuronal tumours and the neurocytic regions of rosette-forming glioneuronal tumours showed strong expression of neuron-glia antigen 2, platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (markers of oligodendrocyte precursor cells) and neurite outgrowth inhibitor-A (a marker of developing oligodendrocytes), but lacked the expression of oligodendrocyte markers ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 6 and myelin basic protein. Notably, transcriptomes of dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumours were enriched in oligodendrocyte precursor cell signature, but not in signatures of neural stem cells, myelinating oligodendrocytes and astrocytes. Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumour, myxoid glioneuronal tumour and rosette-forming glioneuronal tumour resemble oligodendrocyte precursor cells, and their enrichment of oligodendrocyte precursor cell phenotypes is closely associated with the recurrent mutations in rat sarcoma/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway.

Association between red cell distribution width and all-cause mortality in patients with breast cancer: A retrospective analysis using MIMIC-IV 2.0.

PURPOSE: Investigating the association between red cell distribution width (RDW) and all-cause mortality in patients with breast cancer, to evaluate the potential clinical prognostic value of RDW. METHODS: Based on the RDW index, patients with breast cancer in the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC-IV) database were categorized into quartiles. The primary outcomes included in-hospital mortality from all causes during the first six months, the first year, and the first three years. Cox hazards regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were developed to investigate the effects of RDW on primary outcomes. RESULTS: The study included 939 patients (female). The 6-month, 1-year, and 3-year mortality rates were 14.0%, 21.4%, and 28.4%, respectively. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analyses demonstrated that RDW exhibited an autonomous association with an increased risk of all-cause mortality. After adjusting for confounders, higher RDW quartiles were significantly associated with 6-month mortality (adjusted hazard ratio (HR), 3.197; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.745-5.762; P < 0.001), 1-year mortality (adjusted HR, 2.978; 95% CI, 1.867-4.748; P < 0.001), and 3-year mortality (adjusted HR, 2.526; 95% CI, 1.701-3.750; P < 0.001). The RCS curves demonstrated that high RDW (> 14.6) was associated with a greater risk of all-cause mortality. Subgroup analyses revealed no statistically significant differences in the interactions between the subgroups. CONCLUSION: The study revealed a highly pronounced relationship between RDW and overall mortality, indicating its potential as an autonomous prognostic factor for increased mortality among patients with breast cancer.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure in plasma and their blood-brain barrier transmission efficiency-A pilot study.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been shown to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and accumulate in human brain. The BBB transmission and accumulation efficiency of PFAS, as well as the potential health risks from human co-exposure to legacy and emerging PFAS due to differences in transport efficiency, need to be further elucidated. In the present pilot study, 23 plasma samples from glioma patients were analyzed for 17 PFAS. The concentrations of PFAS in six paired brain tissue and plasma samples were used to calculate the BBB transmission efficiency of PFAS (RPFAS). This RPFAS analysis was conducted with utmost care and consideration amid the limited availability of valuable paired samples. The results indicated that low molecular weight PFAS, including short-chain and emerging PFAS, may have a greater potential for accumulation in brain tissue than long-chain PFAS. As an alternative to perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), 6:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (6:2 Cl-PFESA) exhibited brain accumulation potential similar to that of PFOS, suggesting it may not be a suitable substitute concerning health risk in brain. The BBB transmission efficiencies of perfluorooctanoic acid, PFOS, and 6:2 Cl-PFESA showed similar trends with age, which may be an important factor influencing the entry of exogenous compounds into the brain. A favorable link between perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA) and the development and/or progression of glioma may be implicated by a strong positive correlation (r2 = 0.94; p < 0.01) between RFOSA and Ki-67 (a molecular marker of glioma). However, a causal relationship between RFOSA and glioma incidence were not established in the present study. The present pilot study conducted the first examination of BBB transmission efficiency of PFAS from plasma to brain tissue and highlighted the importance of reducing and/or controlling exposure to PFAS.

Shenfu injection targets the PI3K-AKT pathway to regulate autophagy and apoptosis in acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by sepsis.

