Genetic structure of the Canarian palm tree (Phoenix canariensis) at the island scale: does the 'island within islands' concept apply to species with high colonisation ability?

Oceanic islands are dynamic settings that often promote within-island patterns of strong population differentiation. Species with high colonisation abilities, however, are less likely to be affected by genetic barriers, but island size may impact on species genetic structure regardless of dispersal ability. The aim of the present study was to identify the patterns and factors responsible for the structure of genetic diversity at the island scale in Phoenix canariensis, a palm species with high dispersal potential. To this end, we conducted extensive population sampling on the three Canary Islands where the species is more abundant and assessed patterns of genetic variation at eight microsatellite loci, considering different within-island scales. Our analyses revealed significant genetic structure on each of the three islands analysed, but the patterns and level of structure differed greatly among islands. Thus, genetic differentiation fitted an isolation-by-distance pattern on islands with high population densities (La Gomera and Gran Canaria), but such a pattern was not found on Tenerife due to strong isolation between colonised areas. In addition, we found a positive correlation between population geographic isolation and fine-scale genetic structure. This study highlights that island size is not necessarily a factor causing strong population differentiation on large islands, whereas high colonisation ability does not always promote genetic connectivity among neighbouring populations. The spatial distribution of populations (i.e. landscape occupancy) can thus be a more important driver of plant genetic structure than other island, or species' life-history attributes.

Traqueomalacia en paciente con amiloidosis traqueobronquial / Tracheomalacia in a patient with tracheobronchial amyloidosis

No disponible

Deciphering the virulence factors of the opportunistic pathogen Mycobacterium colombiense.

Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) contains clinically important nontuberculous mycobacteria worldwide and is the second largest medical complex in the Mycobacterium genus after the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. MAC comprises several species that are closely phylogenetically related but diverse regarding their host preference, course of disease, virulence and immune response. In this study we provided immunologic and virulence-related insights into the M. colombiense genome as a model of an opportunistic pathogen in the MAC. By using bioinformatic tools we found that M. colombiense has deletions in the genes involved in p-HBA/PDIM/PGL, PLC, SL-1 and HspX production, and loss of the ESX-1 locus. This information not only sheds light on our understanding the virulence mechanisms used by opportunistic MAC pathogens but also has great potential for the designing of species-specific diagnostic tools.

De la Secuenciación a la Aceleración Hardware de los Programas de Alineación de ADN, una Revisión Integral / From sequencing to hardware acceleration of DNA alignment software: A integral review

En los últimos años ha ocurrido un avance impresionante en las máquinas de secuenciación paralela masiva, también llamadas de secuenciación de siguiente generación (NGS), por ejemplo, máquinas recientes como Illumina Hiseq son capaces de generar millones de lecturas en una sola corrida. No obstante, estas tecnologías están limitadas a secuenciar solo fragmentos pequeños de material genético (entre 35 y 1100 nucleótidos), por lo que para secuenciar un genoma completo es necesario dividir la cadena, secuenciar y posteriormente ensamblar las lecturas cortas obtenidas. En este trabajo se revisan y comparan las tecnologías de secuenciación recientes, se estudia el proceso de ensamble de genomas completos y se establece formalmente el problema de la alineación. También se incluye un resumen de los principales programas de alineación y sus algoritmos que lo soportan. Finalmente, después de concluir que las tecnologías de secuenciación han superado en velocidad por un factor mayor a 10x a los programas de alineación, se revisa la aceleración Hardware como alternativa para acelerar tales programas. Este trabajo al ser una revisión integral pretende contribuir al desarrollo de investigación en el área de bioinformática en el país.

In recent years, impressive progress has occurred in the machines of massively parallel sequencing, also called of next-generation sequencing (NGS), for example, recent machines like Illumina HiSeq are capable of generating millions of reads in a single run. However, these technologies are limited to sequence only small fragments of genetic material (35 to 1100 nucleotides), so that for complete-genome sequencing, it is necessary to divide the chain, to sequence the fragments, and, subsequently, to assemble the obtained short readings. In this paper, the recent NGS sequencing technologies are reviewed and compared, analyzing the problem of sequence assembly, and formally establishing the problem of alignment. Also, it is examined the main alignment programs and the algorithms that support them. Finally, after concluding that sequencing technologies have speed that exceeds 10 times to the speed of the alignment programs, the hardware acceleration is reviewed as an alternative to accelerate these programs. This work, which is a comprehensive analysis and review, aims to contribute to the development of the research in the area of bioinformatics in the country.

