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Background: The above studies indicate that the SCZ animal model has abnormal gamma oscillations and abnormal functional coupling ability of brain regions at the cortical level. However, few researchers have focused on the correlation between brain complexity and connectivity at the cortical level. In order to provide a more accurate representation of brain activity, we studied the complexity of electrocorticogram (ECoG) signals and the information interaction between brain regions in schizophrenic rats, and explored the correlation between brain complexity and connectivity. Methods: We collected ECoG signal from SCZ rats. The frequency domain and time domain functional connectivity of SCZ rats were evaluated by magnitude square coherence and mutual information (MI). Permutation entropy (PE) and permutation Lempel-Ziv complexity (PLZC) were used to analyze the complexity of ECoG, and the relationship between them was evaluated. In addition, in order to further understand the causal structure of directional information flow among brain regions, we used phase transfer entropy (PTE) to analyze the effective connectivity of the brain. Results: Firstly, in the high gamma band, the complexity of brain regions in SCZ rats is higher than that in normal rats, and the neuronal activity is irregularity. Secondly, the information integration ability of SCZ rats decreased and the communication of brain network information was hindered at the cortical level. Finally, compared with normal rats, the causal relationship between brain regions of SCZ rats was closer, but the information interaction center was not clear. Conclusion: The above findings suggest that at the cortical level, complexity and connectivity are valid biomarkers for identifying SCZ. This bridges the gap between peak potentials and EEG. This may help to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms at the cortical level in schizophrenics.
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Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disorder involving multiple organs and systems. There is growing evidence that autoreactive B cells occupy a central role in the occurrence and progression of SLE due to their ability to generate pathogenic autoantibodies. Small molecule inhibitors targeting Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), a crucial intracellular kinase regulating B cell development and function, emerge as a new strategy to treat SLE in recent years and are superior to biologic agents depleting B cells in many aspects. Supportive data obtained from lupus-prone mice preliminarily demonstrated the promising therapeutic potential of BTK inhibition. However, these BTK inhibitors, including elsubrutinib, evobrutinib, etc., mostly face with unsatisfactory efficacy and certain safety issues during clinical use, driving the quest for new-generation inhibitors with improved potency and higher selectivity. This paper elaborates the importance of BTK involvement in SLE pathogenesis, reviews the clinical research progress of BTK inhibitors for SLE and discusses limitations and challenges the drugs met in development, in order to contribute to a deeper understanding of disease mechanism and provide a reference for new-generation BTK inhibitor research.
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The genus Ainsliaea DC. is one of the major groups within the tribe Pertyeae (Asteraceae). It comprises several important Chinese medicinal species. However, the phylogenetic position has undergone a long process of exploration. The complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequences data has not been employed in species identification and phylogeny of Ainsliaea. In this study, the complete cp genomes of two Ainsliaea species (A. gracilis and A. henryi) were reported, followed by structural, comparative, and phylogenetic analyses within the tribe Peryteae. Both cp genomes displayed a typical quadripartite circular structure, with the LSC and SSC regions separated by the IR regions. The genomes were 152,959 (A. gracilis) and 152,805 (A. henryi) base pairs (bp) long, with a GC content of 37.6%. They were highly conserved, containing 134 genes, including 87 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, 8 rRNA genes, and 2 pseudogenes (rps19 and ycf1). Moreover, thirteen highly polymorphic regions (e.g., trnK-UUU, trnG-UCC, trnT-GGU, accD-psaI, and rpl22-rps19) were identified, indicating their potential as DNA barcodes. The phylogenetic analysis confirmed the placement of Ainsliaea in the tribe Pertyeae, revealing close relationships with the genera Myripnois and Pertya. In comparison with Ainsliaea, Myripnois was more closely related to Pertya. This study lays a theoretical foundation for future research on species identification, population genetics, resource conservation, and sustainable utilization within Ainsliaea and Pertyeae.