BACKGROUND: Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by an exaggerated response to infection. In the lungs, one of the most susceptible organs, this can manifest as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Shenfu (SF) injection is a prominent traditional Chinese medicine used to treat sepsis. However, the exact mechanism of its action has rarely been reported in the literature. PURPOSE: In the present study, we detected the protective effect of SF injection on sepsis-induced ARDS and explored its underlying mechanism. METHODS: We investigated the potential targets and regulatory mechanisms of SF injections using a combination of network pharmacology and RNA sequencing. This study was conducted both in vivo and in vitro using a mouse model of ARDS and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated MLE-12 cells, respectively. RESULTS: The results showed that SF injection could effectively inhibit inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis to alleviate LPS-induced ARDS. SF inhibited the PI3K-AKT pathway, which controls autophagy and apoptosis. Subsequently, MLE-12 cells were treated with 3-methyladenine to assess its effects on autophagy and apoptosis. Additional experiments were conducted by adding rapamycin, an mTOR antagonist, or SC79, an AKT agonist, to investigate the effects of SF injection on autophagy, apoptosis, and the PI3K-AKT pathway. CONCLUSION: Overall, we found that SF administration could enhance autophagic activity, reduce apoptosis, suppress inflammatory responses and oxidative stress, and inhibit the PI3K-AKT pathway, thus ameliorating sepsis-induced ARDS.

Modeling and experimental study of the intervention forces between the guidewire and blood vessels.

A profound investigation of the interaction mechanics between blood vessels and guidewires is necessary to achieve safe intervention. An interactive force model between guidewires and blood vessels is established based on cardiovascular fluid dynamics theory and contact mechanics, considering two intervention phases (straight intervention and contact intervention at a corner named "J-vessel"). The contributing factors of the force model, including intervention conditions, guidewire characteristics, and intravascular environment, are analyzed. A series of experiments were performed to validate the availability of the interactive force model and explore the effects of influential factors on intervention force. The intervention force data were collected using a 2-DOF mechanical testing system instrumented with a force sensor. The guidewire diameter and material were found to significantly impact the intervention force. Additionally, the intervention force was influenced by factors such as blood viscosity, blood vessel wall thickness, blood flow velocity, as well as the interventional velocity and interventional mode. The experiment of the intervention in a coronary artery physical vascular model confirms the practicality validation of the predicted force model and can provide an optimized interventional strategy for vascular interventional surgery. The enhanced intervention strategy has resulted in a considerable reduction of approximately 21.97 % in the force exerted on blood vessels, effectively minimizing the potential for complications associated with the interventional surgery.

HMGN1 loss sensitizes lung cancer cells to chemotherapy.

The high mobility group nucleosome binding (HMGN) family, constitutes a large family of non-histone protein family known to bind the acidic patch of the nucleosomes with various key cellular functions. Several studies have highlighted the pivotal roles of HMGNs in the pathogenic process of various cancer types. However, the roles of HMGN family in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) have not been fully elucidated. Herein, integrative analyses of multiple-omics data revealed that HMGNs frequently exhibit dysregulation in LUAD. Subsequent analysis of the clinical relevance of HMGN1 demonstrated its association with poor prognosis in LUAD and its potential as a diagnostic marker to differentiate LUAD from healthy controls. Additionally, functional enrichment analysis suggested that HMGN1 was mainly involved in DNA repair. To corroborate these findings, cellular experiments were conducted, confirming HMGN1's crucial involvement in homologous recombination repair and its potential to enhance the sensitivity of LUAD cells to standard chemotherapeutic drugs. This study proposes HMGN1 as a novel prognostic biomarker and a promising target for chemotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma.

Tofacitinib uptake by patient-derived intestinal organoids predicts individual clinical responsiveness.