Low power laser stimulation of the bone consolidation in tibial fractures of rats: a radiologic and histopathological analysis.

The objective of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of low power laser irradiation in the bone consolidation of tibial fractures in rats. An experimental, comparative, prospective study with control group was designed. Twenty Wistar rats were grouped into control (n = 10) and experimental groups (n = 10). A tibial fracture, with a mechanical drill, was inflicted in all rats. The experimental group received ten days of low power arsenide-gallium laser irradiation of 850 nm (KLD, Sao Paulo, Brasil)-100 mW, 8 J/cm(2), 64 s. Before and after the laser treatment, a radiologic analysis was carried out in both groups, in which the rats were graded from 0 to IV according the Montoya scale of bone consolidation. Also, we histopathologically analyzed the bone to estimate the proliferation of fibroblasts, bone matrix, and angiogénesis with a microscopy, which were graded as I (thin layer of fibroblasts and osteoid matrix), II (thick layer of fibroblasts and osteoid matrix), or III (thick layer of fibroblasts and osteoid matrix and new blood vessels). Radiologic data showed that the experimental group had a higher bone consolidation of Montoya scale after ten days of laser irradiation compared to control group (P < 0.004). Histopathologic data showed more fibroblasts and angiogenesis presence in the group receiving laser irradiation, compared to control group (P < .002). The low power laser radiation therapy may expedite the bone repair after tibial fractures in rats, according to radiologic and histopathologic analysis.

Patterns of pollen dispersal in a small population of the Canarian endemic palm (Phoenix canariensis).

The genetic diversity of small populations is greatly influenced by local dispersal patterns and genetic connectivity among populations, with pollen dispersal being the major component of gene flow in many plants species. Patterns of pollen dispersal, mating system parameters and spatial genetic structure were investigated in a small isolated population of the emblematic palm Phoenix canariensis in Gran Canaria island (Canary Islands). All adult palms present in the study population (n=182), as well as 616 seeds collected from 22 female palms, were mapped and genotyped at 8 microsatellite loci. Mating system analysis revealed an average of 5.8 effective pollen donors (Nep) per female. There was strong variation in correlated paternity rates across maternal progenies (ranging from null to 0.9) that could not be explained by the location and density of local males around focal females. Paternity analysis revealed a mean effective pollen dispersal distance of ∼71 m, with ∼70% of effective pollen originating from a distance of <75 m, and 90% from <200 m. A spatially explicit mating model indicated a leptokurtic pollen dispersal kernel, significant pollen immigration (12%) from external palm groves and a directional pollen dispersal pattern that seems consistent with local altitudinal air movement. No evidence of inbreeding or genetic diversity erosion was found, but spatial genetic structure was detected in the small palm population. Overall, the results suggest substantial pollen dispersal over the studied population, genetic connectivity among different palm groves and some resilience to neutral genetic erosion and subsequently to fragmentation.

Náuseas y vómitos postoperatorios en cirugía mayor traumatológica / Postoperative nausea and vomiting in major trauma surgery

Objetivo: Las náuseas y vómitos son complicaciones frecuentes durante el postoperatorio, causan un gran malestar en el paciente y pueden aumentar la morbilidad. El objetivo de nuestro estudio es determinar la prevalencia de náuseas y vómitos postoperatorios (NVPO), qué factores influyen en su aparición y obtener un modelo predictivo de factores pronóstico. Método Se realizó un estudio observacional prospectivo a 201 pacientes intervenidos de cirugía mayor Traumatológica y Ortopédica en el año 2008. Para la recogida de datos se elaboró un cuestionario que constaba de los datos demográficos del paciente, de los intraoperatorios, de los postoperatorios y del registro del tratamiento antiemético postoperatorio según el protocolo del servicio. Resultados Presentaron NVPO el 39,8% de los pacientes. Del total de mujeres padecieron NVPO el 46,6% y el 75% eran pacientes con antecedentes de NVPO previos. Se obtuvo mayor prevalencia en cirugías consideradas más agresivas. El horario en el que hubo mayor número de episodios fue a las 17 y 19 h PM y a las 8 h a. m. Obtuvimos nuestro modelo predictivo a partir de la siguiente fórmula: Y (probabilidad de náuseas y vómitos)=−1,334+0,753*S+1,5602*NVP+0,769*IQa. Conclusiones La prevalencia de NVPO en este estudio ha sido elevada, ya que más de un tercio de la población estudiada las presentaron. El modelo predictivo nos permitirá saber cuál es el riesgo de cada paciente de padecer NVPO, y por lo tanto marcará la estrategia terapéutica tanto preoperatoria como postoperatoria. Ser mujer, tener antecedentes de náuseas y vómitos previos y estar sometido a una cirugía agresiva son factores de riesgo. La movilización del paciente y las visitas de los familiares producen mayor número de episodios de NVPO (AU)

