Aim: To evaluate the adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and the level of nutritional literacy (NL) among university students from different academic fields of study, within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A total of 1114 first-year undergraduate students at the University of Lisbon, Portugal, were included in this study. A self-administered online questionnaire was applied that included questions regarding sociodemographic information, the MD measured by the PREDIMED questionnaire (PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea) and NL assessed using the Newest Vital Sign questionnaire. Results: The average PREDIMED score revealed a low adherence (6.79±2.14 points) to the MD. Notably, students in the Social Sciences and Humanities academic fields showed the highest level of adherence (U=21 071; p<0.05). Within the Health field, there was a greater prevalence of dietary behaviours aligned with the MD, contributing to higher overall adherence scores. Furthermore, 84.1% of the participants demonstrated adequate NL. Interestingly, students in the Exact Sciences and Engineering field demonstrated the highest levels of NL (5.07±1.19), particularly in questions involving mathematical reasoning. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that university students in Lisbon do not follow a MD and are far from the recommendations of this dietary pattern. While most participants showed adequate NL, it is essential to highlight the link between knowledge and application to daily practice. Despite positive literacy levels, there remains a deficit in translating this knowledge into correct dietary practices.
In the last 2 years, the COVID-19 pandemic has spread all over the world, forcing the closure of universities, among other unusual measures in recent history. (1) Background: This work is based on the study HOUSE-ULisbon, a survey carried out during the second confinement (March-May 2021) in Portugal with the collaboration of all the Faculties of the University of Lisbon (UL). The present work aims to explore gender differences in how first-year college students experienced and felt COVID-19 and the second confinement. (2) Methods: A questionnaire was carried out. In total, 976 university students (19.66 years (SD = 4.033); Min = 17 and Max = 65) from the first year of the UL were included, of which 69.5% (n = 678) were female, and 30.5% were male (n = 298). SPSS v. 26 was used for quantitative data and MAXQDA 2020 for qualitative data. (3) Results: Overall, students reported various symptoms of physical and mental discomfort (especially females). Statistically significant differences were found in the problems that could arise from the pandemic, such as the prevalence of higher anxiety and worries by females, and online gaming by males. In coping strategies, differences were found in leisure and family relationships, with greater difficulty on the female side. Social interaction was perceived as difficult or very difficult by both genders. As strategies for future pandemics, they highlighted a concerted effort between the government and media in the transmission of messages to the population, facilitating information, knowledge and adoption of protective behaviors. (4) Conclusions: These results are important data for activating or maintaining resources and services for first-year university students, who in some university institutions were supported during the pandemic by psychological, material (e.g., computers, internet), and financial support measures, which are now diminished or extinct. The impacts on their lives will certainly not be extinguished post-pandemic, and health, education, and public policy measures should be prioritized for this group. These results are important data for activating resources and services for students, informing health and education professionals, and supporting public policies.
COVID-19 , Female , Male , Humans , COVID-19/epidemiology , Pandemics , Universities , Communicable Disease Control , Students/psychology
Students with chronic conditions (CC) tend to experience several barriers in terms of their school participation and performance. Therefore, the present study aims to explore the factors related to the time of diagnosis of CC (recent/non-recent), the barriers to participation and academic success (health condition, people's attitude towards CC and school physical environment), the physical and mental health (physical/psychological symptoms and concerns) and school-related variables (relationship with teachers and peers), regarding the school participation of first-year students with CC. This work is part of the HOUSE-Colégio F3 Project, University of Lisbon, which includes 1143 first-year university students from 17 Faculties and Institutes of the University of Lisbon. In this specific study, only the subsample of 207 students with CC was considered, 72.4% of which were female, aged between 18 and 54 years (M = 20.00; SD = 4.83). The results showed that students with a recent diagnosis of CC and students with school participation affected by the CC were those who presented more negative indicators regarding barriers to school participation, physical and mental health, and school-related variables. A greater impact of CC in terms of school participation was associated with having a recent diagnosis, with people's attitude towards CC and with the health condition as barriers, with more psychological symptoms and worse relationships with teachers and peers. This is a relevant message for the organization of health services for students with CC at the beginning of their university studies, especially since they are often displaced from home and managing their health conditions alone (in many cases, for the first time).
