RESUMEN
In this work, Raman spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations were used to elucidate key interactions between polyethylene glycol (PEG) and phosphoric acid (H3PO4) in aqueous two-phase systems for the extraction of phosphoric acid. Extensive molecular dynamics simulations were performed, and radial distribution functions as well as hydrogen bonds between PEG and other molecules were measured. Experimental data were used in combination with the slope method to infer PEG-H3PO4 interactions, and the interpretation is consistent with molecular simulation results. Based on our experimental and simulation results, we propose a solvation mechanism governed by hydrogen bonding interactions: at low concentrations of H3PO4 within the polymer-rich aqueous solution, entropy dominates and phosphoric acid molecules have weak interactions with PEG; as the concentration of phosphoric acid increases above a certain critical value, enthalpy dominates with PEG molecules interacting strongly with H3PO4 molecules via hydrogen bonds.
Asunto(s)
Anafilaxia , Vacunas contra la COVID-19 , COVID-19 , Polietilenglicoles , Humanos , Anafilaxia/etiología , Anafilaxia/inducido químicamente , COVID-19/prevención & control , Vacunas contra la COVID-19/administración & dosificación , Polietilenglicoles/efectos adversos , Polisorbatos/efectos adversos , SARS-CoV-2Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos , Dipirona , Hipersensibilidad a las Drogas , Hipersensibilidad Tardía , Ibuprofeno , Humanos , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/efectos adversos , Dipirona/efectos adversos , Hipersensibilidad a las Drogas/diagnóstico , Hipersensibilidad Tardía/diagnóstico , Ibuprofeno/efectos adversos , Activación de LinfocitosAsunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto Joven , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Hipersensibilidad a las Drogas/diagnóstico , Hipersensibilidad Tardía/diagnóstico , Ibuprofeno/efectos adversos , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/efectos adversos , Dipirona/efectos adversos , Activación de Linfocitos , Estudios Transversales , Estudios Retrospectivos , Curva ROCRESUMEN
No disponible
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Preescolar , Vacunas Combinadas/efectos adversos , Erupciones por Medicamentos/etiología , Eritema Indurado/inducido químicamente , Vacuna Antipolio de Virus Inactivados/efectos adversos , Vacuna contra Difteria, Tétanos y Tos Ferina/efectos adversos , Vacunas contra Hepatitis B/efectos adversos , Vacunas contra Haemophilus/efectos adversos , Pruebas del Parche , Pruebas IntradérmicasAsunto(s)
Alérgenos/inmunología , Desensibilización Inmunológica/métodos , Hipersensibilidad a las Drogas/terapia , Hipersensibilidad Tardía/terapia , Lenalidomida/inmunología , Linfocitos T/inmunología , Anciano , Hipersensibilidad a las Drogas/diagnóstico , Humanos , Hipersensibilidad Tardía/diagnóstico , Pruebas Inmunológicas , Activación de Linfocitos , Masculino , Resultado del TratamientoAsunto(s)
Vacuna contra Difteria, Tétanos y Tos Ferina/efectos adversos , Erupciones por Medicamentos/etiología , Vacunas contra Haemophilus/efectos adversos , Vacunas contra Hepatitis B/efectos adversos , Inmunización Secundaria/efectos adversos , Vacuna Antipolio de Virus Inactivados/efectos adversos , Factores de Edad , Reacción de Arthus , Celulitis (Flemón)/diagnóstico por imagen , Preescolar , Erupciones por Medicamentos/patología , Erupciones por Medicamentos/terapia , Humanos , Esquemas de Inmunización , Lactante , Masculino , Pruebas del Parche/efectos adversos , Vacunas Combinadas/efectos adversosRESUMEN
Summary: Clindamycin is widely used in the prophylaxis and treatment of infections due to its broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. Hypersensitivity to clindamycin seems to be not very common (less than 1% of drug-allergic reactions) and it mostly appears as delayed T-cell mediated. For the diagnosis, skin testing is considered to be highly sensitive and rather safe, but cutaneous and systemic reactions have been described. Provocation test is considered the gold standard. However, it includes the possibility of severe reactions. We reported two cases of delayed allergic reaction to clindamycin, confirmed with a positive lymphocyte transformation test, showing this in vitro test like a promising diagnostic method because of its usefulness and safety.
