[From involuntary restraint to the subject "containing himself"]. / De la contention involontaire au sujet "se contenant".

An alternative approach to restraint in psychiatry? The literature on the use of restraint in psychiatry reveals that it is mainly used against patients' will. An alternative way of restraining a patient in anticipation of a crisis situation is proposed through the calming effect of holding (psychoanalytical concept) and sensory integration (neurosciences). Offering patients a method of "voluntary restraint" could partly restore their autonomy.

[The philosophical lessons of Covid-19]. / Les leçons philosophiques de la Covid-19.

Quelles leçons conceptuelles tirer de la crise sanitaire ? Si nous avons encore peu de recul sur cet épisode, plusieurs pistes se dessinent : nouvelle narration collective de l'événement, banalisation de l'état d'exception, prolifération de l'information, présence renforcée de la science dans le débat, intolérance au risque et à la mort… Autant d'éléments qui posent les jalons d'un nouveau paradigme encore en cours de construction.

[The philosophical clinical approach to burnout in caregivers in the light of Covid-19]. / La clinique philosophique du burn out des soignants à la lumière de la Covid-19.

The crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic has highlighted the risks of burnout in caregivers and more specifically the question of ethical suffering. A philosophical clinical approach to burnout enables it to be analysed as a form of existential suffering linked to our shared vulnerability, as well as to more socio-organisational failings.

L'enseignement des humanités dans les facultés de médecine françaises.

When medicine and humanities are dissociated and then reconciled, what is the meaning of "medical humanities" today? What are the strengths and weaknesses of the French system? At a time when the link between the humanities and medicine seems more distended than ever, ten recommendations for developing and changing the way future doctors look at things are presented.

[Peer network for the therapeutic education of patients with type 2 diabetes in Mali]. / Un réseau de pairs pour l'éducation thérapeutique des patients atteints de diabète de type 2 au Mali.

Despite numerous health challenges, African healthcare systems are faced with limited financial and human resources. In this context, the epidemiological transition witnessing an explosion in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases, particularly diabetes, there are tremendous challenges to be met. Given the lack of human resources in these health systems, therapeutic education relies on networks of trained peer educator patients who also provide significant psychosocial support.

[Care, at the foundation of healthcare and social care]. / Le care, au fondement du sanitaire et du social.

The ethics of 'care' invites us to found a concept of autonomy which is not disconnected from that of vulnerability. Originally arising from a 'feminine' gendered approach to morality, the notion of 'care' has become more extensive to define a more complex model of justice, inclined to show that there is no habitable world which does not involve the question of 'concern': in other words, it is only habitable on the condition of having been previously, and continuously, taken care of.

[Caution and compassion in nursing care]. / Prudence et sollicitude dans le soin.

Caution and compassion are two terms which evoke the ambivalence of the care relationship, the proper distance to maintain, the empathy to put in place, the trust. It is also important for health professionals not to let themselves be overwhelmed by patients, who may themselves be overwhelmed by their disease.

[Including recovery in the care pathway after cancer]. / Après un cancer, inclure le rétablissement dans le parcours de soins.

The period after cancer treatments have finished requires personalised services and support, based on the theoretical and clinical concept of recovery. The recovery phase comprises several dimensions: it is not because a patient is in remission or declared medically cured that he or she has recovered.

[Occupational health in China, an emerging issue]. / La santé au travail en Chine, une préoccupation naissante.

In Chinese factories, the prevention of occupational illness is inadequate. Public authorities have only recently started to pay attention to the issue. Individual and collective protection measures need to be developed, employees made aware of the issues and controls improved.

[Simulation in health to improve the delivery of care]. / La simulation en santé pour mieux soigner.

Simulation in health care is a very effective training tool. Using mannequins, 'standardised patients' or virtual care environments, it encourages participants to reflect on nursing practices while practising in a safe and controlled space.

[Mistreatment of students in hospitals]. / La maltraitance des étudiants à l'hôpital.

Health care students are abused and mistreated in hospital: humiliation, harassment and bullying of all sorts are daily occurrences, in a highly competitive universe and difficult working environment. It is time for the managerial policy of hospitals to consider the human factor and the well-being of employees and students.

[The shared nursing function]. / La fonction soignante en partage.

The Chair of Philosophy at Hôtel-Dieu hospital in Paris, is a place for the sharing of knowledge and recognition. It provides a place where the subjective, institutional and political dimension of care can be considered, by all stakeholders: patients, nurses, families and citizens. The aim is to invent a shared nursing function.