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STUDY OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the impact of Supreme™ laryngeal masks versus endotracheal tubes on atelectasis during general anesthesia using lung ultrasound (LUS), and provide evidence for respiratory management. DESIGN: A single-center, double-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted. SETTING: The study was conducted in both the operating room and the post-anesthesia care unit, with follow-up assessments performed in the ward. PATIENTS: Enrollment included 180 cases undergoing non-laparoscopic surgeries in gynecology, urology, and orthopedic limb surgeries. INTERVENTIONS: Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 to the endotracheal intubation or laryngeal mask group. MEASUREMENTS: LUS scores were recorded across 12 lung regions at baseline, 15 min after airway establishment, at the end of surgery, and 30 min following airway removal. Outcome measures encompassed the oxygenation index, dynamic lung compliance, incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications, throat pain, and other postoperative complications assessed at 24 and 48 h postoperatively. The primary outcome focused on the LUS score in all 12 lung regions at 15 min after airway establishment. MAIN RESULTS: Intention-to-treat analysis of 177 subjects revealed endotracheal intubation led to significantly higher LUS scores at 15 min {P < 0.001, mean difference 4.15 ± 0.60, 95% CI [2.97, 5.33]}, end of surgery (P < 0.001, mean difference 3.37 ± 0.68, 95% CI [2.02, 4.72]), and 30 min post-removal (P < 0.001, mean difference 2.63 ± 0.48, 95% CI [1.68, 3.58]). No major complications occurred in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Compared to endotracheal intubation, laryngeal masks effectively reduce atelectasis formation and progression in gynecological, urological non-laparoscopic, and orthopedic limb surgeries. However, caution is warranted when generalizing these findings to surgeries with a higher risk of laryngeal mask leakage or obese patients. Additionally, the efficacy of laryngeal masks in reducing postoperative atelectasis remains uncertain when comprehensive monitoring of muscle relaxation and reversal therapy is employed.
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Ubiquitous sensing has been widely applied in smart healthcare, providing an opportunity for intelligent heart sound auscultation. However, smart devices contain sensitive information, raising user privacy concerns. To this end, federated learning (FL) has been adopted as an effective solution, enabling decentralised learning without data sharing, thus preserving data privacy in the Internet of Health Things (IoHT). Nevertheless, traditional FL requires the same architectural models to be trained across local clients and global servers, leading to a lack of model heterogeneity and client personalisation. For medical institutions with private data clients, this study proposes Fed-MStacking, a heterogeneous FL framework that incorporates a stacking ensemble learning strategy to support clients in building their own models. The secondary objective of this study is to address scenarios involving local clients with data characterised by inconsistent labelling. Specifically, the local client contains only one case type, and the data cannot be shared within or outside the institution. To train a global multi-class classifier, we aggregate missing class information from all clients at each institution and build meta-data, which then participates in FL training via a meta-learner. We apply the proposed framework to a multi-institutional heart sound database. The experiments utilise random forests (RFs), feedforward neural networks (FNNs), and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) as base classifiers. The results show that the heterogeneous stacking of local models performs better compared to homogeneous stacking.
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BACKGROUND: Endometrial cancer (EC) is the sixth most frequent cancer in women worldwide and has higher fatality rates. The pathophysiology of EC is complex, and there are currently no reliable methods for diagnosing and treating the condition. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), according to mounting evidence, is vital to the pathophysiology of EC. HOTAIR is regarded as a significant prognostic indicator of EC. ZBTB7A decreased EC proliferation and migration, according to recent studies, however the underlying mechanism still needs to be clarified. METHODS: The research utilized RT-qPCR to measure HOTAIR expression in clinical EC tissues and various EC cell lines. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was employed to correlate HOTAIR levels with patient prognosis. Additionally, the study examined the interaction between ZBTB7A and HOTAIR using bioinformatics tools and ChIP assays. The experimental approach also involved manipulating the expression levels of HOTAIR and ZBTB7A in EC cell lines and assessing the impact on various cellular processes and gene expression. RESULTS: The study found significantly higher levels of HOTAIR in EC tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues, with high HOTAIR expression correlating with poorer survival rates and advanced cancer characteristics. EC cell lines like HEC-1 A and KLE showed higher HOTAIR levels compared to normal cells. Knockdown of HOTAIR in these cell lines reduced proliferation, angiogenesis, and migration. ZBTB7A was found