Objective: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are common complications during the postoperative period, causing important discomfort to the patient and also can increase morbidity. The objective of our article is to predict the prevalence of postoperative nausea and vomiting, the factors that have an influence on its appearance, and to obtain a predictive model based on prognostic factors. Method: A prospective observational study was conducted on 201 patients who underwent major Orthopaedic and Trauma surgery during the year 2008. A questionnaire was designed to collect the required data as established previously by a standardized protocol, in which was requested, patient demographics, intraoperative and postoperative data, as well as details on any antiemetic treatment that was needed in the recovery ward. Results: A total of 39.8% patients suffered PONV. Of the females, 46.6% suffered PONV, and 75% had previous history of PONV. A higher prevalence was observed in patients who were subjected to more aggressive surgery. There was a concentration of cases between 5 pm and 7 pm, and also at 8 am. The predictive model was obtained from this formula: Y = −1,334 + 0,753*S + 1,5602*NVP + 0,769*IQa. Conclusions: The prevalence of PONV in this study has been high, as more a third of the studied population suffered from it. The predictive model should help determine the specific risk of each patient of suffering from PONV, thus being able to define a therapeutic strategy during the preoperative period as well as during the postoperative period. Being female, a previous history of PONV, and undergoing an aggressive surgical procedure are risk factors. Patient mobilization and family visits increase the number of PONV episodes (AU)

[Postoperative nausea and vomiting in major trauma surgery]. / Náuseas y vómitos postoperatorios en cirugía mayor traumatológica.

OBJECTIVE: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are common complications during the postoperative period, causing important discomfort to the patient and also can increase morbidity. The objective of our article is to predict the prevalence of postoperative nausea and vomiting, the factors that have an influence on its appearance, and to obtain a predictive model based on prognostic factors. METHOD: A prospective observational study was conducted on 201 patients who underwent major Orthopaedic and Trauma surgery during the year 2008. A questionnaire was designed to collect the required data as established previously by a standardized protocol, in which was requested, patient demographics, intraoperative and postoperative data, as well as details on any antiemetic treatment that was needed in the recovery ward. RESULTS: A total of 39.8% patients suffered PONV. Of the females, 46.6% suffered PONV, and 75% had previous history of PONV. A higher prevalence was observed in patients who were subjected to more aggressive surgery. There was a concentration of cases between 5 pm and 7 pm, and also at 8 am. The predictive model was obtained from this formula: Y= -1,334 + 0,753*S + 1,5602*NVP + 0,769*IQa CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of PONV in this study has been high, as more a third of the studied population suffered from it. The predictive model should help determine the specific risk of each patient of suffering from PONV, thus being able to define a therapeutic strategy during the preoperative period as well as during the postoperative period. Being female, a previous history of PONV, and undergoing an aggressive surgical procedure are risk factors. Patient mobilization and family visits increase the number of PONV episodes.

Benchmarking en el proceso de urgencias entre siete hospitales de diferentes comunidades autónomas / Benchmarking in the emergency unit process in 7 hospitals from different autonomous communities

