Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Cohort of Pregnant Women with Comorbid Disorders.

There are some reports and case series addressing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections during pregnancy in upper income countries, but there are few data on pregnant women with comorbid conditions in low and middle income Countries. This study evaluated the proportion and the maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection among pregnant women with comorbidities. Participants were recruited consecutively in order of admission to a maternity for pregnant women with comorbidities. Sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory data were prospectively collected during hospitalization. Pregnant women were screened at entry: nasopharyngeal swabs were tested by RT-PCR; serum samples were tested for IgG antibodies against spike protein by ELISA. From April to June 2020, 115 eligible women were included in the study. The proportion of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 28.7%. The rate of obesity was 60.9%, vascular hypertension 40.0%, and HIV 21.7%. The most common clinical presentations were ageusia (21.2%), anosmia (18.2%), and fever (18.2%). Prematurity was higher among mothers who had a SARS-CoV-2 infection based on RT-PCR. There were two cases of fetal demise. We found a high proportion of COVID-19 among pregnant women with comorbidities. This underscores the importance of antenatal care during the pandemic to implement universal SARS-CoV-2 screening, precautionary measures, and the rollout of vaccination programs for pregnant women.

[Diagnostic accuracy of the fine needle aspiration cytology and core needle biopsy as a diagnostic method for breast lesions]. / Acurácia da punção aspirativa por agulha fina e da punção por agulha grossa no diagnóstico de lesões mamárias.

PURPOSE: to determine the accuracy of fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and of core-needle biopsy (CNB) in diagnosing breast lumps and breast cancer. METHODS: this was a cross-sectional, retrospective and descriptive study based on the review of medical records. FNAB and CNB were carried out sequentially according to the routine of the Mastology Service. Both percutaneous procedures were applied to 233 patients during the period from March 2005 to February 2007. Women aged 18 years or more with changes in the clinical and/or image examination of the breast or a family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer were included. FNAB and CNB were carried out according to the technical recommendations of the National Institute of Cancer. The percentage of agreement, Cohen's Kappa coefficient, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and the accuracy of FNAB and CNB were calculated, considering the surgical biopsy as the gold standard. RESULTS: the average age of the patients was 49.0 years (±12.7) and the tumors measured 26.9 mm on average (±23.1), being larger than 20 mm in 47.2% of cases. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and accuracy were higher for CNB than for FNAB, regardless of the size of the breast lesion. The diagnostic accuracy was 97.5% for CNB and 77.5% for FNAB. CONCLUSION: although the CNB showed higher rates of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy than FNAB for palpable and non-palpable breast lumps, the method remains useful for the minimally invasive diagnosis of mammary lesions, especially when its results are analyzed together with the clinical and imaging examination.

Acurácia da punção aspirativa por agulha fina e da punção por agulha grossa no diagnóstico de lesões mamárias / Diagnostic accuracy of the fine needle aspiration cytologyand core needle biopsy as a diagnostic method for breast lesions

OBJETIVO: avaliar a acurácia da punção aspirativa por agulha fina (PAAF) e da punção por agulha grossa (PAG) no diagnóstico da lesão mamária e do câncer de mama. MÉTODOS: trata-se de um estudo transversal, retrospectivo e descritivo, baseado na busca em prontuários médicos. A PAAF e a PAG foram realizadas sequencialmente, como rotina do serviço de Mastologia. Os dois procedimentos percutâneos foram realizados em 233 pacientes, no período de março de 2005 a fevereiro de 2007. Foram incluídas mulheres com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos, com alterações no exame clínico e/ou de imagem das mamas ou com histórico familiar de câncer de mama e/ou ovário. A PAAF e a PAG foram realizadas de acordo com as recomendações técnicas do Instituto Nacional de Câncer. Foram calculados o percentual de concordância, o coeficiente Kappa de Cohen, a sensibilidade, a especificidade, os valores preditivos positivo e negativo e a acurácia da PAAF e da PAG, considerando como padrão-ouro a biópsia cirúrgica. RESULTADOS: a média de idade das pacientes foi de 49 anos (±12,7), os tumores mediam em média 26,9 mm (±23,1), e em 47,2 por cento dos casos, tinham mais de 20 mm. A sensibilidade, a especificidade, os valores preditivos positivo e negativo e a acurácia foram maiores na PAG do que na PAAF, independentemente do tamanho da lesão mamária, tendo a PAG uma acurácia diagnóstica de 97,5 por cento e a PAAF de 77,5 por cento. CONCLUSÃO: apesar de a PAG mostrar maiores valores de sensibilidade, especificidade, valor preditivo positivo, valor preditivo negativo e acurácia que a PAAF, tanto para as lesões palpáveis quanto para as impalpáveis, o método permanece útil no diagnóstico minimamente invasivo das lesões mamárias, sobretudo quando seus resultados são analisados em conjunto com o exame clínico e de imagem.

PURPOSE: to determine the accuracy of fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and of core-needle biopsy (CNB) in diagnosing breast lumps and breast cancer. METHODS: this was a cross-sectional, retrospective and descriptive study based on the review of medical records. FNAB and CNB were carried out sequentially according to the routine of the Mastology Service. Both percutaneous procedures were applied to 233 patients during the period from March 2005 to February 2007. Women aged 18 years or more with changes in the clinical and/or image examination of the breast or a family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer were included. FNAB and CNB were carried out according to the technical recommendations of the National Institute of Cancer. The percentage of agreement, Cohen's Kappa coefficient, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and the accuracy of FNAB and CNB were calculated, considering the surgical biopsy as the gold standard. RESULTS: the average age of the patients was 49.0 years (±12.7) and the tumors measured 26.9 mm on average (±23.1), being larger than 20 mm in 47.2 percent of cases. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and accuracy were higher for CNB than for FNAB, regardless of the size of the breast lesion. The diagnostic accuracy was 97.5 percent for CNB and 77.5 percent for FNAB. CONCLUSION: although the CNB showed higher rates of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy than FNAB for palpable and non-palpable breast lumps, the method remains useful for the minimally invasive diagnosis of mammary lesions, especially when its results are analyzed together with the clinical and imaging examination.