RESUMEN
High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is etiologically related to cervical cancer, other anogenital cancers and oropharyngeal carcinomas. Low-risk HPV, especially HPV6 and HPV11, cause genital warts and laryngeal papillomas. However, the accumulating data suggests that HPV6 and HPV11 may cause malignant lesions at non-cervical anatomic sites. This review aims to estimate the proportions of single and dual HPV6/11 infections in multiple cancers reported in the last 10 years in the Cochrane, Embasa and PubMed databases. Secondly, the genomes of HPV6/11 were compared with the most common high-risk genotype, HPV16, to determine the similarities and differences. A total of 11 articles were selected, including between one and 334 HPV+ cancer patients. The frequencies of single or dual HPV6/11 infections ranged between 0-5.5% for penile and 0-87.5% for laryngeal cancers and were null for vulvar, vaginal and oral cancers. The genomic similarities between HPV6/11 and HPV16 mainly involved the E7 gene, indicating a limited ability to block cell differentiation. The presence of single or dual HPV6/11 infections in variable proportions of penile and laryngeal cancers support the vaccination strategies that cover these genotypes, not only for preventing genital warts but also for cancer prevention. Other risk factors and co-carcinogens are likely to participate in epithelial carcinogenesis associated with low-risk HPV.
RESUMEN
A growing proportion of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCC) are associated with infection by high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV). For reasons that remain largely unknown, HPV+OPSCC is significantly more common in men than in women. This study aims to determine the incidence of OPSCC in male and female HPV16-transgenic mice and to explore the role of female sex hormone receptors in the sexual predisposition for HPV+ OPSCC. The tongues of 30-weeks-old HPV16-transgenic male (n = 80) and female (n = 90) and matched wild-type male (n = 10) and female (n = 10) FVB/n mice were screened histologically for intraepithelial and invasive lesions in 2017 at the Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Portugal. Expression of estrogen receptors alpha (ERα) and beta (ERß), progesterone receptors (PR) and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) was studied immunohistochemically. Collagen remodeling was studied using picrosirius red. Female mice showed robust ERα and ERß expression in intraepithelial and invasive lesions, which was accompanied by strong MMP2 expression and marked collagen remodeling. Male mice showed minimal ERα, ERß and MMP2 expression and unaltered collagen patterns. These results confirm the association of HPV16 with tongue base cancer in both sexes. The higher cancer incidence in female versus male mice contrasts with data from OPSCC patients and is associated with enhanced ER expression via MMP2 upregulation.
RESUMEN
Resumo Introdução e Objetivo: Há necessidade de trabalhos envolvendo crianças submetidas à abordagem odontológica em ambiente hospitalar para relatar as características clínicas das crianças atendidas pelo Serviço de Odontologia da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica (UTIPed) de um hospital de referência do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Registrar das condições bucais das crianças e tratamentos realizados pela equipe de profissionais em Odontologia. Materiais e métodos: estudo descritivo retrospectivo, através de resgate de prontuários e os resultados foram tabulados e analisados por meio de diferença percentual. A amostra foi composta por 145 pacientes de 0 a 15 anos de idade atendidos e acompanhados pelo serviço de Odontologia da UTIPed no período de setembro 2016 a novembro 2017. Os pacientes foram analisados quanto gênero, idade, motivo da internação, nível de consciência, condição das vias aéreas, processos patológicos na cavidade bucal, procedimentos odontológicos realizados, material de higiene bucal utilizado e presença de PAV. Resultados: Os pacientes encontravam-se na faixa etária de menor que 1 ano até 17 anos, sendo mais frequente o sexo feminino (54,48%). Em relação à procedência 94 (64,23%) eram pacientes internos do Hospital Universitário e 51 (35,77%) foram transferidos de outros hospitais. Ao avaliarmos as condições de saúde bucal, 45,83% dos pacientes apresentavam higiene bucal satisfatória, 45,14% regular e 9,03% deficiente. Em relação às condições da mucosa bucal, apenas 5,52% dos pacientes apresentaram alterações, destas, 3,45% já se encontravam no momento da admissão. Conclusão: Verificou-se que as crianças hospitalizadas em UTI Pediátrica podem apresentar alterações em mucosa bucal desde o momento da admissão, sendo mandatória a presença constante do Cirurgião-dentista na equipe da UTI para tratar e proporcionar uma maior adesão aos cuidados bucais a estes pacientes.