to be inversely correlated with HOTAIR, and its overexpression led to a decrease in HOTAIR levels and a reduction in malignant cell behaviors. The study also uncovered that HOTAIR interacts with ELAVL1 to regulate SOX17, which in turn activates the Wnt/ß-catenin pathway, promoting malignant behaviors in EC cells. CONCLUSION: HOTAIR is a critical regulator in EC, contributing to tumor growth and poor prognosis. Its interaction with ZBTB7A and regulation of SOX17 via the Wnt/ß-catenin pathway underlines its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Proliferación Celular , Proteína 1 Similar a ELAV , Neoplasias Endometriales , ARN Largo no Codificante , Factores de Transcripción SOXF , Humanos , ARN Largo no Codificante/genética , Femenino , Neoplasias Endometriales/genética , Neoplasias Endometriales/patología , Neoplasias Endometriales/metabolismo , Factores de Transcripción SOXF/genética , Factores de Transcripción SOXF/metabolismo , Proteína 1 Similar a ELAV/metabolismo , Proteína 1 Similar a ELAV/genética , Neovascularización Patológica/genética , Neovascularización Patológica/patología , Factores de Transcripción/genética , Factores de Transcripción/metabolismo , Proteínas de Unión al ADN/genética , Proteínas de Unión al ADN/metabolismo , Pronóstico , Línea Celular Tumoral , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Movimiento Celular/genética , Animales , Ratones , Persona de Mediana Edad , Vía de Señalización Wnt/genética , AngiogénesisRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Parkinson's patients have significant autonomic dysfunction, early detect the disorder is a major challenge. To assess the autonomic function in the rat model of rotenone induced Parkinson's disease (PD), Blood pressure and ECG signal acquisition are very important. NEW METHOD: We used telemetry to record the electrocardiogram and blood pressure signals from awake rats, with linear and nonlinear analysis techniques calculate the heart rate variability (HRV) and blood pressure variability (BPV). we applied nonlinear analysis methods like sample entropy and detrended fluctuation analysis to analyze blood pressure signals. Particularly, this is the first attempt to apply nonlinear analysis to the blood pressure evaluate in rotenone induced PD model rat. RESULTS: HRV in the time and frequency domains indicated sympathetic-parasympathetic imbalance in PD model rats. Linear BPV analysis didn't reflect changes in vascular function and blood pressure regulation in PD model rats. Nonlinear analysis revealed differences in BPV, with lower sample entropy results and increased detrended fluctuation analysis results in the PD group rats. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS AND CONCLUSIONS: our experiments demonstrate the ability to evaluate autonomic dysfunction in models of Parkinson's disease by combining the analysis of BPV with HRV, consistent with autonomic impairment in PD patients. Nonlinear analysis by blood pressure signal may help in early detection of the PD. It indicates that the fluctuation of blood pressure in the rats in the rotenone model group tends to be regular and predictable, contributes to understand the PD pathophysiological mechanisms and to find strategies for early diagnosis.
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Sistema Nervioso Autónomo , Presión Sanguínea , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Electrocardiografía , Frecuencia Cardíaca , Rotenona , Animales , Rotenona/toxicidad , Frecuencia Cardíaca/fisiología , Frecuencia Cardíaca/efectos de los fármacos , Presión Sanguínea/fisiología , Presión Sanguínea/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Sistema Nervioso Autónomo/fisiopatología , Sistema Nervioso Autónomo/efectos de los fármacos , Telemetría/métodos , Dinámicas no Lineales , Ratas , Trastornos Parkinsonianos/fisiopatología , Trastornos Parkinsonianos/inducido químicamente , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Enfermedad de Parkinson/fisiopatologíaRESUMEN
Spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have emerged as a major source of waste due to their low recovery rate. The physical disposal of spent LIBs can lead to the leaching of their contents into the surrounding environment. While it is widely agreed that hazardous substances such as nickel and cobalt in the leachate can pose a threat to the environment and human health, the overall composition and toxicity of LIB leachate remain unclear. In this study, a chemical analysis of leachate from spent LIBs was conducted to identify its primary constituents. The ecotoxicological parameters of the model organism, rotifer Brachionus asplanchnoidis, were assessed to elucidate the toxicity of the LIB leachate. Subsequent experiments elucidated the impacts of the LIB leachate and its representative components on the malondialdehyde (MDA) level, antioxidant capacity, and enzyme activity of B. asplanchnoidis. The results indicate that both the LIB leachate and its components are harmful to individual rotifers due to the adverse effects of stress-induced disturbances in biochemical indicators, posing a threat to population development. The intensified poisoning phenomenon under combined stress suggests the presence of complex synergistic effects among the components of LIB leachate. Due to the likely environmental and biological hazards, LIBs should be strictly managed after disposal. Additionally, more economical and eco-friendly recycling and treatment technologies need to be developed and commercialized.
