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Natural dyes and pigments offer incomparable diversity of structures and functionalities, making them an excellent source of inspiration for the design and development of synthetic chromophores with a myriad of emerging properties. Formed during maturation of red wines, pyranoanthocyanins are electron-deficient cationic pyranoflavylium dyes with broad absorption in the visible spectral region and pronounced chemical and photostability. Herein, we survey the optical and electrochemical properties of synthetic pyranoflavylium dyes functionalized with different electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups, which vary their reduction potentials over a range of about 400 mV. Despite their highly electron-deficient cores, the exploration of pyranoflavyliums as photosensitizers has been limited to the "classical" n-type dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) where they act as electron donors. In light of their electrochemical and spectroscopic properties, however, these biomimetic synthetic dyes should prove to be immensely beneficial as chromophores in p-type DSSCs, where their ability to act as photooxidants, along with their pronounced photostability, can benefit key advances in solar-energy science and engineering.
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Aim: Left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) is perceived as a rare high-risk cardiomyopathy characterized by excess left ventricular (LV) trabeculation. However, there is increasing evidence contesting the clinical significance of LV hyper-trabeculation and the existence of LVNC as a distinct cardiomyopathy. The aim of this study is to assess the association of LV trabeculation extent with cardiovascular morbidity and all-cause mortality in patients undergoing clinical cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) scans across 57 European centers from the EuroCMR registry. Methods and Results: We studied 822 randomly selected cases from the EuroCMR registry. Image acquisition was according to international guidelines. We manually segmented images for LV chamber quantification and measurement of LV trabeculation (as per Petersen criteria). We report the association between LV trabeculation extent and important cardiovascular morbidities (stroke, atrial fibrillation, heart failure) and all-cause mortality prospectively recorded over 404 ± 82 days of follow-up. Maximal non-compaction to compaction ratio (NC/C) was mean (standard deviation) 1.81 ± 0.67, from these, 17% were above the threshold for hyper-trabeculation (NC/C > 2.3). LV trabeculation extent was not associated with increased risk of the defined outcomes (morbidities, mortality, LV CMR indices) in the whole cohort, or in sub-analyses of individuals without ischaemic heart disease, or those with NC/C > 2.3. Conclusion: Among 882 patients undergoing clinical CMR, excess LV trabeculation was not associated with a range of important cardiovascular morbidities or all-cause mortality over ~12 months of prospective follow-up. These findings suggest that LV hyper-trabeculation alone is not an indicator for worse cardiovascular prognosis.
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BACKGROUND: Vaccine hesitancy is an emerging phenomenon particularly in industrialized nations. It has led to repeated epidemic outbreaks of otherwise vaccine-preventable, infectious diseases. Compared to other countries very low rates of influenza and measles vaccination rates have been reported in Austria. METHODS: We performed a single-center cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey. A total of 350 adult patients attending our emergency room participated in this survey. We assessed knowledge and attitudes towards vaccination and the associated infectious diseases. RESULTS: Out of 350 participants 40 (11.4 %) declared that they deliberately refused vaccinations. Most common reasons for non-vaccination were fear of adverse effects (35.9 %), doubt of effectiveness of vaccines (35.9 %) and distrust towards the pharmaceutical industry (23.1 %). Of all 350 participants only 148 (42.3 %) thought themselves to be sufficiently informed about national vaccination recommendations as stated in the Austrian National Vaccination Program (ANVP). General practitioners (GP) were the primary source of healthcare-related information for 256 (73.1 %) participants. Furthermore, GPs as well as hospital-based physicians achieved the highest level of trust in this study population. CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study underline the necessity of comprehensive informational campaigns on the merits of vaccination. A lack of knowledge about the benefits of vaccination, uncertainty and unfounded fears seem to prevent the achievement of recommended vaccination rates. Family GPs enjoyed the highest levels of trust in our study population. We believe that additional information communicated by GPs could help boost the low vaccination rates. This study underlines the important role of primary care practitioners in informing patients about vaccines and healthcare topics.