Abstract Introduction and Objective: There is need for papers involving children undergoing dental approach in hospital environment to report the clinical characteristics of the children attended by the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Dentistry Service of a reference hospital of the Unified Health System (SUS) To record the oral conditions of the children and treatments performed by the team of professionals in Dentistry. Materials and methods: retrospective descriptive study, through retrieval of medical records and results were tabulated and analyzed by means of percentage difference. The sample consisted of 145 patients from 0 to 15 years of age attended and followed up by the UTIPed Dentistry service from September 2016 to November 2017. Patients were analyzed for gender, age, reason for hospitalization, level of consciousness, condition of the airways, pathological processes in the oral cavity, dental procedures performed, oral hygiene material used and presence of PAV. Results: Patients were in the age range of less than 1 year up to 17 years, with females being more frequent (54.48%). Regarding the origin 94 (64.23) were internal patients of the University Hospital and 51 (35.77%) were transferred from other hospitals. When we evaluated the oral health conditions, 45.83% of the patients presented satisfactory oral hygiene, 45.14% regular and 9.03% deficient. Regarding oral mucosa conditions, only 5.52% of the patients presented alterations, of which, 3.45% were already on admission. Conclusion: It was verified that the children hospitalized in Pediatric ICU may present changes in the oral mucosa from the moment of admission, being mandatory the constant presence of the dentist in the ICU team to treat and provide a greater adherence to the oral care of these patients.
Resumen Introducción y Objetivo: Es necesario trabajos que impliquen enfoque dental en ambiente de hospital para relatar las características clínicas de los niños atendidos por el Servicio de Odontología de la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátrica de un hospital de referencia del Sistema Único de Salud (SUS). Registrar las condiciones bucales de los niños y tratamientos realizados por el equipo de profesionales en Odontología. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo retrospectivo, a través de historias clínicas; los resultados fueron tabulados y analizados por medio de diferencia porcentual. La muestra fue compuesta por 145 pacientes de 0 a 15 años de edad atendidos y acompañados por el servicio de Odontología de la UTIPed en el período de septiembre de 2016 a noviembre de 2017. Los datos fueron analizados de acuerdo con el género, edad, motivo de la internación, nivel de conciencia, condición de las vías aéreas, procesos patológicos en la cavidad bucal, procedimientos odontológicos realizados, instrumentos de higiene bucal utilizado y presencia de pneumonía associada a la ventilación mecánica. Resultados: Los pacientes se encontraban en el grupo de edad de menos de 1 año hasta 17 años, siendo más frecuente el sexo femenino (54,48). En relación a la procedencia 94 (64,23%) eran pacientes internos del Hospital Universitario y 51 (35,77%) fueron transferidos de otros hospitales. Al evaluar las condiciones de salud bucal, el 45,83% de los pacientes presentaban higiene bucal satisfactoria, el 45,14% regular y el 9,03% deficiente. En cuanto a las condiciones de la mucosa bucal, sólo el 5,52% de los pacientes presentaron alteraciones, de ellas, el 3,45% ya se encontraban en el momento de la admisión. Conclusión: Se verificó que los niños hospitalizados em la UTIPed pueden presentar alteraciones en mucosa bucal desde el momento de la admisión, siendo obligatoria la presencia constante del Cirujano-dentista en el equipo de la UTI para tratar y proporcionar una mayor adhesión a los cuidados bucales a estos pacientes.
