Design, develop, and implement the strategic information system on health, dependence, and healthy aging: an analysis of the Mexican experience.

BACKGROUND: The Decade of Healthy Aging (2021-2030) emerges as a 10 years strategy to improve the lives of older adults, their families, and the communities in which they live. One of the actions defined in this framework is related to improving the measurement, monitoring, and understanding of characteristics, factors, and needs related to aging and health. The aim was to analyze and assess the process of construction and development of the Strategic Information System on Health, Funcional Dependence and Aging (SIESDE, for its acronym in Spanish). SIESDE will provide strategic information in Mexico at the municipal, state, and national levels that support the public policies on healthy aging. METHODS: The system processes and analyzes the data sources of the Health Information Systems and the National System of Statistical and Geographical Information. SIESDE comprises three components: (1) Design, construction, and evaluation of the indicators; (2) storage, management, and visualization, and (3) diffusion and translation of information. RESULTS: A total of 135 indicators were built on seven themes: (1) demographic, socioeconomic, and aging conditions, (2) health, (3) functional dependence, (4) healthy aging, (5) health services, (6) social and physical environments, and (7) complex indicators. CONCLUSIONS: SIESDE is an effective system for providing an overall view of health, aging, and functional dependence.

Association of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio with age and 180-day mortality after emergency surgery.

BACKGROUND: To examine the relationship between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), age, and mortality rates after emergency surgery. METHODS: In this observational study, a total of 851 patients undergoing emergency surgery between January 2022 and January 2023 were retrospective examined. Using 30 and 180 days mortality data, NLR differences and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were analyzed using a 65-year threshold. A multiple logistic regression model was constructed incorporating age and NLR. Finally, Kaplan-Meier curves were constructed for mortality. RESULTS: Among 851 patients, the 30 and 180 days mortality rates were 5.2% and 10.8%, respectively. Median NLR in 30 days was 5.6 (3.1 to 9.6) in survivors and 8.7 (4.6 to 13.4) in deceased patients (p < 0.0001); in 180 days, it was 5.5 (3.1 to 9.8) and 8.8 (4.8 to 14.5), respectively (p < 0.0001). In the 30- and 180-days mortality analyses, median NLRs were 5.1 (2.9 to 8.9) and 4.9 (2.9 to 8.8) in survivors and 10.6 (6.9 to 16.6) and 9.3 (5.4 to 14.9) in deceased patients aged < 65 years, respectively. The ROC AUC in patients younger than 65 years was higher for 30 days (AUC 0.75; 95% CI 0.72 to 0.87) and 180 days (AUC 0.73; 95% CI 0.64 to 0.81). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that the NLR (odds ratio, 1.03 [95% CI 1.005 to 1.053; p = 0.0133) and age (odds ratio, 1.05 [95% CI 1.034 to 1.064; p < 0.0001) significantly contributed to the model. Survival analysis revealed differences in the 180 days mortality (p = 0.0006). CONCLUSION: We observed differences in preoperative NLR between patients who survived and those who died after emergency surgery. Age impacts the use of NLR as a mortality risk factor. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT06549101, retrospectively registered.

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement before to breast cancer management: case report and literature review.

Background: The coexistence of aortic stenosis (AS) and neoplastic pathology are common due to shared risk factors with atherosclerotic disease, such as diabetes, inflammatory conditions, and smoking. Severe AS in patients with cancer requires careful assessment in order to select the appropriate therapeutic choices and their timing (i.e. valve treatment first vs. cancer treatment first). Case summary: A 66-year-old woman with a history of smoking was admitted to our centre due to heart failure (HF). During her hospitalization, severe AS with severe ventricular dysfunction and cancer were documented. Because of her severe heart disease, she was unable to receive antineoplastic treatment. Therefore, she underwent percutaneous surgery to treat the aortic valve. After that, the management of cancer became possible, which included bilateral radical mastectomy and chemotherapy.We are presenting a case of cancer coexisting with aortic stenosis and reduced left ventricle ejection fraction. In this case, we performed Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) with the aim of improving the ejection fraction, followed by chemotherapy. Discussion: Cancer patients may be further disadvantaged by AS if it interferes with their treatment by increasing the risk associated with oncologic surgery and compounding the risks associated with cardiotoxicity and HF. Clinical trials and guidelines on TAVR exclude cohorts with limited life expectancy. Hence, the correct and optimal care for cancer patients with severe AS is complex. The TAVR, for cancer patients with severe AS, can more frequently be the best clinical choice by avoiding cardiopulmonary bypass, minimal invasiveness, and therefore, shorter recovery time.

