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ABSTRACT Objectives: to understanding the perception of Primary Health Care users about the professional identity of nurse. Methods: this is an exploratory, descriptive, cross-sectional and quantitative study, using the STROBE instrument. The sample included 94 users grouped according to the Family Health Strategy coverage. Results: the idealized identity of nurses dates back to the past of the profession. The subjects, in 81.9%, associate the female gender to the profession. 63.8% of them believed that the nurse is a subordinate, and from these, 90% believed they were subordinate to physicians. The analysis of the perception of the activities under responsibility of the nurse showed the predominance of assistance activities that are not exclusive to them. Conclusions: the findings indicate partial awareness about the identity and the role of nurses in Primary Health Care. The main deficits are related to the competences of this professional. The understanding of the role of the nurse was higher in the population under the coverage of the Family Health Strategy.
RESUMEN Objetivos: comprender la percepción de usuarios de la Atención Primaria sobre la identidad profesional de la enfermera. Métodos: estudio exploratorio, descriptivo, transversal y abordaje cuantitativo norteado por la STROBE. Muestreo consistió en 94 usuarios agrupados de acuerdo con la cobertura de Estrategia de Salud Familiar. Resultados: identidad de la enfermera idealizada por los participantes remonta al pasado de la profesión. En 81,9%, vincularon el género femenino a profesión. Del total, 63,8% acreditaban haber subordinación de la enfermera, de los cuales 90% entendían subordinación a médicos. Análisis de la percepción sobre actividades de responsabilidad de la enfermera reveló el predominio de actividades no privativas y de cuño asistencial. Conclusiones: hallados indican consciencia parcial sobre la identidad y papel de la enfermera en Atención Primaria. Principales déficits relacionaron a atribuciones de esa profesional. Apropiación del papel de la enfermera fue mayor en la población con cobertura por la Estrategia de Salud Familiar.
RESUMO Objetivos: compreender a percepção de usuários da Atenção Básica sobre a identidade profissional da enfermeira. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo exploratório, descritivo, transversal e de abordagem quantitativa norteado pela ferramenta STROBE. A amostra consistiu em 94 usuários agrupados de acordo com a cobertura de Estratégia Saúde da Família. Resultados: a identidade da enfermeira idealizada pelos participantes remonta ao passado da profissão. Os sujeitos, em 81,9%, vincularam o gênero feminino à profissão. Do total, 63,8% acreditavam haver subordinação da enfermeira, dos quais 90% entendiam subordinação aos médicos. A análise da percepção sobre atividades de responsabilidade da enfermeira revelou o predomínio de atividades assistenciais e não privativas. Conclusões: os achados indicam consciência parcial sobre a identidade e papel da enfermeira na Atenção Básica. Os principais déficits relacionaram às atribuições dessa profissional. A apropriação do papel da enfermeira foi maior na população com cobertura pela Estratégia Saúde da Família.
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OBJECTIVES: to understanding the perception of Primary Health Care users about the professional identity of nurse. METHODS: this is an exploratory, descriptive, cross-sectional and quantitative study, using the STROBE instrument. The sample included 94 users grouped according to the Family Health Strategy coverage. RESULTS: the idealized identity of nurses dates back to the past of the profession. The subjects, in 81.9%, associate the female gender to the profession. 63.8% of them believed that the nurse is a subordinate, and from these, 90% believed they were subordinate to physicians. The analysis of the perception of the activities under responsibility of the nurse showed the predominance of assistance activities that are not exclusive to them. Conclusions: the findings indicate partial awareness about the identity and the role of nurses in Primary Health Care. The main deficits are related to the competences of this professional. The understanding of the role of the nurse was higher in the population under the coverage of the Family Health Strategy.
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Rol de la Enfermera , Enfermeras y Enfermeros , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Percepción , Atención Primaria de Salud , Identificación SocialRESUMEN
Despite the need for innovative compounds as antimicrobial and anticancer agents, natural sources of peptides remain underexplored. Protonectin (PTN), a cationic dodecapeptide of pharmacological interest, presents large hydrophobicity that is associated with the tendency to aggregate and supposedly influences bioactivity. A disaggregating role was assigned to PTN' N-terminal fragment (PTN1-6), which enhances the bioactivity of PTN in a 1:1 mixture (PTN/PTN1-6). Spectroscopic techniques and model membranes (phospholipid bilayers and SDS micelles) revealed that environment-dependent aggregation is reduced for PTN/PTN1-6, but cytotoxicity of PTNs on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer showed the same CC50 values around 16 µM and on MCF-10A epithelial breast cells 6 to 5-fold higher values, revealing a selective interaction. Since PTN1-6 lacks activity on breast cells, its presence should differently affect PTN activity, suggesting that aggregation could modulate activity depending on the membrane characteristics. Indeed, increased partitioning and lytic activity of PTN/PTN1-6 were found in model membranes independently of charge density, but affected by the curvature tendency. PTN and PTN/PTN1-6 do not alter morphology and roughness of cancer cells, indicating a superficial interaction with membranes and consistent with results obtained in NMR experiments. Our results indicate that aggregation of PTNs depends on the membrane characteristics and modulates the activity of the peptides.