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Actitud Frente a la Salud , Alfabetización en Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Aceptación de la Atención de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Negativa a la Vacunación/estadística & datos numéricos , Vacunación/estadística & datos numéricos , Virosis/psicología , Austria/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Escolaridad , Femenino , Encuestas de Atención de la Salud , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Aceptación de la Atención de Salud/psicología , Distribución por Sexo , Confianza/psicología , Vacunación/psicología , Negativa a la Vacunación/psicología , Virosis/epidemiología , Virosis/prevención & controlRESUMEN
A 43-year-old woman, after resected adenocarcinoma of the ampulla of Vater, presented dyspnoea and beginning signs of right heart failure. Echocardiography revealed a mass within the right ventricle (RV) suspicious for a metastasis of the known adenocarcinoma. The decision for surgical resection was made by cardiovascular MR, which was able to delineate the infiltrative growth of a metastasis. An extensive resection had to be performed. Parts of the intraventricular septum as well as the tricuspid valve had to be resected. After six cycles of adjuvant systemic chemotherapy with gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel, the patient had no macroscopic tumour recurrence. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a pancreatobiliary tumour metastasising exclusively to the RV of the heart. We conclude that in this special case aggressive surgical management following chemotherapy was very effective in controlling the disseminated adenocarcinoma of the ampulla of Vater.
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Ampolla Hepatopancreática/patología , Neoplasias del Conducto Colédoco/patología , Neoplasias Cardíacas/secundario , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/patología , Adenocarcinoma/patología , Adulto , Albúminas/administración & dosificación , Ampolla Hepatopancreática/cirugía , Quimioterapia Adyuvante , Neoplasias del Conducto Colédoco/cirugía , Desoxicitidina/administración & dosificación , Desoxicitidina/análogos & derivados , Femenino , Neoplasias Cardíacas/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Cardíacas/cirugía , Ventrículos Cardíacos/cirugía , Humanos , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/cirugía , Paclitaxel/administración & dosificación , GemcitabinaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: World Health Organization (WHO) estimates for deaths attributed to Non Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in Nepal have risen from 51% in 2010 to 60% in 2014. This study assessed the distribution and determinants of NCD risk factors among the Nepalese adult population. METHODS AND FINDINGS: A nationally representative cross-sectional survey was conducted from Jan to June 2013 on the prevalence of NCD risk factors using the WHO NCD STEPS instrument. A multistage cluster sampling method was used to randomly select the 4,200 respondents. The adjusted prevalence ratio (APR) was used to assess the determinants of NCD risk factors using a Poisson regression model. The prevalence of current smoking (last 30 days) was 19% (95%CI:16.6-20.6), and harmful alcohol consumption (≥60 g of pure alcohol for men and ≥40 g of pure alcohol for women on an average day) was 2% (95%CI:1.4-2.9). Almost all (99%, 95%CI:98.3-99.3) of the respondents consumed less than five servings of fruits and vegetables combined on an average day and 3% (95%CI:2.7-4.3) had low physical activity. Around 21% (95%CI:19.3-23.7) were overweight or obese (BMI≥25). The prevalence of raised blood pressure (SBP≥140 mm of Hg or DBP≥90 mm of Hg) and raised blood glucose (fasting blood glucose ≥126 mg/dl), including those on medication were 26% (95%CI:23.6-28.0) and 4% (95%CI:2.9-4.5) respectively. Almost one quarter of respondents, 23% (95%CI:20.5-24.9), had raised total cholesterol (total cholesterol ≥190 mg/dl or under current medication for raised cholesterol). he study revealed a lower prevalence of smoking among women than men (APR:0.30; 95%CI:0.25-0.36), and in those who had higher education levels compared to those with no formal education (APR:0.39; 95%CI:0.26-0.58). Harmful alcohol use was also lower in women than men (APR:0.26; 95%CI:0.14-0.48), and in Terai residents compared to hill residents (APR:0.16; 95%CI:0.07-0.36). Physical inactivity was lower among women than men (APR:0.55; 95%CI:0.38-0.80), however women were significantly more overweight and obese (APR:1.19; 95%CI:1.02-1.39). Being overweight or obese was significantly less prevalent in mountain residents than in hill residents (APR:0.41; 95%CI:0.21-0.80), and in rural compared to urban residents (APR:1.39; 95%CI:1.15-1.67). Lower prevalence of raised blood pressure was observed among women than men (APR:0.69; 95%CI: 0.60-0.80). Higher prevalence of raised blood glucose was observed among urban residents compared to rural residents (APR:2.05; 95%CI:1.29-3.25). A higher prevalence of raised total cholesterol was observed among the respondents having higher education levels compared to those respondents having no formal education (APR:1.76; 95%CI:1.35-2.28). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of low fruit and vegetable consumption, overweight and obesity, raised blood pressure and raised total cholesterol is markedly high among the Nepalese population, with variation by demographic and ecological factors and urbanization. Prevention, treatment and control of NCDs and their risk factors in Nepal is an emerging public health problem in the country, and targeted interventions with a multi-sectoral approach need to be urgently implemented.