O objetivo desse estudo foi comparar o tempo de confecção clínica, laboratorial e ajustes clínicos para a instalação de placas oclusais termopolimerizáveis convencionais (PC) e confeccionadas por CAD/CAM fresadas (PF) em pacientes com bruxismo do sono. Para tanto, foi realizado um ensaio clínico controlado e não randomizado onde foram incluídos pacientes com diagnóstico de provável bruxismo do sono. Foram confeccionadas PC (n = 24) e PF (n = 24) sendo mensurados o tempo de confecção clínica (TCC), tempo de confecção laboratorial (TCL) e tempo de instalação (TI) para cada uma das placas. Foi utilizado o teste Mann-whitney com nível de confiança de 95% no programa SPSS IBM Statistics para analisar se existe diferença entre os tempos analisados e o tipo de placa confeccionada. Como resultado, verificou-se que a PC possuiu maior TCC total (média de 94,39 min) em relação à PF (17,85 min) (p<0,001). Entretanto, o TCL total da PC foi menor (164,80 min), que a PF (182,64min) (p=0,015). Para o TI, foi encontrado que PF obteve uma média 21, 26 min, enquanto PC obteve 37,19 min (p<0,001). Como conclusão, dentro as limitações do estudo, observou-se que as placas fresadas apresentaram menor tempo clínico tanto na etapa de confecção quanto de instalação. Entretanto, o tempo de confecção laboratorial das placas convencionais foi inferior (AU).
The aim of the study was to compare the clinical and laboratory preparation time and clinical adjustments for the installation of conventional thermopolymerizable resin splint (CS) and milled CAD/CAM (MS) occlusal splints in patients with sleep bruxism. For this purpose, a controlled and non-randomized clinical trial was carried out in which patients diagnosed with probable sleep bruxism were included. CS (n = 24) and MS (n = 24) were prepared and the clinical preparation time (CPT), laboratory preparation time (LPT) and installation time (IT) were measured for each of the splints. The Mannwhitney test with a confidence level of 95% was used in the SPSS IBM Statistics program to analyze whether there is a difference between the analyzed times and the type splint performed. As a result, it was found that CS had higher total CPT (mean of 94,39 min) in relation to MS (17,85 min) (p0<001). However, the total LPT of the CS was lower (164,80 min) than the MS (182,64min) (p=0.015). For the IT, it was found that the MS had an average of 21,26 min, while the CS had 37,19min (p0<001). In conclusion, within the limitations of the study, it was observed that the milled splint had a shorter clinical time both in the manufacturing and installation stages. However, the laboratory preparation time of the conventional splint was shorter (AU).
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Occlusal Splints , Sleep Bruxism/therapy , Dental Occlusion , Tooth Wear/etiology , Medical Records , Computer-Aided Design/instrumentation , Statistics, Nonparametric
SUMMARY: This study aimed to develop models that reproduce histological slide images and evaluate them with blind and sighted students from an inclusion perspective. A questionnaire with questions about the ideal characteristics of a model was answered by visually impaired (VI) students. Based on the responses and optical microscopy images from histological atlases, nine models were constructed with standardized materials. The models were tested at different times with VI students and with students who see. Our results indicate that morphology teaching, according to the students themselves, should make use of extra resources, such as models. The ideal characteristics for model efficiency as a teaching tool were representative textures and reliefs. The models built were evaluated by blind students in Spain and sighted students in Brazil because, from an inclusive perspective, it is ideal that the same material can meet the demands of all types of students. The use of the developed models enhanced learning in both groups, even when combined with microscopes for sighted students. According to student opinions, the use of relief models can represent an important pedagogical strategy used to teach morphological. The importance of developing that materials was also highlighted from an inclusion perspective, as these materials can be used in mixed classes, all students together, in cooperative learning. This study aids morphological subject teachers who teach visually impaired students to know where to start on the path to an inclusive and pedagogically coherent learning process.