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Litio , Malondialdehído , Estrés Oxidativo , Rotíferos , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Animales , Rotíferos/efectos de los fármacos , Litio/toxicidad , Malondialdehído/metabolismo , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/toxicidad , Suministros de Energía Eléctrica , Antioxidantes/metabolismoRESUMEN
To enhance the performance of the internal circulation (IC) reactor when treating high-sulfate organic wastewater, a laboratory-scale two-phase IC reactor with distinct phase separation capabilities was designed, and the sulfate reduction and methanogenesis processes were optimized by segregating the reactor into two specialized reaction zones. The results demonstrated that the first and second reaction areas of the two-phase IC reactor could be maintained at 4.5-6.0 and 7.5-8.5, respectively, turning them into the specialized phase for sulfate reduction and methanogenesis. Through phase separation, the two-phase IC reactor achieved a COD degradation and sulfate reduction efficiency of more than 80% when the influent sulfate concentration exceeded 5,000 mg/L, which were 32.32% and 16.04% higher than that before phase separation. Functional analyses indicated a greater activity of both the dissimilatory and assimilatory sulfate reduction pathways in the acidogenic phase, largely due to a rise in the relative abundance of the genera Desulfovibrio, Bacteroides, and Lacticaseibacillus, the primary carriers of sulfate reduction functional genes. In contrast, all the acetoclastic, hydrogenotrophic, and methylotrophic methanogenesis pathways were inhibited in the acidogenic phase but thrived in the methanogenic phase, coinciding with shifts in the genus Methanothrix, which harbors the mcrA, mcrB, and mcrG genes essential for the final transformation step of all three methanogenesis pathways.
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Reactores Biológicos , Metano , Sulfatos , Eliminación de Residuos Líquidos , Aguas Residuales , Sulfatos/metabolismo , Metano/metabolismo , Eliminación de Residuos Líquidos/métodos , Oxidación-Reducción , Separación de FasesRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The metabolic or proliferative abnormalities that are characteristic of tumor cells can lead to abnormal fibrinolysis or coagulation system activity, with certain tumors exhibiting hypercoagulability or existing in a fibrinolytic state. However, the utility of biomarkers of coagulation and fibrinolysis when seeking to differentiate between benign gallbladder disease and malignant gallbladder tumors remains uncertain. METHODS: This study included a total of 81 patients with benign gallbladder polyps and 94 patients with malignant gallbladder tumors. Pre-biopsy or pretreatment levels of PT, APTT, FIB, D-dimer, FDP, PLT, PIC, TAT, TM, and t-PAIC from these patients were compared using Mann-Whitney tests. The baseline data of the patients were analyzed using chi-square tests, and the diagnostic utility of these biomarkers in distinguishing between benign and malignant gallbladder lesions was evaluated using ROC curves, and Spearman correlation analysis was employed to assess the correlation between these indicators and tumor parameters. RESULTS: The average age of malignant gallbladder tumor group was higher than benign gallbladder polyp group. And the base line analysis showed that there was a statistic difference in age, history of smoking, drinking, biliary tract disease, BMI of over weight between these two groups. In patients with malignant gallbladder tumors, FIB, D-dimer, FDP, PIC, TAT, TM, and t-PAIC levels were significantly elevated relative to those in patients affected by benign gallbladder polyp. The AUC for FIB, D-dimer, and FDP was 0.8469, 0.6514, 0.5950, while for PIC, TAT, TM, t-PAIC and four biomarker combined diagnosed was 0.8455, 0.6554, 0.7130, 0.6806, and 0.8859. Among these, TM was associated with the vascular invasion of tumor patients; TAT and t-PAIC were associated with neural invasion; D-dimer and FDP were related to the maximum tumor diameter; and FDP had a certain correlation with the tumor stage. CONCLUSIONS: In gallbladder tumor patients, conventional coagulation metrics like FIB, D-dimer, and FDP, as well as newer thrombotic indicators such as PIC, TAT, TM, and t-PAIC, were obviously increased. Correlations with tumor parameters suggested their potential as biomarkers to distinguish benign from malignant gallbladder growths.
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Fibrinólisis , Neoplasias de la Vesícula Biliar , Humanos , Neoplasias de la Vesícula Biliar/sangre , Neoplasias de la Vesícula Biliar/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Vesícula Biliar/patología , Femenino , Masculino , Estudios Transversales , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Coagulación Sanguínea , Adulto , Biomarcadores de Tumor/sangre , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Biomarcadores/sangre , Productos de Degradación de Fibrina-Fibrinógeno/análisis , Productos de Degradación de Fibrina-Fibrinógeno/metabolismoRESUMEN
Berberine (BBR) is used to treat cancer, inflammatory conditions, and so on. But the side effects of BBR causing constipation should not be ignored. In clinical application, the combination of Amomum villosum Lour. (AVL) and BBR can relieve it. However, the effective ingredients and molecular mechanism of AVL in relieving constipation are not clear. A small intestine propulsion experiment was conducted in constipated mice to screen active ingredients of AVL. We further confirmed the molecular mechanism of action of the active ingredient on BBR-induced constipation. Quercetin (QR) was found to be the effective ingredient of AVL in terms of relieving constipation. QR can efficiently regulate the microbiota in mice suffering from constipation. Moreover, QR significantly raised the levels of substance P and motilin while lowering those of 5-hydroxytryptamine and vasoactive intestinal peptide; furthermore, it also increased the protein expression levels of calmodulin, myosin light-chain kinase, and myosin light chain. The use of QR in combination with BBR has an adverse effect-reducing efficacy. The study provides new ideas and possibilities for the treatment of constipation induced by BBR.