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Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/epidemiología , Hipertensión/epidemiología , Sobrepeso/epidemiología , Fumar/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Glucemia/análisis , Colesterol/sangre , Estudios Transversales , Dieta , Femenino , Encuestas Epidemiológicas , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Nepal/epidemiología , Obesidad/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Población Rural , Factores Socioeconómicos , Adulto JovenAsunto(s)
Aorta/fisiopatología , Enfermedades de la Aorta/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de la Aorta/terapia , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Cardiovascular/normas , Procedimientos Endovasculares/normas , Guías de Práctica Clínica como Asunto , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Vasculares/normas , Fármacos Cardiovasculares/uso terapéutico , Europa (Continente) , Humanos , Sociedades MédicasAsunto(s)
Aorta Abdominal , Aorta Torácica , Enfermedades de la Aorta/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de la Aorta/terapia , Enfermedad Aguda , Factores de Edad , Disección Aórtica/diagnóstico , Disección Aórtica/terapia , Aneurisma Falso/diagnóstico , Aneurisma Falso/terapia , Aorta Abdominal/lesiones , Aorta Torácica/lesiones , Enfermedades de la Aorta/complicaciones , Válvula Aórtica , Aterosclerosis/diagnóstico , Aterosclerosis/terapia , Enfermedad de la Válvula Aórtica Bicúspide , Fármacos Cardiovasculares/uso terapéutico , Técnicas de Laboratorio Clínico/métodos , Diagnóstico por Imagen/métodos , Diagnóstico Precoz , Procedimientos Endovasculares/métodos , Femenino , Enfermedades Genéticas Congénitas/complicaciones , Cardiopatías Congénitas/diagnóstico , Cardiopatías Congénitas/terapia , Enfermedades de las Válvulas Cardíacas/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de las Válvulas Cardíacas/terapia , Hematoma/diagnóstico , Hematoma/terapia , Humanos , Cuidados a Largo Plazo/métodos , Masculino , Neoplasias de Tejido Vascular/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de Tejido Vascular/terapia , Examen Físico/métodos , Factores de Riesgo , Calcificación Vascular/diagnóstico , Calcificación Vascular/terapia , Rigidez Vascular/fisiología , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Vasculares/métodosRESUMEN
Implantations of cardiac devices therapies and ablation procedures frequently depend on accurate and reliable imaging modalities for pre-procedural assessments, intra-procedural guidance, detection of complications, and the follow-up of patients. An understanding of echocardiography, cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, nuclear cardiology, X-ray computed tomography, positron emission tomography, and vascular ultrasound is indispensable for cardiologists, electrophysiologists as well as radiologists, and it is currently recommended that physicians should be trained in several imaging modalities. There are, however, no current guidelines or recommendations by electrophysiologists, cardiac imaging specialists, and radiologists, on the appropriate use of cardiovascular imaging for selected patient indications, which needs to be addressed. A Policy Conference on the use of imaging in electrophysiology and device management, with representatives from different expert areas of radiology and electrophysiology and commercial developers of imaging and device technologies, was therefore jointly organized by European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA), the Council of Cardiovascular Imaging and the European Society of Cardiac Radiology (ESCR). The objectives were to assess the state of the level of evidence and a first step towards a consensus document for currently employed imaging techniques to guide future clinical use, to elucidate the issue of reimbursement structures and health economy, and finally to define the need for appropriate educational programmes to ensure clinical competence for electrophysiologists, imaging specialists, and radiologists.
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Estimulación Cardíaca Artificial/normas , Cardiología/normas , Ablación por Catéter/normas , Diagnóstico por Imagen/normas , Cardioversión Eléctrica/normas , Técnicas Electrofisiológicas Cardíacas/normas , Sociedades Médicas/normas , Estimulación Cardíaca Artificial/economía , Cardiología/economía , Cardiología/educación , Ablación por Catéter/economía , Consenso , Análisis Costo-Beneficio , Desfibriladores Implantables/normas , Diagnóstico por Imagen/economía , Diagnóstico por Imagen/métodos , Educación Médica , Cardioversión Eléctrica/economía , Cardioversión Eléctrica/instrumentación , Técnicas Electrofisiológicas Cardíacas/economía , Europa (Continente) , Medicina Basada en la Evidencia , Costos de la Atención en Salud , Humanos , Reembolso de Seguro de Salud , Marcapaso Artificial/normasRESUMEN
The annual meeting of the European Association of Echocardiography (Euroecho and other Imaging Modalities) was held in Athens, Greece. In the present paper, we present a summary of the 'Highlights' session.