RESUMEN: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo desarrollar modelos que reproduzcan imágenes histológicas de diapositivas y las evalúen con estudiantes ciegos y videntes desde una perspectiva de inclusión. Los estudiantes no videntes respondieron un cuestionario con preguntas sobre las características ideales de un modelo. En base a las respuestas y las imágenes de microscopía óptica de los atlas histológicos, se construyeron nueve modelos con materiales estandarizados. Los modelos fueron probados en diferentes momentos con estudiantes no videntes y con estudiantes videntes. Nuestros resultados indican que en la enseñanza de la morfología, según los propios estudiantes, se debe hacer uso de recursos adicionales tal como los modelos. Las características ideales para la eficiencia del modelo como herramienta de enseñanza fueron las texturas y relieves representativos. Los modelos construidos fueron evaluados por estudiantes ciegos en España y estudiantes videntes en Brasil. Desde una perspectiva inclusiva, es ideal que un mismo material pueda satisfacer las demandas de todo tipo de estudiantes. El uso de los modelos desarrollados mejoró el aprendizaje en ambos grupos, incluso cuando se combinó con microscopios para estudiantes videntes. Según las opiniones de los estudiantes, el uso de modelos en relieve puede representar una importante estrategia pedagógica utilizada en la enseñanza de la morfología. También se destacó la importancia de desarrollar esos materiales desde una perspectiva de inclusión, ya que estos materiales pueden ser utilizados en clases mixtas, todos los estudiantes juntos, en aprendizaje cooperativo. Este estudio ayuda a los profesores de asignaturas morfológicas que enseñan a los estudiantes con discapacidad visual a conocer la vía hacia un proceso de aprendizaje inclusivo y pedagógicamente coherente.
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Students/psychology , Vision Disorders , Disabled Persons , Anatomy/education , Spain , Universities , Brazil , Blindness , Vision, Low , Surveys and Questionnaires , Models, Educational , Histology/education
Introdução:A disfunção temporomandibular,distúrbio que acomete as estruturas ósseas, musculares e articulares da região orofacial tem sido cada vez mais recorrente. Esse distúrbio causa dores, limitação de movimento e alteração na qualidade de vida dos pacientes acometidos com a doença. Se fazemnecessáriasmedidas de controle e tratamento dessadoença de prevalência crescente. Objetivo:Avaliar a amplitude de abertura bucal em pacientes portadores de disfunção temporomandibular, submetidos ao tratamento com fisioterapia após 1 e 3 meses de tratamento.Metodologia:Avaliou-se a amplitude de abertura bucal de 25 pacientes submetidos ao tratamento com fisioterapia. Todos os pacientes foram diagnosticados com disfunçãode acordo com o eixo 1 do "Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders". Os dados colhidos foram avaliados através do programa SPSS e foi realizado o teste Wilcoxon, com nível de confiança de 95%. Resultados:Para pacientes que apresentavam comprometimento da amplitude de abertura máxima sem auxílio, a fisioterapia possibilitou melhora significativa do ganho de amplitude no tempo inicial e após um mês de terapia (p= 0,002), mantendo a amplitude até o terceiro mês, sem apresentar ganho significativo. Conclusões:Para a variável amplitude de abertura bucal, a fisioterapia se mostra como uma boa alternativa de tratamento, alcançando resultados satisfatórios para o ganho de amplitude e melhoria do quadro sintomático do paciente (AU).
Introduction:Temporomandibulardisorder, a disorder that affects bone, muscle and joint structures in the orofacial region has been increasingly recurrent. This disorder causes pain, movement limitation and changes in the quality of life of patients affected by the disease. Control measures and treatment of the disease of increasing prevalence are necessary. Objective:To evaluate the range of mouth opening in patients undergoing treatment with physiotherapy after 1 and 3 months of treatment. Methodology:It was the amplitude of mouth opening in 25 patients submitted to treatment with physiotherapy. All patients were diagnosed with disorder according to axis 1 of the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders. The collected data were evaluatedusing the SPSS program and the Wilcoxon test was performed, with a 95% confidence level. Results:For patients who presented impairment of the maximum opening amplitude without assistance, physiotherapy enabled a significant improvement in amplitude gainin the initial time and after one month of therapy (p= 0.002), maintaining the amplitude until the third month, without showing any significant gain. Conclusions:For the variable mouth opening amplitude, physiotherapy is shown to be a good treatment alternative, achieving satisfactory results for gaining amplitude and improving the patient's symptomatic condition (AU).
