Vitamin D status and incidence of tuberculosis among contacts of pulmonary tuberculosis patients.

A prospective cohort study was conducted from 2009 to 2012 to assess the relationship between serum baseline 25-hydroxivytamin D (vitamin D) status and the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) among 572 contacts of 89 pulmonary TB patients in Castellon, Spain. Three new cases of pulmonary TB occurred, with an incidence density of 3.6 per 1000 person-years. Mean vitamin D status was 13.7 ng/ml for cases and 25.7 ng/ml for non-cases. Vitamin D status showed a significant inverse association with TB incidence (adjusted HR 0.88, 95%CI 0.80-0.97). This result is in line with the hypothesis that vitamin D deficiency is associated with TB incidence.

Peritonitis por Saccharomyces cerevisiae en un paciente sometido a diálisis peritoneal ambulatoria / No disponible

No disponible

[Antimicrobial susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates in Castellón, Spain]. / Sensibilidad de aislamientos clínicos de Pseudomonas aeruginosa en Castellón.

A retrospective study of the susceptibility to antimicrobials (amikacin, tobramycin, gentamicin, ceftazidime, cefepime, piperacillin, piperacil-lin-tazobactam, imipenem, meropenem and ciprofloxacin) of 5,811 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates was performed in a general hospital over a period of 12 years. The majority of isolates was from respiratory samples (31.99%), followed by urine samples (26.36%) and ear samples (10.51%). There was a predominance of hospital strains (69.66%); 50.30% of those from medical services, 31.74% from critical care services (mainly ICU) and the remaining from surgical services. No antimicrobial included in our study showed an activity over all isolated strains. In health centers the majority of antimicrobials showed good activity, with a percentage of resistance less than 10%. However, hospital strains showed that only amikacin, piperacillin-tazobactam and meropenem had a percentage of resistance near or lower than 10%. In both environments, gentamicin presented with the highest percentage of resistance. Strains from patients hospitalized in critical care services showed an elevated resistance to tobramycin, imipenem and ceftazidime, while strains from patients in medical services showed resistance to ciprofloxacin. Similar studies published in Spain confirm the importance of conducting local studies in order to understand the antimicrobial susceptibility of P. aeruginosa in each region, and especially to carry out empirically based treatments.

Sensibilidad de aislamientos clínicos de Pseudomonas aeruginosa en Castellón / Antimicrobial susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates in Castellón, Spain

Se realiza un estudio retrospectivo de la sensibilidad antibiótica de 5811 aislamientos clínicos de Pseudomonas aeruginosa frente a amikacina, tobramicina, gentamicina, ceftazidima, cefepima, piperacilina, piperacilina-tazobactam, imipenem, meropenen y ciprofloxacino, en un hospital general durante un periodo de 12 años. En su mayoría (31,99%) las cepas procedían de muestras de vías respiratorias, un 26,36% de orina y un 10,51% de exudado ótico. Un 69,66% de las cepas provenía del ámbito hospitalario, el 50,30% de servicios médicos, el 31,74% de servicios de críticos (fundamentalmente UCI) y el resto de servicios quirúrgicos. Ningún antimicrobiano incluido en el estudio mostró actividad frente a todas las cepas aisladas. En el ámbito ambulatorio, la mayoría de los antimicrobianos ensayados presentaba buena actividad, con porcentajes de resistencia menores del 10%; sin embargo, en las cepas procedentes del medio hospitalario se observa que sólo amikacina, piperacilina-tazobactam y meropenem tenían porcentajes de resistencia por debajo o cerca del 10%. En ambos lugares destaca el mayor porcentaje de resistencia a la gentamicina. Las cepas de muestras de pacientes hospitalizados en servicios de enfermos en situación crítica presentaron una elevada resistencia a tobramicina, imipenem y ceftazidima, mientras que las pertenecientes a pacientes de servicios médicos la mostraron a ciprofloxacino. Trabajos similares publicados en España reafirman la importancia de realizar estudios locales para conocer la sensibilidad antibiótica de P. aeruginosa en cada zona, sobre todo para poder realizar tratamientos empíricos orientados

A retrospective study of the susceptibility to antimicrobials (amikacin, tobramycin, gentamicin, ceftazidime, cefepime, piperacillin, piperacillin- tazobactam, imipenem, meropenem and ciprofloxacin) of 5,811 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates was performed in a general hospital over a period of 12 years. The majority of isolates was from respiratory samples (31.99%), followed by urine samples (26.36%) and ear samples (10.51%). There was a predominance of hospital strains (69.66%); 50.30% of those from medical services, 31.74% from critical care services (mainly ICU) and the remaining from surgical services. No antimicrobial included in our study showed an activity over all isolated strains. In health centers the majority of antimicrobials showed good activity, with a percentage of resistance less than 10%. However, hospital strains showed that only amikacin, piperacillin-tazobactam and meropenem had a percentage of resistance near or lower than 10%. In both environments, gentamicin presented with the highest percentage of resistance. Strains from patients hospitalized in critical care services showed an elevated resistance to tobramycin, imipenem and ceftazidime, while strains from patients in medical services showed resistance to ciprofloxacin. Similar studies published in Spain confirm the importance of conducting local studies in order to understand the antimicrobial susceptibility of P. aeruginosa in each region, and especially to carry out empirically based treatments