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Ecocardiografía , Congresos como Asunto , Europa (Continente) , Grecia , Humanos , Sociedades MédicasRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The EuroCMR registry sought to evaluate indications, image quality, safety and impact on patient management of clinical routine CMR in a multi-national European setting. Furthermore, interim analysis of the specific protocols should underscore the prognostic potential of CMR. METHODS: Multi-center registry with consecutive enrolment of patients in 57 centers in 15 countries. More than 27000 consecutive patients were enrolled. RESULTS: The most important indications were risk stratification in suspected CAD/Ischemia (34.2%), workup of myocarditis/cardiomyopathies (32.2%), as well as assessment of viability (14.6%). Image quality was diagnostic in more than 98% of cases. Severe complications occurred in 0.026%, always associated with stress testing. No patient died during or due to CMR. In 61.8% CMR findings impacted on patient management. Importantly, in nearly 8.7% the final diagnosis based on CMR was different to the diagnosis before CMR, leading to a complete change in management. Interim analysis of suspected CAD and risk stratification in HCM specific protocols revealed a low rate of adverse events for suspected CAD patients with normal stress CMR (1.0% per year), and for HCM patients without LGE (2.7% per year). CONCLUSION: The most important indications in Europe are risk stratification in suspected CAD/Ischemia, work-up of myocarditis and cardiomyopathies, as well as assessment of viability. CMR imaging is a safe procedure, has diagnostic image quality in more than 98% of cases, and its results have strong impact on patient management. Interim analyses of the specific protocols underscore the prognostic value of clinical routine CMR in CAD and HCM.
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Cardiopatías/diagnóstico , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Anciano , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Europa (Continente) , Femenino , Cardiopatías/mortalidad , Cardiopatías/patología , Cardiopatías/fisiopatología , Cardiopatías/terapia , Humanos , Estimación de Kaplan-Meier , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/efectos adversos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Miocardio/patología , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Pronóstico , Sistema de Registros , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Supervivencia TisularRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has favorable characteristics for diagnostic evaluation and risk stratification of patients with known or suspected CAD. CMR utilization in CAD detection is growing fast. However, data on its cost-effectiveness are scarce. The goal of this study is to compare the costs of two strategies for detection of significant coronary artery stenoses in patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD): 1) Performing CMR first to assess myocardial ischemia and/or infarct scar before referring positive patients (defined as presence of ischemia and/or infarct scar to coronary angiography (CXA) versus 2) a hypothetical CXA performed in all patients as a single test to detect CAD. METHODS: A subgroup of the European CMR pilot registry was used including 2,717 consecutive patients who underwent stress-CMR. From these patients, 21% were positive for CAD (ischemia and/or infarct scar), 73% negative, and 6% uncertain and underwent additional testing. The diagnostic costs were evaluated using invoicing costs of each test performed. Costs analysis was performed from a health care payer perspective in German, United Kingdom, Swiss, and United States health care settings. RESULTS: In the public sectors of the German, United Kingdom, and Swiss health care systems, cost savings from the CMR-driven strategy were 50%, 25% and 23%, respectively, versus outpatient CXA. If CXA was carried out as an inpatient procedure, cost savings were 46%, 50% and 48%, respectively. In the United States context, cost savings were 51% when compared with inpatient CXA, but higher for CMR by 8% versus outpatient CXA. CONCLUSION: This analysis suggests that from an economic perspective, the use of CMR should be encouraged as a management option for patients with suspected CAD.