Background & Aims: Despite increasing therapeutic options in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC), achieving disease remission remains a major clinical challenge. Nonresponse to therapy is common and clinicians have little guidance in selecting the optimal therapy for an individual patient. This study examined whether patient-derived materials could predict individual clinical responsiveness to the Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, tofacitinib, prior to treatment initiation. Method: In 48 patients with UC initiating tofacitinib, we longitudinally collected clinical covariates, stool, and colonic biopsies to analyze the microbiota, transcriptome, and exome variations associated with clinical responsiveness at week 24. We established patient-derived organoids (n = 23) to determine how their viability upon stimulation with proinflammatory cytokines in the presence of tofacitinib related to drug responsiveness in patients. We performed additional biochemical analyses of organoids and primary tissues to identify the mechanism underlying differential tofacitinib sensitivity. Results: The composition of the gut microbiota, rectal transcriptome, inflammatory biomarkers, and exome variations were indistinguishable among UC patients prior to tofacitinib treatment. However, a subset of patient-derived organoids displayed reduced sensitivity to tofacitinib as determined by the ability of the drug to inhibit STAT1 phosphorylation and loss of viability upon cytokine stimulation. Remarkably, sensitivity of organoids to tofacitinib predicted individual clinical patient responsiveness. Reduced responsiveness to tofacitinib was associated with decreased levels of the cationic transporter MATE1, which mediates tofacitinib uptake. Conclusions: Patient-derived intestinal organoids predict and identify mechanisms of individual tofacitinib responsiveness in UC. Specifically, MATE1 expression predicted clinical response to tofacitinib.

Renal effects and safety between Asian and non-Asian chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes treated with nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid antagonists.

BACKGROUND: Asians bear a heavier burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD), a common comorbidity of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), than non-Asians. Nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) have garnered attention for their potential advantages in renal outcomes. Nevertheless, the impact on diverse ethnic groups remains unknown. METHODS: The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database, and clinical trial registries were searched through August 2023 with the following keywords: nonsteroidal MRAs (finerenone, apararenone, esaxerenone, AZD9977, KBP-5074), CKD, T2DM, and randomized controlled trial (RCT). A random effects model was used to calculate overall effect sizes. RESULTS: Seven RCTs with 14 997 participants were enrolled. Nonsteroidal MRAs reduced urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR) significantly more in Asians than non-Asians: (weighted mean difference [WMD], -0.59, 95% CI, -0.73 to -0.45, p < .01) vs (WMD, -0.29, 95% CI, -0.32 to -0.27, p < .01), respectively. The average decline of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was similar in Asians and non-Asians (p > .05). Regarding systolic blood pressure (SBP), nonsteroidal MRAs had a better antihypertension performance in Asians (WMD, -5.12, 95% CI, -5.84 to -4.41, p < .01) compared to non-Asians (WMD, -3.64, 95% CI, -4.38 to -2.89, p < .01). A higher incidence of hyperkalemia and eGFR decrease ≥30% was found in Asians than non-Asians (p < .01). CONCLUSIONS: Nonsteroidal MRAs exhibited significant renal benefits by decreasing UACR and lowering SBP in Asian than that of non-Asian patients with CKD and T2DM, without increase of adverse events except hyperkalemia and eGFR decrease ≥30%.

Characteristic structures of liquid crystal monomers in EI-MS analysis and the potential application in suspect screening.

Liquid crystal monomers (LCMs) are of emerging concern due to their ubiquitous presence in indoor and outdoor environments and their potential negative impacts on human health and ecosystems. Suspect screening approaches have been developed to monitor thousands of LCMs that could enter the environment, but an updated suspect list of LCMs is difficult to maintain given the rapid development of material innovations. To facilitate suspect screening for LCMs, in-silico mass fragmentation model and quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSPR) models were applied to predict electron ionization (EI) mass spectra of LCMs. The in-silico model showed limited predictive power for EI mass spectra, while the QSPR models trained with 437 published mass spectra of LCMs achieved an acceptable absolute error of 12 percentage points in predicting the relative intensity of the molecular ion, but failed to predict the mass-to-charge ratio of the base peak. A total of 41 characteristic structures were identified from an updated suspect list of 1606 LCMs. Multi-phenyl groups form the rigid cores of 85% of LCMs and produce 154 characteristic peaks in EI mass spectra. Monitoring the characteristic structures and fragments of LCMs may help identify new LCMs with the same rigid cores as those in the suspect list.

Self-assembling peptide hydrogel scaffold integrating stem cell-derived exosomes for infected bone defects.