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Antineoplásicos , Neoplasias de la Mama , Péptidos Catiónicos Antimicrobianos/farmacología , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Neoplasias de la Mama/tratamiento farmacológico , Femenino , Humanos , Lípidos , MicelasRESUMEN
Renewable cellulose substrates with submicron- and nanoscale structures have revived interest in paper electronics. However, the processes behind their production are still complex and time- and energy-consuming. Besides, the weak electrolytic properties of cellulose with submicron- and nanoscale structures have hindered its application in transistors and integrated circuits with low-voltage operation. Here, we report a simple, low-cost approach to produce flexible ionic conductive cellulose mats using solution blow spinning, which are used both as dielectric interstrate and substrate in low-voltage devices. The electrochemical properties of the cellulose mats are tuned through infiltration with alkali hydroxides (LiOH, NaOH, or KOH), enabling their application as dielectric and substrate in flexible, low-voltage, oxide-based field-effect transistors and pencil-drawn resistor-loaded inverters. The transistors exhibit good transistor performances under operation voltage below 2.5 V, and their electrical performance is strictly related to the type of alkali ionic specie incorporated. Devices fabricated on K+-infiltrated cellulose mats present the best characteristics, indicating pure capacitive charging of the semiconductor. The pencil-drawn load resistor inverter presents good dynamic performance. These findings may pave the way for a new generation of low-power, wearable electronics, enabling concepts such as the "Internet of Things".
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Introdução: Os fatores que condicionam e determinam a prestação de cuidados em saúde vêm recebendo destaque nos dias atuais, considerando os seus impactos sociais e sanitários. Objetivo: Identificar a percepção de enfermeiros acerca do significado de segurança e qualidade na assistência à saúde e descrever o conhecimento de enfermeiros sobre as fragilidades e potencialidades para a prestação da assistência segura e de qualidade a pacientes adultos hospitalizados. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, descritiva e de abordagem qualitativa. Os dados foram coletados através de questionário aplicado a enfermeiros de um hospital geral público do Rio de Janeiro. Para análise dos dados se utilizou da Análise Temática de Conteúdo de Minayo. Resultados: A partir da análise de conteúdo, os fatores condicionantes foram desvelados em três categorias: "Percepção dos enfermeiros sobre a Segurança e Qualidade da Assistência"; "Fragilidades e potencialidades para a Segurança do Paciente" e "Sugestões para a melhoria da qualidade e segurança do cuidado". Conclusões: Os enfermeiros assistenciais detêm compreensão adequada sobre a qualidade e segurança no cuidado e possuem conhecimentos sobre ações interventivas de diferentes níveis de governabilidade para abordagem das fragilidades e do fortalecimento das potencialidades, sendo, portanto, conveniente, que participem do processo decisório nos serviços.
Introduction: The factors that influence and determine the provision of health are highlighted nowadays, considering their social and health impacts. Objective: To identify the perception of nurses about the meaning of safety and quality in healthcare and to describe the knowledge of nurses about the weaknesses and potentialities to deliver safe and high-quality care to hospitalized adult patients. Method: This is an exploratory, descriptive and qualitative research. Data were collected by questionnaire applied to nurses of a public general hospital in Rio de Janeiro and analyzed using thematic analysis of content by Minayo. Results: From the content analysis, the conditioning factors were unveiled in 03 categories: "Nurses' Perception of Safety and Quality of Care," "Weaknesses and potentialities for Patient Safety," and "Suggestions for Improving Quality and Safety of Care." Conclusions: Care nurses have adequate understanding about the quality and safety of assistance and have knowledge of intervention actions of different levels of governance to address weaknesses and strengthening of potentialities and, therefore, they should be involved in the decision-making process in the organizations.
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Clavanins is a class of peptides (23aa) histidine-rich, free of post-translational modifications. Clavanins have been studied largely for their ability to disrupt bacterial membranes. In the present study, the interaction of clavanin A with membranes was assessed by dynamic light scattering, zeta potential and permeabilization assays. We observed through those assays that clavanin A lysis bacterial cells at concentrations corresponding to its MIC. Further, the structure and function of clavanin A was investigated. To better understand how clavanin interacted with bacteria, its NMR structure was elucidated. The solution state NMR structure of clavanin A in the presence of TFE-d3 indicated an α-helical conformation. Secondary structures, based on circular dichroism measurements in anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and TFE (2,2,2-trifluorethanol), in silico lipid-peptide docking and molecular simulations with lipids DPPC and DOPC revealed that clavanin A can adopt a variety of folds, possibly influencing its different functions. Microcalorimetry assays revealed that clavanin A was capable of discriminating between different lipids. Finally, clavanin A was found to eradicate bacterial biofilms representing a previously unrecognized function.