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Angiografía Coronaria/economía , Estenosis Coronaria/diagnóstico , Estenosis Coronaria/economía , Atención a la Salud/economía , Costos de la Atención en Salud , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/economía , Anciano , Atención Ambulatoria/economía , Estenosis Coronaria/diagnóstico por imagen , Análisis Costo-Beneficio , Europa (Continente) , Femenino , Costos de Hospital , Humanos , Seguro de Salud/economía , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Modelos Económicos , Proyectos Piloto , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Pronóstico , Sector Público/economía , Derivación y Consulta/economía , Sistema de Registros , Medicina Estatal/economía , Estados UnidosRESUMEN
We report on the first documented outbreak of leptospirosis in Austria. In July 2010, four cases of serologically confirmed leptospirosis occurred in athletes after a triathlon held in Langau. Heavy rains preceded the triathlon (rainfall: 22 mm). The index case (Patient A) was a 41-year-old previously healthy male, who was admitted to hospital A on July 8 with a four-day history of fever up to 40°C that began 14 days after attending the triathlon event. On July 7, patient B, a 42-year-old male, was admitted to the same hospital, with signs and symptoms of kidney failure. Hemodialysis was performed every other day for 3 weeks. While the serum drawn on the day of admission was negative for antibodies against Leptospira, a specimen from July 28 tested positive with Leptospira interrogans. On July 11, patient C, a 40-year-old male, was admitted to hospital B for nephritis. On July 14, patient D, a 44-year-old male, was admitted to hospital C with a ten days history of intermittent fever, mild dry cough and headache. Our report underlines that in Austria recreational users of bodies of freshwater must be aware of an existing risk of contracting leptospirosis, particularly after heavy rains. The suppressive influence of a triathlon on the immune system is well documented and therefore an outbreak in this population group can be seen as a sensitive indicator concerning possible risk for the general population.
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Brotes de Enfermedades/estadística & datos numéricos , Reservorios de Enfermedades/estadística & datos numéricos , Leptospirosis/epidemiología , Vigilancia de la Población , Natación/estadística & datos numéricos , Atletismo/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto , Austria/epidemiología , Humanos , Incidencia , Masculino , Medición de Riesgo/métodos , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess the frequency, manifestation, and severity of acute adverse reactions associated with administration of several gadolinium-based contrast agents to patients who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging in the EuroCMR (European Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance) Registry multinational and multicenter setting. BACKGROUND: The frequency, manifestations, and severity of acute adverse reactions associated with gadolinium-based contrast agents in the specific setting of cardiovascular magnetic resonance have not been systematically evaluated yet. METHODS: This is a multicenter and multinational registry with consecutive enrollment of patients in 45 European centers. During the current observation, 17,767 doses of gadolinium-based contrast agent were administered to 17,767 patients. The mean dose was 25.6 ml (range 5 to 80 ml), which is equivalent to 0.128 mmol/kg (range 0.012 to 0.3 mmol/kg). RESULTS: Thirty acute adverse reactions due to contrast administration occurred (0.17%). All reactions were classified as mild according to the American College of Radiology definition. The most frequent complaints following contrast administration were rashes and hives (9 of 30), followed by nausea (7 of 30), and anxiety (6 of 30). The event rate ranged from 0.06% (linear nonionic agent gadodiamide) to 0.47% (linear ionic agent gadobenate dimeglumine). Interestingly, we also found different event rates between the three main indications for CMR imaging, ranging from 0.1% (risk stratification in suspected coronary artery disease) to 0.42% (viability in known coronary artery disease). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of acute adverse reactions after administration of gadolinium-based contrast in the "off-label" setting of CMR in our population was not different from the incidence in the U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved general radiology setting. Thus, the off-label use of gadolinium-based contrast in CMR should be regarded as safe concerning the frequency, manifestation, and severity of acute events.
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Medios de Contraste/efectos adversos , Gadolinio/efectos adversos , Cardiopatías/diagnóstico , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Europa (Continente) , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Selección de Paciente , Sistema de Registros , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
A 65-year-old woman presented with shortness of breath, stenocardia, and tachycardia. She underwent several steps of examination. Echocardiography showed a suspicious formation in the right atrium extending into the inferior caval vein. The lesion was suspicious for a myxoma, a thrombus, or a malformation. Intraoperatively this formation presented as a cystic formation connected to the right atrial wall in the area of the foramen secundum and filled with blood and five calcified thrombi. We hypothesize that a slit-like opening in the foramen ovale produced a valve-like mechanism bulging parts of the septum secundum and produced this cystic formation.