Asunto(s)
Alérgenos/inmunología , Clindamicina/inmunología , Hipersensibilidad Tardía/diagnóstico , Inmunoensayo/métodos , Pruebas Cutáneas/métodos , Piel/patología , Linfocitos T/inmunología , Adolescente , Transformación Celular Neoplásica , Hipersensibilidad a las Drogas/diagnóstico , Femenino , Humanos , Activación de Linfocitos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadAsunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/efectos adversos , Erupciones por Medicamentos/diagnóstico , Erupciones por Medicamentos/etiología , Etoricoxib/efectos adversos , Activación de Linfocitos/inmunología , Linfocitos/inmunología , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/administración & dosificación , Etoricoxib/administración & dosificación , Femenino , Humanos , Linfocitos/metabolismo , Persona de Mediana EdadAsunto(s)
Amiodarona/efectos adversos , Basófilos/inmunología , Hipersensibilidad a las Drogas/diagnóstico , Hipersensibilidad a las Drogas/etiología , Bloqueadores de los Canales de Potasio/efectos adversos , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Prueba de Desgranulación de los Basófilos , Basófilos/metabolismo , Biomarcadores , Hipersensibilidad a las Drogas/tratamiento farmacológico , Hipersensibilidad a las Drogas/metabolismo , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina E/inmunología , Inmunofenotipificación , Inmunosupresores/farmacología , Inmunosupresores/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
No disponible
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/efectos adversos , Erupciones por Medicamentos/diagnóstico , Erupciones por Medicamentos/etiología , Etoricoxib/efectos adversos , Activación de Linfocitos/inmunología , Linfocitos/inmunología , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/administración & dosificación , Etoricoxib/administración & dosificación , Linfocitos/metabolismoRESUMEN
No disponible
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Amiodarona/efectos adversos , Basófilos/inmunología , Hipersensibilidad a las Drogas/diagnóstico , Hipersensibilidad a las Drogas/etiología , Bloqueadores de los Canales de Potasio/efectos adversos , Prueba de Desgranulación de los Basófilos , Basófilos/metabolismo , Biomarcadores , Hipersensibilidad a las Drogas/tratamiento farmacológico , Inmunoglobulina E/inmunología , Inmunofenotipificación , Inmunosupresores/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Anisakis simplex sensu stricto and Anisakis pegreffii are sibling species of nematodes parasitic on marine mammals. Zoonotic human infection with third stage infective larvae causes anisakiasis, a debilitating and potentially fatal disease. These 2 species show evidence of hybridisation in geographical areas where they are sympatric. How the species and their hybrids differ is still poorly understood. RESULTS: Third stage larvae of Anisakis simplex s.s., Anisakis pegreffii and hybrids were sampled from Merluccius merluccius (Teleosti) hosts captured in waters of the FAO 27 geographical area. Specimens of each species and hybrids were distinguished with a diagnostic genetic marker (ITS). RNA was extracted from pools of 10 individuals of each taxon. Transcriptomes were generated using Illumina RNA-Seq, and assembled de novo. A joint assembly (here called merged transcriptome) of all 3 samples was also generated. The inferred transcript sets were functionally annotated and compared globally and also on subsets of secreted proteins and putative allergen families. While intermediary metabolism appeared to be typical for nematodes in the 3 evaluated taxa, their transcriptomes present strong levels of differential expression and enrichment, mainly of transcripts related to metabolic pathways and gene ontologies associated to energy metabolism and other pathways, with significant presence of excreted/secreted proteins, most of them allergens. The allergome of the 2 species and their hybrids has also been thoroughly studied; at least 74 different allergen families were identified in the transcriptomes. CONCLUSIONS: A. simplex s.s., A. pegreffi and their hybrids differ in gene expression patterns in the L3 stage. Strong parent-of-origin effects were observed: A. pegreffi alleles dominate in the expression patterns of hybrids albeit the latter, and A. pegreffii also display significant differences indicating that hybrids are intermediate biological entities among their parental species, and thus of outstanding interest in the study of speciation in nematodes. Analyses of differential expression based on genes coding for secreted proteins suggests that co-infections presents different repertoires of released protein to the host environment. Both species and their hybrids, share more allergen genes than previously thought and are likely to induce overlapping disease responses.