Infected bone defect (IBD) is a great challenge in orthopedics, which involves in bone loss and infection. Here, a self-assembling hydrogel scaffold (named AMP-RAD/EXO), integrating antimicrobial peptides(AMPs), RADA16 and BMSCs exosomes with an innovative strategy, is developed and applied in IBD treatment for sustained antimicrobial ability, accelerating osteoblasts proliferation and promoting bone regeneration. AMPs present an excellent ability to inhibit infection, RADA16 is a self-assembling peptide hydrogel for AMPs delivery, and BMSCs exosomes can promote the bone regeneration. The prepared AMP-RAD/EXO exhibited a polyporous 3D structure for imbibition of BMSCs exosomes and migration of osteoblasts. In vitro studies indicate AMP-RAD/EXO can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, accelerate the proliferation and migration of BMSCs. More importantly, in vivo results also prove that AMP-RAD/EXO exhibit an excellent effect on IBD treatment. Thus, the prepared AMP-RAD/EXO provides a multifunctional scaffold concept for bone tissue engineering technology.

Public trust in general practitioners and its association with primary care contracts: a cross-sectional study of community residents in China.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the level of public trust in general practitioners (GPs) and its association with primary care contract services (PCCS) in China. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: Between September and December 2021, 4158 residents across eastern, central, and western China completed a structured self-administered questionnaire. Trust was assessed using the Chinese version of Wake Forest Physician Trust Scale. Multivariable linear regression models were established to identify predictors of trust. The effect size of PCCS on trust was estimated by the average treatment effect for the treated (ATT) through propensity score matching. RESULTS: The study participants had a mean Wake Forest Physician Trust Scale score of 36.82 (standard deviation = 5.45). Enrollment with PCCS (ß = 0.14, P < 0.01), Han ethnicity (ß = 0.03, P < 0.05), lower educational attainment (ß = -0.06, P < 0.01), higher individual monthly income (ß = 0.03, P < 0.05), better self-rated health (ß = 0.04, P < 0.05), chronic conditions (ß = 0.07, P < 0.01), and higher familiarity with primary care services (ß = 0.12, P < 0.01) and PCCS (ß = 0.21, P < 0.01) were associated with higher trust in GPs. The ATT of PCCS exceeded 1 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: PCCS are associated with higher levels of trust in GPs. PCCS may become an effective tool to attract public trust in GPs, although the relationship between the two may be bi-directional.

CD146, a therapeutic target involved in cell plasticity.

Since its identification as a marker for advanced melanoma in the 1980s, CD146 has been found to have multiple functions in both physiological and pathological processes, including embryonic development, tissue repair and regeneration, tumor progression, fibrosis disease, and inflammations. Subsequent research has revealed that CD146 is involved in various signaling pathways as a receptor or co-receptor in these processes. This correlation between CD146 and multiple diseases has sparked interest in its potential applications in diagnosis, prognosis, and targeted therapy. To better comprehend the versatile roles of CD146, we have summarized its research history and synthesized findings from numerous reports, proposing that cell plasticity serves as the underlying mechanism through which CD146 contributes to development, regeneration, and various diseases. Targeting CD146 would consequently halt cell state shifting during the onset and progression of these related diseases. Therefore, the development of therapy targeting CD146 holds significant practical value.

Application of multiplanar reconstruction and 3D printing in anterior cruciate ligament revision. / 多平面重建及3D打印在前交叉韧带翻修术中的应用.