Objetivo. Identificar y compartir los mejores resultados entre hospitales respecto al proceso de atención de urgencias, detectar las prácticas que expliquen las diferencias e identificar buenas prácticas. Material y método. Ámbito: 7 hospitales de diferentes comunidades autónomas. Periodo de estudio: 2005-2007. Se definieron los criterios de comparabilidad asegurando la homotecia. Se seleccionaron 11 criterios, y se establecieron 7 indicadores para comparar los hospitales, analizándose los datos de los últimos 3 años, estableciendo el benchmark (servicio con los mejores resultados) entre los centros. Se elaboró un cuestionario sobre el proceso, sobre las etapas, los resultados y los procedimientos usados en cada etapa del proceso en cada centro. Resultados. Se ha comprobado la homotecia entre los 7 hospitales, identificándose algunas diferencias entre centros. Se han analizado 7 indicadores, correspondiendo a 1.526.890 pacientes atendidos en el periodo de estudio. Se ha identificado un benchmark, con los mejores resultados en 4 de los indicadores: porcentaje de ingresos desde urgencias del 8,3%, presión de urgencias del 56,14%, tiempo de estancia en urgencias, 2h y 20min, y porcentaje de pacientes con estancia de más de 24h, 0,05%. Se han analizado las diferencias en las etapas del proceso, los recursos y procedimientos utilizados en cada etapa en el centro benchmark con el resto que puedan explicar mejores resultados. Conclusiones. Se ha establecido un conjunto de indicadores para identificar el benchmark entre los servicios de urgencias. Con dichos indicadores se ha establecido el benchmark(AU)

Objective. To identify and to share the results among hospitals regarding the process of attention at the Emergency Unit, and to detect the practices that explain the differences. Material and method. Setting: 7 hospitals of different regions in Spain. Period of study: 2005-2007. Firstly the comparability criteria were defined assuring the homotecia in the «emergency process». In order to fulfil the study objectives, 11 criteria were selected and every center sent the information of each one. 7 indicators were identified to compare hospitals processes’. Data regarding all the attentions provided during the study period was analyzed, establishing the benchmark among the centers. Finally, a questionnaire was elaborated for the process analysis, considering all the stages of the process, the resources and the procedures used in every stage, to be fulfilled in each hospital. Results. The homotecia has been verified in the 7 hospitals, with some differences between centers. 7 indicators have been analyzed in the different hospitals, corresponding to 1 526 890 patients attended in the study period. A benchmark has been identified, with the best results in four of seven indicators: % of admissions from urgencies: 8.3%, emergency pressure: 56.14%, emergency length of stay: 2 hs 20min, and % of patients with length stay > 24h: 0.05%. Differences between the stages of the process, resources and procedures used in every stage in the benchmark center have been analyzed. Conclusions. A set of indicators to compare Emergency Departments has been identified, letting us establish the benchmark(AU)

[Benchmarking in the emergency unit process in 7 hospitals from different autonomous communities]. / Benchmarking en el proceso de urgencias entre siete hospitales de diferentes comunidades autónomas.

OBJECTIVE: To identify and to share the results among hospitals regarding the process of attention at the Emergency Unit, and to detect the practices that explain the differences. SETTING: 7 hospitals of different regions in Spain. PERIOD OF STUDY: 2005-2007. Firstly the comparability criteria were defined assuring the homotecia in the «emergency process¼. In order to fulfil the study objectives, 11 criteria were selected and every center sent the information of each one. 7 indicators were identified to compare hospitals processes'. Data regarding all the attentions provided during the study period was analyzed, establishing the benchmark among the centers. Finally, a questionnaire was elaborated for the process analysis, considering all the stages of the process, the resources and the procedures used in every stage, to be fulfilled in each hospital. RESULTS: The homotecia has been verified in the 7 hospitals, with some differences between centers. 7 indicators have been analyzed in the different hospitals, corresponding to 1,526,890 patients attended in the study period. A benchmark has been identified, with the best results in four of seven indicators: % of admissions from urgencies: 8.3%, emergency pressure: 56.14%, emergency length of stay: 2 hs 20min, and % of patients with length stay > 24h: 0.05%. Differences between the stages of the process, resources and procedures used in every stage in the benchmark center have been analyzed. CONCLUSIONS: A set of indicators to compare Emergency Departments has been identified, letting us establish the benchmark.

Impact of administration of vancomycin or linezolid to critically ill patients with impaired renal function.

