[The ultrastructure of the blood-air barrier and of the large (granular) epitheliocytes (type-2 alveolocytes) in patients with acquired defects and ischemic heart disease before and after surgical treatment]. / Ul'trastruktura aérogematicheskogo bar'era i bol'shikh (granuliarnykh) épiteliotsitov (al'veolotsitov vtorogo tipa) u bol'nykh c priobretennymi porokami i ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa do i posle khirurgicheskogo lecheniia.

Ultrastructure of air-hematic barrier and efficiency of alpha-tocopherolum use for prophylaxis of toxic effect of oxygen used for artificial pulmonary ventilation (APV) and oxygenation of blood outside lungs were studied in 27 patients with mitral and aortal valve diseases and ischemic disease before the operation and on its stages. Macroscopically unchanged lung regions were studied before the heart-lung apparatus switching, 40-45 minutes after clamping the artery in conditions of disturbed blood circulation and 10 minutes after hemostation in pulmonary artery. 6 patients were treated with 100% oxygen for 30 minutes before APV finishing while the other 6 previously received alpha-tocopherolum. Disturbance of the structure of the outermost cell membrane in type I alveolocytes and endotheliocytes, widening of basal layers and their fibers and disorders in the osmiophilic lamellar bodies were established to determine the severity of condition of patients with mitral valve diseases.

[A comparative evaluation of the changes in the lungs during open-heart operations using contact and membrane oxygenators]. / Sravnitel'naia otsenka izmenenii v legkikh pri operatsiiakh na otkrytom serdtse s ispol'zovaniem kontaktnykh i membrannykh oksigenatorov.

A comparative investigation of ultrastructural changes in the lungs of 28 cardiosurgical patients operated upon under conditions of bubble and membrane oxygenation of blood has established that the following trends are perspective for lessening the disturbances of the lung ultrastructure in operations on the open heart: shorter time of the first parallel blood flow when using bubble oxygenation, less trauma of the heart during artificial blood circulation due to the improved perfusion system, realization of the conditions of extrapulmonary oxygenation of blood, responsible for the prevention of hypoxic injuries of the lungs.