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Berberina , Estreñimiento , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Quercetina , Animales , Berberina/farmacología , Berberina/uso terapéutico , Quercetina/farmacología , Estreñimiento/tratamiento farmacológico , Estreñimiento/inducido químicamente , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Ratones , Masculino , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Motilina/metabolismoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Depression is a common and complex mental illness that manifests as persistent episodes of sadness, loss of interest, and decreased energy, which might lead to self-harm and suicide in severe cases. Reportedly, depression affects 3.8 % of the world's population and has been listed as one of the major global public health concerns. In recent years, aromatherapy has been widely used as an alternative and complementary therapy in the prevention and treatment of depression; people can relieve anxiety and depression by sniffing plant aromatic essential oils. Acorus tatarinowii and Panax ginseng essential oils in Chang Shen Hua volatile oil (CSHVO) are derived from Acorus tatarinowii and Panax ginseng, respectively, the main medicines in the famous Chinese medicine prescription Kai Xin San (KXS), Then, these oils are combined with the essential oil of Albizia julibrissin flower to form a new Chinese medicine inhalation preparation, CSHVO. KXS has been widely used in the treatment of depression; however, whether CSHVO can ameliorate depression-like behavior, its pharmacological effects, and the underlying mechanisms of action are yet to be elucidated. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A rat model of chronic and unpredictable mild stimulation (CUMS) combined with orphan rearing was treated with CSHVO for 4 weeks. Using behavioral tests (sucrose preference, force swimming, tail suspension, and open field), the depression-like degree was evaluated. Concurrently, brain homogenate and serum biochemistry were analyzed to assess the changes in the neurotransmitters and inflammatory and neurotrophic factors. Furthermore, tissue samples were collected for histological and protein analyses. In addition, network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses of the major active compounds, potential therapeutic targets, and intervention pathways predicted a role of CSHVO in depression relief. Subsequently, these predictions were confirmed by in vitro experiments using a corticosterone (CORT)-induced PC12 cell damage model. RESULTS: CSHVO inhalation can effectively improve the weight and depression-like behavior of depressed rats and regulate the expression of inflammatory factors and neurotransmitters. Hematoxylin-eosin, Nissl, and immunofluorescence staining indicated that compared to the model group, the pathological damage to the brain tissues of rats in the CSHVO groups was improved. The network pharmacological analysis revealed that 144 CSHVO active compounds mediate 71 targets relevant to depression treatment, most of which are rich in the cAMP signaling and inflammatory cytokine pathways. Protein-protein interaction analysis showed that TNF, IL6, and AKT are the core anti-depressive targets of CSHVO. Molecular docking analysis showed an adequate binding between the active ingredients and the key targets. In vitro experiments showed that compared to the model group, the survival rate of PC12 cells induced by CSHVO intervention was increased, the apoptosis rate was decreased, and the expression of inflammatory cytokines in the cell supernatant was improved. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining confirmed that CSHVO regulates PC12 cells in the CORT model through the cAMP-PKA-CREB signaling pathway, and pretreatment with PKA blocker H89 eliminates the protective effect of CSHVO on CORT-induced PC12 cells. CONCLUSIONS: CSHVO improves CORT-induced injury in the PC12 cell model and CUMS combined with orphan rearing-induced depression model in rats. The antidepressant mechanism of CSHVO is associated with the modulation of the cAMP-PKA-CREB signaling pathway.