Pesticides and winemaking: A comprehensive review of conventional and emerging approaches.

The use of pesticides in viticulture may play a crucial role in ensuring the health and quality of grapes. This review analyzes the most common pesticides used, illustrating their classification and toxicity, and their variations throughout the winemaking process. Fungicides are generally harmless or mildly toxic, whereas insecticides are classified as either highly or moderately hazardous. Potential alternatives to synthetic pesticides in wine production are also reviewed, thereby including biopesticides and biological agents. Analytical methods for detecting and quantifying pesticide residues in wine are then described, including liquid chromatography and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. This review also discusses the impact of the winemaking process on pesticide content. Pesticides with strong hydrophobicity were more likely to accumulate in solid byproducts, whereas hydrophilic pesticides were distributed more in the liquid phase. Grape's skin contains lipids, so hydrophobic pesticides adsorb strongly on grape surfaces and the clarification has been shown to be effective in the reduction of hydrophobic compounds. Therefore, the final wine could have more quantities of hydrophilic pesticides. Alcoholic fermentation has been shown to be crucial in pesticide dissipation. However, pesticide residues in wine have been shown an antagonistic effect on yeasts, affecting the safety and quality of wine products. Therefore, proteomic and genomic analyses of yeast growth are reviewed to understand the effects of pesticides on yeast during fermentation. The last section describes new effective methods used in removing pesticides from grapes and wine, thereby improving product quality and reducing harmful effects.

Water reviving Colorado delta.

Birds, trees rebound along once parched river, studies find.

Non-immune hydrops fetalis is associated with bi-allelic pathogenic variants in the MYB Binding Protein 1a (MYBBP1A) gene.

Non-immune hydrops fetalis (NIHF) is a rare entity characterized by excessive accumulation of fluid within the fetal extravascular compartments and body cavities. Here we present two intrauterine fetal demises with NIHF presenting with oligohydramnios, cystic hygroma, pleural effusion, and generalized hydrops with predominance of subcutaneous edema. The fetuses also presented with ascites, severe and precocious IUGR and skeletal anomalies. Whole exome sequencing was applied in order to screen for a possible genetic cause. The results identified biallelic variants in MYBBP1A in both fetuses. A previous report described another case with a similar phenotype having compound heterozygous variants in the same gene. The protein encoded by MYBBP1A is involved in several cellular processes including the synthesis of ribosomal DNA, the response to nucleolar stress, and tumor suppression. Our functional protein analysis through immunohistochemistry indicates that MYBBP1A is a gene expressed during fetal stages. Altogether, we concluded that MYBBP1A is associated with the development of hydrops fetalis. More cases and further studies are necessary to understand the role of this gene and the mechanism associated with NIHF.

Quantification of Total Sulfites in Shrimp by BIOFISH 300/3000 SUL Method, Collaborative Study: Final Action 2021.09.