Introducción: El trastorno temporomandibular, un trastorno que afecta las estructuras óseas, musculares y articulares en la región orofacial, ha sido cada vez más recurrente. Este trastorno causa dolor, limitación de movimiento y cambios en la calidad de vida de los pacientes afectados por la enfermedad. Son necesarias medidas de control y tratamiento de la enfermedad de prevalencia creciente.Objetivo: Evaluar la amplitud de la apertura de la boca en pacientes con disfunción temporomandibular, sometidos a tratamiento con fisioterapia después de 1 y 3 meses de tratamiento.Metodología: Se evaluó la amplitud de la apertura de la boca en 25 pacientes sometidos a tratamiento de fisioterapia. Todos los pacientes fueron diagnosticados con trastorno de acuerdo con el eje 1 del Criterios de diagnóstico de investigación para trastornos temporomandibulares. Los datos recopilados se evaluaron utilizando el programa SPSS y se realizó la prueba de Wilcoxon, con un nivel de confianza del 95%. Resultados: Para los pacientes que presentaron deterioro de la amplitud máxima de apertura sin asistencia, la fisioterapia permitió una mejora significativa en la ganancia de amplitud en el tiempo inicial ydespués de un mes de terapia (p=0,002), manteniendo la amplitud hasta el tercer mes, sin mostrar ninguna ganancia significativa.Conclusiones: Para la amplitud variable de apertura de la boca, se muestra que la fisioterapia es una buena alternativa de tratamiento, logrando resultados satisfactorios para aumentar la amplitud y mejorar la condición sintomática del paciente (AU).
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Temporomandibular Joint Disorders , Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome/pathology , Range of Motion, Articular , Physical Therapy Specialty , Quality of Life , Brazil , Longitudinal Studies , Statistics, Nonparametric
Citizen science is a growing field of research and practice, generating new knowledge and understanding through the collaboration of citizens in scientific research. As the field expands, it is becoming increasingly important to consider its potential to foster education and learning opportunities. Although progress has been made to support learning in citizen science projects, as well as to facilitate citizen science in formal and informal learning environments, challenges still arise. This paper identifies a number of dilemmas facing the field-from competing scientific goals and learning outcomes, differing underlying ontologies and epistemologies, diverging communication strategies, to clashing values around advocacy and activism. Although such challenges can become barriers to the successful integration of citizen science into mainstream education systems, they also serve as signposts for possible synergies and opportunities. One of the key emerging recommendations is to align educational learning outcomes with citizen science project goals at the planning stage of the project using co-creation approaches to ensure issues of accessibility and inclusivity are paramount throughout the design and implementation of every project. Only then can citizen science realise its true potential to empower citizens to take ownership of their own science education and learning.
Resumo Objetivo Realizar a adaptação transcultural do instrumento: Autism Classification System of functioning: Social communication (ACSF: SC), que permite classificar o nível da função da comunicação social de crianças com transtorno do espectro autista (TEA), para uso no Brasil. Método Estudo metodológico de adaptação transcultural do instrumento ACSF: SC. Foram seguidas recomendações para adaptação transcultural de protocolos da área da saúde, que incluiu a permissão assegurada, tradução, tradução reversa, revisão e painel de especialistas. Resultados A avaliação dos especialistas evidenciou que a versão traduzida do instrumento ACSF: SC foi bem compreendida conceitualmente e adequada culturalmente, com 48 frases apresentando índice de concordância maior que 90% quanto à equivalência conceitual e cultural. Frases que não obtiveram níveis adequados de concordância foram revisadas, conforme sugestões dos especialistas. Conclusão A equivalência entre o instrumento ACSF: SC original e a tradução está garantida, obtendo índice de concordância acima de 90%. O instrumento estará apto para uso clínico em breve, após validação de suas propriedades de medida.
Abstract Objective To conduct a cross-cultural adaptation of the instrument: Autism Classification System of functioning: Social communication (ACSF: SC), which allows clinicians to classify the level of the social communication function of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), for its use in Brazil. Method Methodological study of cross-cultural adaptation of the instrument ACSF: SC. We followed recommendations for transcultural adaptation of health protocols, which included assured permission, translation, reverse translation, review, and panel of experts. Results The evaluation of the experts revealed that the translated version of the ACSF: SC instrument was well understood conceptually and culturally adequate, with 48 sentences presenting a concordance index greater than 90% regarding conceptual and cultural equivalence. Phrases that did not achieve adequate levels of agreement were reviewed, according to experts' suggestions. Conclusion Equivalence between the original ACSF: SC and its translated into Brazilian Portuguese is guaranteed, as it reached a concordance index above 90%. The Brazilian version of the ACSF: SC will be suitable for clinical use once its psychometrics properties are established.