RESUMEN
El objetivo de esta investigación fue describir la mordida cruzada analizando su prevalencia y aspectos relativos a sus modalidades, el genero, la edad, el factor etiológico, la raza y la clasificación de Angle. La muestra fue constituida de 623 pacientes pre - ortodóncicos de consultorios odontológicos e instituciones de enseñanza de odontología de São Luís, estado de Maranhão - Brasil, en el grupo etario de 8 a 15 años. Fue realizado un análisis descriptivo de los datos los cuales fueron sometidos a la prueba del Chi- cuadrado. Los resultados encontrados mostraron que: a) la prevalencia de mordida cruzada fue de 29,05%, la mordida cruzada anterior la más frecuente, con 12,05%; b) no hubo asociación significativa de la mordida cruzada con el raza, género, edad y local de tratamiento; c) portadores de maloclusión clase III fueron los más afectados observándose asociación significativa de la mordida cruzada con esa variable; d) el apiñamiento fue el factor etiológico más registrado. Se concluyó que la prevalencia de mordida cruzada fue elevada y la procura de tratamiento parece estar más relacionada con la cuestión estética
The purpose of this research is to study crossbites, analyzing their prevalence and aspects relative to modality, gender, age, etiologic factor, race, and Angle Classification. The sample consisted of 623 preorthodontic patients from private dental offices and dental educational institutions of São Luís, the state of Maranhão, Brazil, between the ages of 8- and 15- years-old. A descriptive analysis was carried out and the data were submitted to the chi-square test. The results showed that: a) the prevalence of crossbite was 29.05%, being anterior crossbite the most frequent type, with 12.05%; b) there was no significant association of crosssbite with race, gender, age and place of treatment; c) Class III malocclusion patients were the most affected with crossbites, demonstrating association between these variables. It was concluded that the prevalence of crossbite was elevated and the demand seems to be more related to esthetic concerns
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Femenino , Registro de la Relación Maxilomandibular , Maloclusión/diagnóstico , Ortodoncia Correctiva , Odontología Pediátrica , Odontología Preventiva , Salud PúblicaRESUMEN
Los terceros molares presentan características muy particulares referentes a la erupción, inclusión, y complicaciones que requieren una evaluación clínica y radiológica más detallada para definir mejor el diagnostico y tratamiento cuando necesario. El objetivo era investigar la prevalencia de los terceros molares incluidos en estudiantes de una escuela pública de la ciudad de São Luís - Maranhão. Fue realizado un estudio transversal descriptivo de las características clínicas y radiológicas de los terceros molares de 155 estudiantes desde los 18 a los 21 años de edad de ambos sexos de un Instituto Federal de Educación Tecnológica de Maranhão. Los molares presentes con rizogénesis completa fueron clasificados según su nivel de inclusión. Todos los datos fueron registrados en historias clínicas propias, tablas del EPI - INFO 2000 y sometidos al test chi-cuadrado para verificar la existencia de asociaciones entre las variables del estudio, con un nivel significativo del 5%. De una población de 155 estudiantes, se obtuvo 531 (85,6%) terceros molares presentes y 89 (14,4%) terceros molares ausentes. De aquellos presentes 462 (87%) terceros molares fueron evaluados en cuanto a su nivel de inclusión. De estos, 239 (51,7%) se encontraban en algún estadio de la fase de inclusión, siendo que 201 (84,1%) estaban parcialmente incluidos y 38 (15,9%) totalmente incluidos. Hubo asociación positiva entre dientes incluidos y terceros molares (p = 0.0015). Los molares incluidos fueron una condición frecuente en la muestra (51%), donde fueron observados terceros molares en distintas fases de inclusión
Third molars have characteristics that are very peculiar regarding the eruption, inclusion and complications. Accordingly, they often require particular clinical and radiological assessments, in order to better define diagnosis and treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dental inclusions of the third molars within students from a public school in São Luís - Maranhão. We conducted a transverse, descriptive study assessing the clinical characteristics, as well as the radiographies of the third molars, from 155 students (ages from 18-21 years, both genders), from the Federal Institute of Technological Education, in Maranhão. Teeth with complete rhizogeneses were classified according to different inclusion state. Data were transferred to summary files, and then entered in a database (EPI-INFO 2000). Groups were compared using the Chi-Square test in order to assess associations among the study variables. Significance level was established in 5%. Among 155 students, 531 (85.6%) teeth were present, and 89 (14.4%) were not. Among the present, 462 (87%) third molars were assessed according to the inclusion pattern. From them, 239 (51.7%) were in any inclusion state, while (84.1%) had partial inclusion and 38 (15,9%) in total inclusion We found a positive association between dental inclusion and third molars (p=0.0015). Dental inclusion was frequent in our sample (51%), where we observed third molars in different patterns of inclusion