BACKGROUND: In December 2021, the BIOFISH 300 SUL method for the determination of total sulfites in shrimp was adopted as First Action Official Method of AnalysisSM by the AOAC INTERNATIONAL. OBJECTIVE: A collaborative study was conducted in February 2023 in order to test the reproducibility of the method. METHOD: The method is based on the use of a benchtop biosensor device that relates the concentration of sulfite to a quantifiable electric current signal. The sensing element, the Biotest, harbors an enzyme that specifically oxidizes sulfite, and the reaction products are electrochemically detected by the device in less than 3 minutes. The sulfite is extracted from the solid using an aqueous based buffer solution, which ensures that all sulfite is present as a free anion. RESULTS: 11 collaborators participated in the study of nine different shrimp samples. Values of RSDr and RSDR obtained from the statistical analysis of valid data ranged from 2.1-8.1% and 7.5-14.3%, respectively, for shrimp samples above the quantification limit of the method, set at 7 mg/kg. CONCLUSIONS: These results showed good repeatability and reproducibility of the method, even at concentrations below the legal threshold for sulfite in food, where the reference Optimised Monier-Williams method shows relatively high imprecision.

High economic inequality is linked to greater moralization.

Throughout the 21st century, economic inequality is predicted to increase as we face new challenges, from changes in the technological landscape to the growing climate crisis. It is crucial we understand how these changes in inequality may affect how people think and behave. We propose that economic inequality threatens the social fabric of society, in turn increasing moralization-that is, the greater tendency to employ or emphasize morality in everyday life-as an attempt to restore order and control. Using longitudinal data from X, formerly known as Twitter, our first study demonstrates that high economic inequality is associated with greater use of moral language online (e.g. the use of words such as "disgust", "hurt", and "respect'). Study 2 then examined data from 41 regions around the world, generally showing that higher inequality has a small association with harsher moral judgments of people's everyday actions. Together these findings demonstrate that economic inequality is linked to the tendency to see the world through a moral lens.

Left in the dust.

Communities living near mine wastes breathe air laden with potentially toxic dust. Health effects are now emerging.

Comprehensive analysis of contaminants in Brazilian infant formulas: Application of QuEChERS coupled with UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS and suspect screening-unknown analysis by UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS.

Infant formulas (IF) can contain harmful chemical substances, such as pesticides and mycotoxins, resulting from the contamination of raw materials and inputs used in the production chain, which can cause adverse effects to infants. Therefore, the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) methodology prior ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPL-QqQ-MS/MS) analysis was applied for the determination of 23 contaminants, in 30 samples of Brazilian IF. The method was validated in terms of limit of detection (0.2 to 0.4 µg/kg), limits of quantification (1 and 10 µg/kg), and recovery (64 % to 122 %); precision values, in terms of relative standard deviation (RSD), were ≤ 20 %. Fenitrothion, chlorpyrifos, and bifenthrin were the pesticides detected in the samples, but the values did not exceed the limit set by the European Union (EU), and ANVISA, and they were detected under their limits of quantification. Additionally, suspect screening and unknown analysis were conducted to tentatively identify 32 substances, including some compounds not covered in this study, such as pesticides, hormones, and veterinary drugs. Carbofuran was identified, confirmed and quantified in 10 % of the samples.

Degradation of limonene and trans-cinnamaldehyde in soil, and detection of their metabolites by UHPLC and GC-HRMS.

Two commercial biopesticides were studied to determine their persistence in two soil types, such as sandy clay loam and clay loam soils. For this purpose, an orange oil-based biopesticide was used, being limonene its main ingredient. The other biopesticide was based on cinnamon extract and trans-cinnamaldehyde as its main component. Degradation of these compounds was monitored, and transformation products or metabolites were detected. Limonene and its metabolites were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and trans-cinnamaldehyde by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC). Both techniques were coupled to a high-resolution mass (HRMS) analyzer, such as quadrupole (Q)-Orbitrap. Limonene and trans-cinnamaldehyde were rapidly degraded as result of first-order kinetics. Possible metabolites such as thymol, cymene, isoterpinolene and cymenene for limonene, and hydroxycinnamic acid for trans-cinnamaldehyde were tentatively identified. Moreover, four other metabolites of trans-cinnamaldehyde, some of them not previously described, were also detected.

Tracing the dissipation of difenoconazole, its metabolites and co-formulants in tomato: A comprehensive analysis by chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry in laboratory and greenhouse trials.

