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To perform a quantitative olfactory test in positive COVID19 RT-PCR admitted patients and asymptomatic ones, to evaluate the association between hyposmia and disease severity. This is a Cross sectional study. Ninety-one patients including 68 inpatients and 23 asymptomatic healthcare workers with positive COVID-19 RT-PCRs. Methods: Demographics and clinical characteristics were collected. Iran Smell Identification Test (IR-SIT), a highly accurate 6-odorant test was used to evaluate the reliability of self-reported hyposmia and determine the correlation of the measured olfactory dysfunction with disease severity. Twenty-two of 91 patients (24%) reported hyposmia, while 41/91 (45%) patients had measurable olfactory dysfunction (IR-SIT score 1-4, p < 0.05). Mean age of the 68 inpatients and 23 asymptomatic patients were 43.97 ± 16.13 years; M:F 43:25, and 43.87 ± 12.76 years; M:F 8:15 respectively. Of 68 patients, 20 were graded as severe, and 48/68 had mild course of disease. IR-SIT detected hyposmia in 80% of patients with severe disease, and 50% with mild disease, respectively. The risk of disease severity was significantly increased for patients with olfactory dysfunction and was detected 4 times higher when compared to patients with mild disease (OR 4, 95% CI: 1.166-13.728, p = 0.028). Olfactory Dysfunction was present in 80% of patients with severe course. The risk of disease severity is significantly increased with olfactory dysfunction in admitted patients.
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To assess the efficacy of intralesional injection of bleomycin for treatment of pediatric lymphangiomas in head and neck region in Iranian population. This prospective study was conducted from February 2017 to March 2019. All consecutive patients presented to pediatric otolaryngology clinic in Children Medical Center Hospital in Tehran with macrocystic lymphangiomas of head neck were enrolled in this study. Informed consent was taken from parents. Bleomycin was diluted to a concentration of 1 mg/ml by normal saline and a dose of 0.5 mg/kg was injected into the lymphangioma. Ultrasonography was performed before and after each injection at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. Age, gender, number of injections, size of lymphangioma and complications including fever, discoloration and respiratory problems were recorded. A total of 20 patients were assessed. Mean age at first injection was 31.9 months. Average reduction in size was 84%. Complete disappearance of mass was observed in 65% (13/20) of patients. Twenty-five percent (5/20) of patients had more than 50% reduction in size. Ten percent (2/20) had unsatisfactory results. Three patients developed transient erythema or swelling of injection site, but none of the patients had any respiratory problem. Intralesional injection of bleomycin is an effective modality to use as a first-line treatment of macrocystic head and neck lymphangiomas in Iranian pediatric population.
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Aims The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between the prosthesis length and the outcome of the primary stapes surgery in patients with otosclerosis. Material and Methods This was a retrospective cohort study. We reviewed medical records of 218 patients between January 2015 and August 2020 in two different referral centers. It was conducted in two hospitals by two different well experienced otologic surgeons that one of them believes in fixed length (4.75 mm) of stapes prosthesis (group A) and, the other one believes in measuring the distance between the footplate and incus long process to choose the proper length of prosthesis (group B). The surgery success rates and complications between these two groups were compared 3 months postoperatively. Results Mean age, preoperative bone conduction (BC) audiometric threshold and air-bone gap, postoperative BC and air-bone gap were similar in both groups (All p > 0.05). Vertigo frequency was not significantly different between the two groups (p = 0.303). There were no significant differences regarding the number of favorable postoperative outcomes between group A and B (70 (97.2%) vs. 142(97.3%) respectively) (p = 0.632). Conclusion This study found no significant difference regarding the hearing outcomes between fixed length vs measured length of stapes prosthesis.