OBJECTIVES: Anterior cruciate ligament injury is the most common type of knee joint ligament injury. Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction has a high failure rate, with bone tunnel abnormalities as the most significant factor in these failures. Digital orthopedic technology can effectively develop implementation plans for the revision, thus increasing the success rate. This study aims to develop a surgical plan for anterior cruciate ligament revision by employing multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) for measuring bone tunnel position and diameter, and simulating bone tunnel creation via 3D printing preoperatively. METHODS: A total of 12 patients who underwent anterior cruciate ligament revision at the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between 2014 and 2021 were retrospectively studied. The data included patient demographics, preoperative formulated knee joint 3D printing models, and preoperative knee CT scans. The study measured the bone tunnel's diameter and position to guide the establishment of revision bone tunnels during surgery, reassessed the postoperative bone tunnels, and evaluated knee joint functional scores [including International Knee Documentation Committee Knee Evaluation Form (IKDC) score, Lysholm score, and Tegner exercise level score]. RESULTS: Preoperative measurements revealed suboptimal femoral tunnels positions in 4 patients and tibial tunnels positions in 2 patients. MPR and 3D printing technology were used to guide the establishment of a new bone canal during surgery, and postoperative measurements were satisfactory for all patients. Preoperative measurements demonstrated the interclass correlation coefficient for femoral tunnels and tibial tunnels diameters were 0.843 (P<0.05) and 0.889 (P<0.001), respectively. Meanwhile, the intraclass correlation coefficient were 0.811 (P<0.05) and 0.784 (P<0.05), respectively. The intraoperative diameter of femoral and tibial tunnels showed excellent correlation with postoperative CT measurements, with intraclass correlation coefficient values of 0.995 (P<0.001) and 0.987 (P<0.001), respectively. All bone tunnel positions were within the normal range. At the final follow-up, knee joint function scores in all 12 patients improved significantly compared to pre-surgery (P<0.001), and the reoperation rate was zero. CONCLUSIONS: MPR and 3D printing technology can accurately measure the parameters of reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament bone tunnels. Personalized revision plans for patients with reconstruction failure enhances the success rate of revision surgery and improves patient prognosis.

Shenqi Fuzheng injection alleviates chemotherapy-induced cachexia by restoring glucocorticoid signaling in hypothalamus.

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Triazine-Carbazole-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks as Efficient Heterogeneous Photocatalysts for the Oxidation of N-aryltetrahydroisoquinolines.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have attracted growing interests as new material platform for a range of applications. In this study, a triazine-carbazole-based covalent organic framework (COF-TCZ) was designed as highly porous material with conjugated donor-acceptor networks, and feasibly synthesized by the Schiff condensation of 4,4',4''-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)tr ianiline (TAPB) and 9-(4-formylphenyl)-9H-carbazole-3,6-dicarbaldehyde (CZTA) under the solvothermal condition. Considering the effect of linkage, the imine-linked COF-TCZ was further oxidized to obtain an amide-linked covalent organic framework (COF-TCZ-O). The as-synthesized COFs show high crystallinity, good thermal and chemical stability, and excellent photoactive properties. Two π-conjugated triazine-carbazole-based COFs with tunable linkages are beneficial for light-harvesting capacity and charge separation efficiency, which are empolyed as photocatalysts for the oxidation reaction of N-aryltetrahydroisoquinoline. The COFs catalyst systems exhibit the outstanding photocatalytic performance with high conversion, photostability and recyclability. Photoelectrochemical tests were employed to examine the behavior of photogenerated charge carriers in photo-illumination system. The control experiments provide further insights into the nature of photocatalysis. In addition, the current research also provided a valuable approach for developing photofunctional COFs to meet challenge in achieving the great potential of COFs materials in organic conversion.

Anchoring CeF3 nanoparticles on porous carbon nanofibers as self-supporting electrodes for highly sensitive detection of nitrite.

Designing a working electrode is crucial for the reliable electrochemistry detection, which is applied to detect toxic and harmful substances sensitively and rapidly. Here we report the polytetrafluoroethylene decomposition-assisted electrospinning, a combination method for creating nanopore and synthesizing CeF3, to prepare the self-supporting electrode of CeF3 nanoparticles-anchored on porous carbon nanofibers (CeF3/PCNFs) for highly sensitive nitrite detection. The CeF3/PCNFs exhibits remarkable electroactivity toward nitrite detection, featuring a wide concentration range (0.5 µM-6 mM), low detection limit (10 nm) and high sensitivity (2093 µA mM-1 cm-2). It also exhibits excellent selectivity, stability and reproducibility, and powerful reliability for nitrite detection in saliva, pickles, sausages, chips, river water and tap water. This study provides a facile strategy to prepare the metal fluoride-based self-supporting electrode, which overcomes the disadvantages of chemically modified electrodes unstable and poorly reproducible, and is significant for clinical diagnosis, food safety and environmental monitoring.