The study evaluated Ceremonia 25 EC®, a plant protection product (PPP) containing difenoconazole, in tomato crops, to identify potential risks associated with PPPs, and in addition to this compound, known metabolites from difenoconazole degradation and co-formulants present in the PPP were monitored. An ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole-Orbitrap mass analyser (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS) method was validated with a working range of 2 µg/kg (limit of quantification, LOQ) to 200 µg/kg. Difenoconazole degradation followed a biphasic double first-order in parallel (DFOP) kinetic model in laboratory and greenhouse trials, with high accuracy (R2 > 0.9965). CGA-205374, difenoconazole-alcohol, and hydroxy-difenoconazole metabolites were tentatively identified and semi-quantified in laboratory trials by UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS from day 2 to day 30. No metabolites were found in greenhouse trials. Additionally, 13 volatile co-formulants were tentatively identified by gas chromatography (GC) coupled to Q-Orbitrap-MS, detectable up to the 7th day after PPP application. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of difenoconazole dissipation in tomatoes, identification of metabolites, and detection of co-formulants associated with the applied PPP.

Improved Recovery of Complete Spinal Cord Transection by a Plasma-Modified Fibrillar Scaffold.

Complete spinal cord injury causes an irreversible disruption in the central nervous system, leading to motor, sensory, and autonomic function loss, and a secondary injury that constitutes a physical barrier preventing tissue repair. Tissue engineering scaffolds are presented as a permissive platform for cell migration and the reconnection of spared tissue. Iodine-doped plasma pyrrole polymer (pPPy-I), a neuroprotective material, was applied to polylactic acid (PLA) fibers and implanted in a rat complete spinal cord transection injury model to evaluate whether the resulting composite implants provided structural and functional recovery, using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, diffusion tensor imaging and tractography, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, locomotion analysis, histology, and immunofluorescence. In vivo, MR studies evidenced a tissue response to the implant, demonstrating that the fibrillar composite scaffold moderated the structural effects of secondary damage by providing mechanical stability to the lesion core, tissue reconstruction, and significant motor recovery. Histologic analyses demonstrated that the composite scaffold provided a permissive environment for cell attachment and neural tissue guidance over the fibers, reducing cyst formation. These results supply evidence that pPPy-I enhanced the properties of PLA fibrillar scaffolds as a promising treatment for spinal cord injury recovery.

High risk of coronary artery obstruction during TAVR, how to avoid it?

BACKGROUND: Coronary artery obstruction after percutaneous aortic replacement is a complication with high short-term mortality secondary to the lack of timely treatment. There are various predictors of coronary obstruction prior to valve placement such as the distance from the ostia, the degree of calcification, the distance from the sinuses; In such a situation some measures must be taken to prevent and treat coronary obstruction. CASE PRESENTATION: An 84-year-old male, with severe aortic stenosis and high surgical risk, who was treated with TAVR. However, during the deployment of the valve he presented hemodynamic instability secondary to LMCA obstruction. The intravascular image showed obstruction of the ostium secondary to the displacement of calcium that he was successfully treated with a chimney stent technique. CONCLUSIONS: The high degree of calcification and the left ostium near the annulus are conditions for obstruction of the ostium at the time of valve release; In this context, provisional stenting prior to TAVR in patients at high risk of obstruction should be considered as a safe prevention strategy to achieve the success of the procedure.

Populism, Economic Distress, Cultural Backlash, and Identity Threat: Integrating Patterns and Testing Cross-National Validity.

Populism is on the rise across liberal democracies. The sociopsychological underpinnings of this increasing endorsement of populist ideology should be uncovered. In an online cross-sectional survey study among adult samples from five countries (Chile, France, Italy, Romania, and the United Kingdom; N = 9,105), we aimed to replicate an economic distress pattern in which relative deprivation and identity threat are associated with populism. We further tested a cultural backlash pattern-including perceived anomie, collective narcissism, and identity threat as predictors of populism. Multigroup structural equation models supported both economic distress and cultural backlash paths as predictors of populist thin ideology endorsement. In both paths, identity threat to belonging played a significant role as partial mediator. Furthermore, an integrative model showed that the two patterns were not mutually exclusive. These findings emphasize the implication of identity threat to belonging as an explanatory mediator and demonstrate the cross-national generalizability of these patterns.