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Quistes/diagnóstico , Defectos del Tabique Interatrial/diagnóstico , Anciano , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Cardíacos , Quistes/cirugía , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Atrios Cardíacos , Neoplasias Cardíacas/diagnóstico , Defectos del Tabique Interatrial/cirugía , Humanos , Mixoma/diagnósticoRESUMEN
UNLABELLED: This study presents and evaluates a model-based image analysis method to calculate from gated cardiac (18)F-FDG PET images diastolic and systolic volumes, ejection fraction, and myocardial mass of the left ventricle. The accuracy of these estimates was delineated using measurements obtained by MRI, which was considered the reference standard because of its high spatial resolution. METHODS: Twenty patients (18 men, 2 women; mean age +/- SD, 59 +/- 12 y) underwent electrocardiography-gated cardiac PET and MRI to acquire a set of systolic and diastolic short-axis images covering the heart from apex to base. For PET images, left ventricular radius and wall thickness were estimated by model-based nonlinear regression analysis applied to the observed tracer concentration along radial rays. Endocardial and epicardial contours were derived from these estimates, and left ventricular volumes, ejection fraction, and myocardial mass were calculated. For MR images, an expert manually drew contours. RESULTS: Left ventricular volumes by PET and MRI were 101 +/- 60 mL and 112 +/- 93 mL, respectively, for end-systolic volume and 170 +/- 68 mL and 189 +/- 99 mL, respectively, for end-diastolic volume. Ejection fraction was 44% +/- 13% by PET and 46% +/- 18% by MRI. The left ventricular mass by PET and MRI was 196 +/- 44 g and 200 +/- 46 g, respectively. PET and MRI measurements were not statistically significant. A significant correlation was observed between PET and MRI for calculation of end-systolic volumes (r = 0.93, SEE = 23.4, P < 0.0001), end-diastolic volumes (r = 0.92, SEE = 26.7, P < 0.0001), ejection fraction (r = 0.85, SEE = 7.4, P < 0.0001), and left ventricular mass (r = 0.75, SEE = 29.6, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Model-based analysis of gated cardiac PET images permits an accurate assessment of left ventricular volumes, ejection fraction, and myocardial mass. Cardiac PET may thus offer a near-simultaneous assessment of myocardial perfusion, metabolism, and contractile function.
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Electrocardiografía , Fluorodesoxiglucosa F18 , Imagen de Acumulación Sanguínea de Compuerta , Corazón/diagnóstico por imagen , Contracción Miocárdica , Tomografía Computarizada de Emisión , Función Ventricular Izquierda , Adulto , Anciano , Volumen Cardíaco , Femenino , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Modelos BiológicosRESUMEN
In this study, magnetic resonance imaging was compared with histology to evaluate the usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging to distinguish malignant from benign cardiac and paracardiac masses in 55 patients. Tumor location, tissue composition, and pericardial or pleural effusion all were identified as key predictors of lesion type. Observers were accurate in the prediction of lesion type (area under curve 0.88 and 0.92), and there was good interobserver variability (Cohen's kappa = 0.64).
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Neoplasias Cardíacas/diagnóstico , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/estadística & datos numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Tumor Carcinoide/diagnóstico , Carcinoma Broncogénico/diagnóstico , Niño , Preescolar , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , Fibroma/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cardíacas/clasificación , Neoplasias Cardíacas/complicaciones , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mieloma Múltiple/diagnóstico , Mixoma/diagnóstico , Oportunidad Relativa , Derrame Pericárdico/complicaciones , Derrame Pericárdico/diagnóstico , Derrame Pleural Maligno/complicaciones , Derrame Pleural Maligno/diagnóstico , Análisis de Regresión , Estudios Retrospectivos , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
The aim of this study was to evaluate a velocity-encoded cine-MR (VEC-MR) sequence in measuring flow velocities up to two times the velocity encoding value (VENC) in a flow phantom and to validate the method for assessing poststenotic jet velocities in postoperative patients after aortic coarctation. In vitro, a flow phantom was used (0.5T; TR/TE: 51/8 ms, flip angle=30 degrees, FOV=280 mm, 128x256 matrix VENC 40 or 80 cm/s). On binary images, maximum flow velocities (V(max)) were calculated with a region of interest (ROI, 8 pixels). With aliasing, V(max) was calculated by VENC+(V(aliasing)). In vivo, 16 postoperative patients after aortic coarctation underwent double-oblique VEC-MR imaging through the aortic arch (ECG triggering, 16 phases/RR, TR=600-800 ms, flow-encoding cranio-caudal, VENC=2 m/s). Peak systolic velocities were measured and transthoracic Doppler echocardiography (TTDE) was performed. In vitro, there were excellent correlations for MR velocity measurements with and without aliasing ( r=0.99) and for true and MR-derived flow velocities ( r=0.99). In vivo, there was good correlation between VEC-MR and TTDE-assessed V(max) values in the aorta at the former coarctation site ( r=0.90, n=16). Aliasing occurred in 13 patients. VEC-MR is a useful modality for assessing jet velocities in the follow-up of patients after aortic coarctation. Despite of aliasing, accurate velocity measurements up to two times VENC are possible using binary images.