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of vancomycin (VAN) versus linezolid (LZD) on renal function in patients with renal failure (RF) admitted to intensive care units. This was a multicenter, retrospective, comparative cohort study. Renal failure patients were treated with VAN or LZD for proven or suspected infections by multiresistant Gram-positive cocci. Changes in plasma creatinine levels and creatinine clearance at the start and end of treatment were used as endpoints. A total of 147 patients were treated with VAN (group A, n = 68) or LZD (group B, n = 79). Group B included more patients with diabetes mellitus [9 (13.2%) vs. 25 (31.6%); p = 0.007], septic shock [39 (57.4%) vs. 60 (75.9%); p = 0.013] and greater RF (mean ClCr 42.24 ml/min vs. 37.57 ml/min; p = 0.04). Renal function improved in patients from both groups who did not require renal replacement therapy. A greater improvement was seen in group B [percent decrease in Cr (27.94 vs. 9.48; p = 0.02) and percent increase in ClCr (95.96 vs. 55.06; p = 0.05)]. In group A, nine patients (13.2%) experienced an antibiotic-related increase in RF, and antibiotic was discontinued in five patients due to adverse effects. It is reasonable to avoid use of VAN in critically ill patients with acute renal failure.

Bioremediation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene under field conditions.

In situ bioremediation of the nitroaromatic explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) provides a cost-effective alternative for cleaning up contaminated sites. Here we compare the effectiveness of several bioremediation techniques: natural attenuation, bioaugmentation with TNT-degrading Pseudomonas putida JLR11, phytoremediation with maize (Zea mays L.) and broad beans (Vicia faba L.), and rhizoremediation with maize and broad beans inoculated with P. putida JLR11. Experiments in spiked hydroponic medium demonstrated that inoculation with bacteria did not affect TNT levels. On the other hand, axenic plants were able to remove 32% to 38% of the TNT from the medium. However, when plants were inoculated with bacteria,TNT disappeared to an even greater extent (80% to 88%), a result that advocates a role for P. putida JLR11 in rhizoremediation. In field experiments neither natural attenuation nor bioaugmentation with P. putida JLR11 affected TNT levels to a significant degree. However, the extractable TNT content in rhizosphere soil associated to maize roots decreased by more than 96% in 60 days regardless of inoculation. This indicates that under these field conditions, the effect of phytoremediation by maize overshadowed any effect of rhizoremediation by P. putida JLR11.

Ventilación mecánica no invasiva en pediatría. Complicaciones más frecuentes / No disponible

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Escherichia coli has multiple enzymes that attack TNT and release nitrogen for growth.

There has been a growing interest in the degradation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) over the last decade, ever since its removal from polluted sites was declared an international environmental priority. Certain aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms are capable of using TNT as an N source, although very few studies have proven the mineralization of this compound. An unexpected observation in our laboratory led us to discover that certain Escherichia coli bench laboratory strains have multiple enzymes that attack TNT. One of the NemA products is responsible for the release of nitrite from the nitroaromatic ring: among the metabolites observed in vitro include Meisenheimer dihydride complexes of TNT from which 2-hydroxylamino-6-nitrotoluene is slowly formed during their rearomatization under concomitant release of nitrite. Furthermore, NemA, together with NfsA and NfsB reduce the nitro groups on the aromatic ring to the corresponding hydroxylamino derivatives, which probably results in the release of ammonium ions which can, in turn be used as a nitrogen source by E. coli for growth.

Propuesta de un sistema interno de propiedad intelectual como política institucional de información de las universidades cubanas: estudio de un caso: la Universidad de Pinar del Río / Proposal of an internal system of intellectual property as an institutional information policy in Cuban universities: A case study: University of Pinar del Río

En Cuba, a pesar de la creación de un nuevo modelo de ciencia e innovación y de las emprendedoras acciones realizadas por la alta dirección del país e integrantes del Sistema de Ciencia e Innovación Tecnológica, resultan aún insuficientes los resultados de la actividad de la ciencia y la tecnología, en particular los resultados tecnológicos de los proyectos de investigación y desarrollo (I+D) de las universidades como actividades dinamizadoras de la economía nacional. Además, se padece de los innumerables conflictos que imponen los nuevos entornos tecnológicos a países en vías de desarrollo, como sucede con el resto de América Latina. Una de sus causas es la escasa cultura que poseen, tanto estudiantes como profesores e investigadores, sobre los nuevos entornos, propiedad industrial e innovación tecnológica. Ante esta situación, un grupo de profesionales de la información han propuesto, mediante un caso de estudio, la aprobación e implementación de una política de información institucional de estricto cumplimiento que apoye la incorporación de todos los conocimientos necesarios en estas temáticas y propicie la creación de una cultura de pensamiento tecnológico importante para iniciar una investigación. El sistema interno de propiedad intelectual que se propone para la Universidad de Pinar del Río como política institucional de información posibilita, entre otros beneficios, ofrecer nuevos servicios de información tecnológica(AU)