Asunto(s)
Anisakis/genética , Gadiformes/parasitología , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica/métodos , Proteínas del Helminto/genética , Alérgenos/genética , Animales , Anisakis/aislamiento & purificación , Anisakis/patogenicidad , Cruzamiento , Metabolismo Energético , Enfermedades de los Peces/parasitología , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Larva/genética , Larva/patogenicidad , Anotación de Secuencia Molecular , Análisis de Secuencia de ARN/métodos , Factores de Virulencia/genéticaAsunto(s)
Euphorbiaceae/química , Nanopartículas del Metal/química , Extractos Vegetales/química , Plata/química , Dispersión Dinámica de Luz , Euphorbiaceae/metabolismo , Tecnología Química Verde , México , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Tamaño de la Partícula , Hojas de la Planta/química , Hojas de la Planta/metabolismo , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier , Agua/químicaRESUMEN
Increased postprandial lipemia is a cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor. Carob fruit extract (CFE) contains condensed tannins, and their intake has been inversely related to CVD. The objective was to evaluate the in vitro pancreatic lipase activity in the presence of CFE and the in vivo effect of CFE on postprandial lipemia of healthy Wistar rats in acute and subchronic digestibility studies and to relate it with changes in fat digestion and absorption. CFE significantly reduced pancreatic lipase activity. A peak delay and a dose-dependent decrease in plasma triglyceride and cholesterol areas under the curve were observed, effects that increased after the subchronic treatment. The levels of nondigested, nonabsorbed triglycerides of the remaining intestinal lumen fat were significantly higher in the maximum dose of CFE administrated versus the control ( P < 0.05). This study demonstrates for the first time the hypolipemic properties of CFE from the first administration, modifying postprandial lipemia by reducing the extents of fat digestion and absorption.
Asunto(s)
Fabaceae/química , Grasas/metabolismo , Hiperlipidemias/tratamiento farmacológico , Hiperlipidemias/metabolismo , Extractos Vegetales/administración & dosificación , Animales , Frutas/química , Humanos , Lipasa/metabolismo , Masculino , Periodo Posprandial , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Triglicéridos/metabolismoRESUMEN
Aluminum consumption has been associated with various neurodegenerative diseases. Previous studies suggest that regular beer intake reverses the pro-oxidant and inflammatory statuses induced by aluminum nitrate intoxication. This paper aims to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant capacity and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of non-alcoholic beer (NABeer), silicon or hops, as well as their effect on animal behavior (e.g. curiosity, immobilization, rearing, grooming, swimming) and brain antioxidant enzyme (activity and gene expression) and anti-inflammatory status in aluminum nitrate intoxicated rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: 1) Control, 2) Aluminum nitrate (450⯵g/kg/day), 3) Aluminum nitrate plus NABeer, 4) Aluminum nitrate plus hops, and 5) Aluminum nitrate plus silicon. Hops showed the highest in vitro antioxidant capacity and silicon the highest anticholinesterase activity. In the Aluminum group the brain aluminum/silicon ratio increased with impairment of brain antioxidant and inflammatory statuses. NABeer, silicon and hops block the negative effect on the in vivo antioxidant and inflammatory statuses induced by Aluminum nitrate and improve swimming and rearing behavioral tests. The various positive results suggest that NABeer is useful as a functional multi-target drink in the prevention of some neurodegenerative events caused by aluminum intoxication. More studies are required to conclude present results.