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Encéfalo , Depresión , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos , Aceites Volátiles , Animales , Masculino , Ratas , Acorus/química , Antidepresivos/farmacología , Conducta Animal/efectos de los fármacos , Encéfalo/efectos de los fármacos , Encéfalo/metabolismo , AMP Cíclico/metabolismo , Proteína de Unión a Elemento de Respuesta al AMP Cíclico/metabolismo , Depresión/tratamiento farmacológico , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/farmacología , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/química , Simulación del Acoplamiento Molecular , Aceites Volátiles/farmacología , Aceites Volátiles/química , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) are very promising materials with application in many fields, such as sensors, filtration systems, and energy storage devices. This study aims to explore the use of eco-friendly biopolymers for CNF production, finding novel, suitable and sustainable precursors and thus prioritising environmentally conscious processes and ecological compatibility. Polymeric nanofibers (PNFs) using cellulose acetate, polylactic acid, and chitosan as precursors were successfully prepared via electrospinning. Rheological testing was performed to determine suitable solution concentrations for the production of PNFs with controlled diameter and appropriate morphology. Their dimensions and structure were found to be significantly influenced by the solution concentration and electrospinning flow rate. Subsequently, the electrospun green nanofibers were subject to stabilisation and carbonisation to convert them into CNFs. Thermal behaviour and chemical/structural changes of the nanofibers during stabilisation were investigated by means of thermogravimetric analysis and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, while the final morphology of the fibers after stabilisation and carbonisation was examined through scanning electron microscopy to determine the optimal stabilisation parameters. The optimal fabrication parameters for cellulose and chitosan-based CNFs with excellent morphology and thermal stability were successfully established, providing valuable insight and methods for the sustainable and environmentally friendly synthesis of these promising materials.
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Carbono , Celulosa , Quitosano , Nanofibras , Poliésteres , Nanofibras/química , Nanofibras/ultraestructura , Quitosano/química , Celulosa/química , Poliésteres/química , Carbono/química , Tecnología Química Verde/métodos , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier , TermogravimetríaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: To find the factors impacting overall survival (OS) prognosis in patients with endometrioid endometrial carcinoma (EEC) and adenocarcinoma and to establish a nomogram model to validate the 2023 International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology (FIGO) staging system for endometrial cancer. METHODS: Data were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) training cohort. An independent validation cohort was obtained from the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University between 2008 and 2023. Cox regression analysis identified independent prognostic factors for OS in EEC and adenocarcinoma patients. A nomogram predicting OS was developed and validated utilizing the C-index, calibration curves, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA). The relationship between the tumor grade and prognosis of EEC and adenocarcinoma was quantified using net reclassification improvement (NRI), propensity score matching (PSM), and Kaplan-Meier curves. RESULTS: Cox regression analysis identified age, race, marital status, tumor grade, tumor stage, tumor size, and chemotherapy as independent prognostic factors for OS. A nomogram for predicting OS was developed based on these factors. The C-indexes for the OS nomogram was 0.743 and 0.720 for the SEER training set and external validation set, respectively. The area under the ROC (AUC) for the OS nomogram was 0.755, 0.757, and 0.741 for the SEER data subsets and 0.844, 0.719, and 0.743 for the external validation subsets. Calibration plots showed high concordance between the nomogram-predicted and observed OS. DCA also demonstrated the clinical utility of the OS nomogram. NRI, PSM, and survival analyses revealed that tumor grade was the most important histopathological factor for EEC and adenocarcinoma prognosis. CONCLUSION: Seven independent prognostic variables for the OS of patients with EEC and adenocarcinoma were identified. The established OS nomogram has good predictive ability and clinical utility and validates the 2023 endometrial cancer FIGO staging system.
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Adenocarcinoma , Carcinoma Endometrioide , Neoplasias Endometriales , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Nomogramas , Programa de VERF , Humanos , Femenino , Neoplasias Endometriales/patología , Neoplasias Endometriales/mortalidad , Persona de Mediana Edad , Carcinoma Endometrioide/patología , Carcinoma Endometrioide/mortalidad , Adenocarcinoma/patología , Adenocarcinoma/mortalidad , Anciano , Pronóstico , Curva ROC , Clasificación del Tumor , Adulto , Estimación de Kaplan-MeierRESUMEN
Recently, action recognition has attracted considerable attention in the field of computer vision. In dynamic circumstances and complicated backgrounds, there are some problems, such as object occlusion, insufficient light, and weak correlation of human body joints, resulting in skeleton-based human action recognition accuracy being very low. To address this issue, we propose a Multi-View Time-Series Hypergraph Neural Network (MV-TSHGNN) method. The framework is composed of two main parts: the construction of a multi-view time-series hypergraph structure and the learning process of multi-view time-series hypergraph convolutions. Specifically, given the multi-view video sequence frames, we first extract the joint features of actions from different views. Then, limb components and adjacent joints spatial hypergraphs based on the joints of different views at the same time are constructed respectively, temporal hypergraphs are constructed joints of the same view at continuous times, which are established high-order semantic relationships and cooperatively generate complementary action features. After that, we design a multi-view time-series hypergraph neural network to efficiently learn the features of spatial and temporal hypergraphs, and effectively improve the accuracy of skeleton-based action recognition. To evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of MV-TSHGNN, we conduct experiments on NTU RGB+D, NTU RGB+D 120 and imitating traffic police gestures datasets. The experimental results indicate that our proposed method model achieves the new state-of-the-art performance.