In Cuba, despite the creation of a new model of science and innovation, and the outstanding actions taken by the top leadership of the country and the members of the Technological and Scientific Innovation System, the results of the scientific and technological activities are still insufficient, particularly the technological results of the research and development projects (R & D) of the universities seen as boosting activities to refresh the national economy. Also, they face the countless conflicts imposed by the new technological environments on the developing countries, particularly in Latin America. One of the causes is the poor knowledge of students, as well as professors and researchers on such new environments, the industrial property and the technological innovation. Before this situation, a group of information professionals has put forward a proposal by means of a case study for the approval and immediate implementation of a compulsory institutional information policy that will support the incorporation of all necessary knowledge in this topic and will foster the creation of a technological thinking culture needed to start a research work. The suggested internal system of intellectual property for the University of Pinar del Río province as institutional information policy makes, among other benefits, the offering of new technological information services possible(AU)

Propuesta de un sistema interno de propiedad intelectual como política institucional de información de las universidades cubanas: estudio de un caso: la Universidad de Pinar del Río / Proposal of an internal system of intellectual property as an institutional information policy in Cuban universities: A case study: University of Pinar del Río

En Cuba, a pesar de la creación de un nuevo modelo de ciencia e innovación y de las emprendedoras acciones realizadas por la alta dirección del país e integrantes del Sistema de Ciencia e Innovación Tecnológica, resultan aún insuficientes los resultados de la actividad de la ciencia y la tecnología, en particular los resultados tecnológicos de los proyectos de investigación y desarrollo (I+D) de las universidades como actividades dinamizadoras de la economía nacional. Además, se padece de los innumerables conflictos que imponen los nuevos entornos tecnológicos a países en vías de desarrollo, como sucede con el resto de América Latina. Una de sus causas es la escasa cultura que poseen, tanto estudiantes como profesores e investigadores, sobre los nuevos entornos, propiedad industrial e innovación tecnológica. Ante esta situación, un grupo de profesionales de la información han propuesto, mediante un caso de estudio, la aprobación e implementación de una política de información institucional de estricto cumplimiento que apoye la incorporación de todos los conocimientos necesarios en estas temáticas y propicie la creación de una cultura de pensamiento tecnológico importante para iniciar una investigación. El sistema interno de propiedad intelectual que se propone para la Universidad de Pinar del Río como política institucional de información posibilita, entre otros beneficios, ofrecer nuevos servicios de información tecnológica.

In Cuba, despite the creation of a new model of science and innovation, and the outstanding actions taken by the top leadership of the country and the members of the Technological and Scientific Innovation System, the results of the scientific and technological activities are still insufficient, particularly the technological results of the research and development projects (R & D) of the universities seen as boosting activities to refresh the national economy. Also, they face the countless conflicts imposed by the new technological environments on the developing countries, particularly in Latin America. One of the causes is the poor knowledge of students, as well as professors and researchers on such new environments, the industrial property and the technological innovation. Before this situation, a group of information professionals has put forward a proposal by means of a case study for the approval and immediate implementation of a compulsory institutional information policy that will support the incorporation of all necessary knowledge in this topic and will foster the creation of a technological thinking culture needed to start a research work. The suggested internal system of intellectual property for the University of Pinar del Río province as institutional information policy makes, among other benefits, the offering of new technological information services possible.

Hallazgo con gammagrafía con citrato de galio-67 de enfermedad de Paget en mujer con linfoma gástrico / Finding with scintigraphy with 67-gallium citrate of Paget’s disease in a woman with gastric lymphoma

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[Prosthetic knee infection caused by Listeria monocytogenes in a woman with rheumatoid arthritis and Waldenström s macroglobulinemia]. / Artritis séptica por Listeria monocytogenes sobre rodilla protésica en una paciente con artritis reumatoide y macroglobulinemia de Waldenström.

Listeria are gram-positive bacilli that can be isolated from soil and in the normal fecal flora of many mammals. It is a uncommon pathogen in the general population, but immunocompromised individuals can develop several focal infections, most notably meningoencephalitis and sepsis. Nevertheless, infectious arthritis caused by Listeria monocytogenes is a exceptional event. We report a new case of prosthetic knee arthritis due to Listeria in a woman with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis and Waldenström s macroglobulinemia receiving prednisone and methotrexate. In addition, we review the literature on listeria joint infections.