We aimed to determine the potential value of panel-based pharmacogenetic (PGx) testing in patients with chronic pain or gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) who underwent single-gene PGx testing to guide opioid or proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy, respectively. Of 448 patients included (chronic pain, n = 337; GERD, n = 111), mean age was 57 years, 68% were female, and 73% were white. Excluding opiates for the pain cohort and PPIs for the GERD cohort, 76.6% of patients with pain and 71.2% with GERD were prescribed at least one additional medication with a high level of PGx evidence, most commonly ondansetron or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. The most common genes that could inform PGx drug prescribing were CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2C9, and SLCO1B1. Our findings suggest that patients with chronic pain or GERD are commonly prescribed drugs with a high level of evidence for a PGx-guided approach, supporting panel-based testing in these populations.
Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use , Chronic Pain/drug therapy , Gastroesophageal Reflux/drug therapy , Pharmacogenomic Testing , Pharmacogenomic Variants , Precision Medicine , Proton Pump Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Adult , Aged , Analgesics, Opioid/adverse effects , Chronic Pain/diagnosis , Chronic Pain/genetics , Clinical Decision-Making , Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19/genetics , Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9/genetics , Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6/genetics , Female , Gastroesophageal Reflux/diagnosis , Gastroesophageal Reflux/genetics , Humans , Liver-Specific Organic Anion Transporter 1/genetics , Male , Middle Aged , Pharmacogenetics , Pragmatic Clinical Trials as Topic , Predictive Value of Tests , Proton Pump Inhibitors/adverse effects