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Background: Chloride channel-3 (CLCN3), a crucial component of the voltage-gated chloride channel family, is implicated in numerous physiological and pathophysiological processes. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of CLCN3 in pancancer and its influence on the immune response through the use of a range of databases. Concurrently, we assessed the impact of CLCN3 on the proliferation of ovarian cancer (OC) cells and explored its potential mechanisms. Methods: We employed the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) 2.0 and Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) databases to examine the messenger RNA (mRNA) and the protein expression of CLCN3 across various cancers. The prognostic significance of CLCN3 was evaluated using the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2.0 (GEPIA 2.0) database. The University of Alabama at Birmingham Cancer Data Analysis Portal (UALCAN) facilitated the analysis of CLCN3 promoter methylation levels. The association between CLCN3 expression and tumor-infiltrating immune cells was investigated using various algorithms. The cBioportal database facilitated the analysis of CLCN3 mutations and mutation sites across various cancers. The Tumor-Immune System Interactions Database (TISIDB) database was employed to explore the correlation between CLCN3 expression and immune or molecular subtypes across a variety of cancer types. We collected ovarian tissue samples, encompassing both normal ovarian and OC tissues. The human OC cell lines, SKOV3 cells and OVCAR433 cells, were cultured. CLCN3 expression was determined via reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), while phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt kinase (PI3K/AKT) expression was detected using Western blot. We utilized small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology to suppress CLCN3 expression. The proliferative capacity of SKOV3 and OVCAR433 cells was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK-8) assay. Results: CLCN3 demonstrated an aberrant expression in a number of cancer types and was markedly reduced in OC tissues. Poor prognosis in cervical squamous cell cancer and myeloid leukemia was linked to excessive expression of CLCN3. The examination of immune cell infiltration, which included CD8+ T cells, B cells, T regulatory cells, and cancer-associated fibroblast cells, showed a strong association with aberrant CLCN3 expression. Following the use of siRNA technology, the ability of the ovarian carcinoma cell line SKOV3 and OVCAR433 to proliferate as well as the expression of PI3K/AKT both increased. Conclusions: CLCN3 is a possible biomarker for immune-related processes and the prognosis of cancer, and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway may affect OC cells' ability to proliferate.
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Efficient flotation beneficiation heavily relies on accurate flotation condition recognition based on monitored froth video. However, the recognition accuracy is hindered by limitations of extracting temporal features from froth videos and establishing correlations between complex multi-modal high-order data. To address the difficulties of inadequate temporal feature extraction, inaccurate online condition detection, and inefficient flotation process operation, this paper proposes a novel flotation condition recognition method named the multi-modal temporal hypergraph neural network (MTHGNN) to extract and fuse multi-modal temporal features. To extract abundant dynamic texture features from froth images, the MTHGNN employs an enhanced version of the local binary pattern algorithm from three orthogonal planes (LBP-TOP) and incorporates additional features from the three-dimensional space as supplements. Furthermore, a novel multi-view temporal feature aggregation network (MVResNet) is introduced to extract temporal aggregation features from the froth image sequence. By constructing a temporal multi-modal hypergraph neural network, we encode complex high-order temporal features, establish robust associations between data structures, and flexibly model the features of froth image sequence, thus enabling accurate flotation condition identification through the fusion of multi-modal temporal features. The experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method for flotation condition recognition, providing a foundation for optimizing flotation operations.
