RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: This study examines the frequency, associated factors, and characteristics of healthcare personnel coronavirus disease 2019 cases in a healthcare department that comprises a tertiary hospital and its associated 12 primary healthcare centers. METHODS: This study included healthcare personnel that showed symptoms or were in contact with a coronavirus disease 2019 case patient from March 2, 2020 to April 19, 2020. Their evolution and characteristics (age, sex, professional category, type of contact) were recorded. Correlations between the different characteristics and risk of developing coronavirus disease 2019 and severe coronavirus disease 2019 were analyzed using chi-square tests. Their magnitudes were quantified with ORs, AORs, and their 95% CIs using a logistic regression model. RESULTS: Of the 3,900 healthcare professionals in the department, 1,791 (45.9%) showed symptoms or were part of a contact tracing study. The prevalence of those with symptoms was 20.1% (784/3,900; 95% CI=18.8, 21.4), with coronavirus disease 2019 was 4.0% (156/3,900; 95% CI=3.4, 4.6), and with severe coronavirus disease 2019 was 0.5% (18/3,900; 95% CI=0.2, 0.7). The frequency of coronavirus disease 2019 in symptomatic healthcare personnel with a nonprotected exposure was 22.8% (112/491) and 13.7% (40/293) in those with a protected exposure (AOR=2.2, 95% CI=1.2, 3.9). The service in which the healthcare personnel performed their activity was not significantly associated with being diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019. A total of 26.3% (10/38) of male healthcare personnel with coronavirus disease 2019 required hospitalization, compared with 6.8% (8/118) among female healthcare personnel (OR=4.9, 95% CI=1.8, 13.6). CONCLUSIONS: A surveillance and monitoring program centred on healthcare personnel enables an understanding of the risk factors that lead to coronavirus disease 2019 among this population. This knowledge allows the refinement of the strategies for disease control and prevention in healthcare personnel during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Coronavirus/epidemiología , Personal de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Anciano , COVID-19 , Trazado de Contacto/métodos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Ocupaciones , Pandemias , Vigilancia en Salud Pública/métodos , Factores de Riesgo , SARS-CoV-2 , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Factores Sexuales , España/epidemiología , Centros de Atención TerciariaRESUMEN
Antecedentes: las complicaciones de la cirrosis alcohólica (CA) son una causa importante de muerte en nuestro hospital, entre éstas, el sangrado del tubo digestivo alto (STDA) es una de las más frecuentes. Objetivo: conocer las causas del sangrado del tubo digestivo alto en los pacientes con cirrosis de nuestro hospital. Material y métodos: a veinticinco pacientes con CA y STDA que ingresaron al servicio de Medicina Interna de nuestro hospital durante 1999 se les realizó un estudio panendoscópico para conocer el origen de la hemorragia del tubo digestivo. Resultados: las lesiones responsables del sangrado en nuestros pacientes (19 de los cuales eran hombres, con edad de 51.5 ñ 13.5 años) fueron las siguientes: várices esofágicas (48 por ciento), gastritis erosiva (20 por ciento), gastropatía hipertensiva portal (16 por ciento), úlcera gástrica (8 por ciento), úlcera duodenal (4 por ciento) y síndrome de Mallory-Weiss (4 por ciento). Conclusiones: las várices esofágicas son la causa principal de STDA en los pacientes con CA en nuestro hospital; estos resultados corresponden con lo reportado por otros autores. El conocimiento de estos datos es importante para el manejo rápido y apropiado durante el episodio agudo y para tomar medidas profilácticas, especialmente en los casos en los que no están disponibles los estudios endoscópicos.