RESUMEN
We evaluated the safety and feasibility of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells to treat endoscopically urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy in men or female stress urinary. We designed two prospective, nonrandomized phase I-IIa clinical trials of urinary incontinence involving 9 men (8 treated) and 10 women to test the feasibility and safety of autologous mesenchymal stem cells for this use. Cells were obtained from liposuction containing 150 to 200 g of fat performed on every patient. After 4 to 6 weeks and under sedation, endoscopic intraurethral injection of the cells was performed. On each visit (baseline, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months), clinical parameters were measured, and blood samples, urine culture, and uroflowmetry were performed. Every patient underwent an urethrocystoscopy and urodynamic studies on the first and last visit. Data from pad test, quality-of-life and incontinence questionnaires, and pads used per day were collected at every visit. Statistical analysis was done by Wilcoxon signed-rank test. No adverse effects were observed. Three men (37.5%) and five women (50%) showed an objective improvement of >50% (P < .05) and a subjective improvement of 70% to 80% from baseline. In conclusion, intraurethral application of stem cells derived from adipose tissue is a safe and feasible procedure to treat urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy or in female stress urinary incontinence. A statistically significant difference was obtained for pad-test improvement in 3/8 men and 5/10 women. Our results encourage studies to confirm safety and to analyze efficacy.