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Purpose: Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) can constitute the final pathology of many ocular diseases and result in severe vision loss. Studies have demonstrated that DNA methylation is critical in retinal development, aging, and disorders. The current work investigated the effects and underlying mechanism of 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dC), a suppressor of DNA methylation, in the pathological progression of CNV. Methods: The DNA methylation profiles of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE)/choroidal complexes in normal and laser-induced CNV mice were assessed by Arraystar Mouse RefSeq Promoter Arrays. The CNV area and blood flow density and intensity were observed by optical coherence tomography angiography, and fluorescence leakage was examined by fundus fluorescein angiography in CNV mice with systemic administration of 5-aza-dC. The effects of 5-aza-dC on the biological functions of bEnd.3 cells were estimated by related assays. Notum gene promoter methylation was measured using bisulfite sequencing PCR. Methyltransferases and Wnt signaling-related genes were detected in animal and cell culture experiments by real-time PCR and immunoblot. Results: Methyltransferases were upregulated, but Notum (a secretion inhibitor of Wnt signaling) was downregulated in the RPE/choroidal complexes of mice with experimental CNV. Intraperitoneal injection of 5-aza-dC inactivated the Wnt pathway and ameliorated the lesion area and the intensity and density of blood flow, as well as the degree of leakage in CNV. In vitro, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) stimulation promoted methyltransferases expression and suppressed Notum expression, consequently activating Wnt signaling, whereas exogenous 5-aza-dC reversed VEGFA-induced hyperpermeability, proliferation, migration, and tube formation in bEnd.3 cells via demethylation of Notum promoter. Conclusions: We observed that 5-aza-dC attenuates the growth of CNV by inhibiting the Wnt signaling pathway via promoter demethylation of the Wnt antagonist Notum. These findings provide a theoretical basis for methylation-based treatment with the Notum gene as a potential target for CNV treatment.
Asunto(s)
Neovascularización Coroidal , Vía de Señalización Wnt , Ratones , Animales , Vía de Señalización Wnt/genética , Decitabina/farmacología , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/metabolismo , Células Endoteliales/metabolismo , Neovascularización Coroidal/tratamiento farmacológico , Neovascularización Coroidal/genética , Neovascularización Coroidal/metabolismo , Azacitidina/farmacología , Metiltransferasas , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Ratones Endogámicos C57BLRESUMEN
The isomorphism problem, crucial in network analysis, involves analyzing both low-order and high-order structural information. Graph isomorphism algorithms focus on structural equivalence to simplify solver space, aiding applications like protein design, chemical pathways, and community detection. However, they fall short in capturing complex high-order relationships, unlike hypergraph isomorphism methods. Traditional hypergraph methods face challenges like high memory use and inaccurate identification, leading to poor performance. To overcome these, we introduce a hypergraph Weisfeiler-Lehman (WL) test algorithm, extending the WL test from graphs to hypergraphs, and develop a hypergraph WL kernel framework with two variants: the Hypergraph WL Subtree Kernel and Hypergraph WL Hyperedge Kernel. The Hypergraph WL Subtree Kernel counts different types of rooted subtrees and generates the final feature vector for a given hypergraph by comparing the number of different types of rooted subtrees. The Subtree Kernel identifies different rooted subtrees, while the Hyperedge Kernel focuses on hyperedges' vertex labels, enhancing feature vector generation. In order to fulfill our research objectives, a comprehensive set of experiments was meticulously designed, including seven graph classification datasets and 12 hypergraph classification datasets. Results on graph classification datasets indicate that the Hypergraph WL Subtree Kernel can achieve the same performance compared with the classical Graph Weisfeiler-Lehman Subtree Kernel. Results on hypergraph classification datasets show significant improvements compared to other typical kernel-based methods, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed methods. In our evaluation, our proposed methods outperform the second-best method in terms of runtime, running over 80 times faster when handling complex hypergraph structures. This significant speed advantage highlights the great potential of our methods in real-world applications.
RESUMEN
Motivated by the effect of symmetry breaking in cuprates superconductors YBa[Formula: see text]Cu[Formula: see text]O[Formula: see text], we employ the renormalized mean-field theory to study the presence of uniform superconducting and charge-ordered states in two anisotropic t-J-U models, either with hopping strength anisotropy or antiferromagnetic interaction anisotropy. In the case of uniform superconducting state, compared with the isotropic t-J-U model with only [Formula: see text]-wave superconducting state, there is an additional s-wave superconducting state in the model with hopping strength anisotropy. Meanwhile, the hopping anisotropy may enhance the critical Coulomb interaction [Formula: see text] at the Mott insulator to the Gossamer superconductor transition point, and strong hopping anisotropy may weaken the superconducting state. In the case of a charge-ordered state, hopping anisotropy may suppress the amplitude of the charge density waves and pair density waves, which originate from local Coulomb interactions. These results indicate that the effects of hopping anisotropy and local Coulomb interactions are competitive. Moreover, the antiferromagnetic interaction anisotropy only weakly suppresses the superconducting gap and density wave amplitude. Our results show that the t-J-U model with hopping anisotropy is qualitatively consistent with experimental superconducting pair symmetry and charge density waves in the YBa[Formula: see text]Cu[Formula: see text]O[Formula: see text] system.