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement planning with cardiac computed tomography in quadricuspid aortic valve stenosis: a case series.

Background: The presence of severe aortic stenosis in quadricuspid aortic valve (QAV) is an extremely rare combination, and it is unknown whether transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a safe option due to the low incidence. Case summary: We present two patients diagnosed with severe aortic stenosis with QAV morphology type 1 (Nakamura classification). All patients presented to our hospital for evaluation because of worsening functional class, dyspnoea, or syncope. During tomographic planning, the aortic annulus was measured at the level of the deepest sinus for the selection of the number of devices. Due to the presence of four cusps, the smallest cusp was excluded, and three sinuses were virtualized for placement of the pigtail catheter during the procedure. Without complications, a 23 mm Edwards SAPIEN 3 was deployed through the femoral artery in both patients. Control aortography showed no valve leakage or regurgitation. Discussion: In patients with QAV and aortic stenosis undergoing TAVR, similar to the tricuspid valve, tomographic planning can be used to ensure the success of the procedure. However, unlike the tricuspid valve, where the selection of the device number is based on the measurements of the aortic annulus at the level of the non-coronary sinus, in these QAV cases, we perform the measurements at the level of the deepest aortic sinus (right coronary sinus).

The use of GNSS technology in smartphones to collect sensitive data on human mobility practices: Ethical challenges and potential solutions.

The advent of mobile smartphones and similar technology has opened new opportunities for studying human mobility within psychology and companion disciplines such as human geography, demography, and sociology. This article examines how such research raises novel ethical concerns. To do so, we outline two research projects: one based in Northern Ireland (The Belfast Mobility Project) and the other in Chile (The Norm-Contact Mobility Project), drawing concrete examples of the ethical challenges encountered throughout both projects, which used global navigational satellite systems as a tool for data collection. We discuss new threats to participant confidentiality and anonymity, problems of "unanticipated" data collection and exploitation, emerging difficulties in achieving properly informed consent, and concerns regarding the representation of vulnerable populations with limited access to smartphones and a legitimate fear of surveillance. We also reflect on the different measures we took to tackle these challenges and discuss the importance of implementing wider changes in the protocols associated with basic ethical research principles. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Development of novel methods based on GC-HRMS and LC-HRMS for the determination of non-phthalate plasticizers in soil.

Non-phthalate plasticizers (NPPs) are a suitable alternative to phthalates, which are harmful compounds for human, animal health, and the environment. In this study, 28 commercial non-phthalate plasticizers (NPPs) from different families, including adipates, citrates, phosphates, sebacates, trimellitates, benzoates and cyclohexanoates, were determined. Two novel methods for determining these alternative compounds in soil were developed using gas chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS-Q-Orbitrap) and liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS-Q-Orbitrap). Solid-liquid extraction (SLE) with ethyl acetate or acetonitrile, along with water as extraction solvents, were employed. In most cases, the GC method exhibited recoveries ranging from 84.9 % to 110.8 % at 20, 40 and 200 µg/kg, while the LC method achieved recoveries between 73.1 % and 115.4 % at 10, 20, 40 and 200 µg/kg. Most of the relative standard deviation (RSD) values were below 20 % for both methods. The validated methods were then applied to analyse soil samples collected from four different areas in Almeria. The results indicated that the compounds detected most frequently at high concentrations were 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (HCPK) using GC, in the range 29.1-67.4 µg/kg and 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate (TXIB) using LC, in the range 39.9-51.5 µg/kg. Additionally, suspect and unknown analysis were carried out, and other plasticizers as phthalates, were also detected, in addition to other substances present in the analysed samples. All the soils exhibited the presence of a few plasticizers, either phthalic and/or non-phthalic.