Asunto(s)
Humanos , Fibras de la Dieta/uso terapéutico , Hiperlipidemias/dietoterapia , Obesidad/dietoterapia , Diabetes Mellitus/dietoterapia , Diabetes Mellitus/dietoterapia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/dietoterapia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/dietoterapia , Fibras de la Dieta/clasificación , Fibras de la Dieta/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Outbreaks of legionnaires' disease (LD) in tourists visiting Italian and Spanish resorts have been recently reported. An unusual number of reports of LD in tourists visiting the US Virgin Islands prompted an investigation of risk factors for development of LD in this area. Twenty-seven cases of LD were identified between 1979 and 1982 through press reports, personal communication, the national LD surveillance system, a review of hospital records, and a mail survey. Twenty-four of 27 persons with the disease had visited St Croix and 12 of them had stayed at a single hotel in 1981. Available evidence suggested that infection was due to Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1; L pneumophila serogroups 1 and 3 and several new Legionella species were isolated from the potable water system at the hotel. Following hyperchlorination of the potable water system, no further cases of LD in hotel visitors have been identified to date.
Asunto(s)
Brotes de Enfermedades/epidemiología , Enfermedad de los Legionarios/epidemiología , Viaje , Brotes de Enfermedades/diagnóstico , Femenino , Humanos , Legionella/aislamiento & purificación , Enfermedad de los Legionarios/diagnóstico , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Vigilancia de la Población , Estaciones del Año , Pruebas Serológicas , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Islas Virgenes de los Estados UnidosRESUMEN
Four episodes of serious Hemophilus influenzae type b infection occurred in three children attending a day-care center. This was 100 times the expected annual total. The pharyngeal carriage rate of Hib was 60% for siblings of patients, 20% for adult household contacts, and 5% for well children at the center. No carriers were found in control populations. Escherichia coli K100, which cross-reacts serologically with Hib, was found in rectal swabs of 20% of family contacts of patients and 3.5% of well children at the center. It was recovered from two of seven persons who carried Hib in the pharynx and two of 75 who did not (P = 0.035), suggesting that carriage of one organism may facilitate carriage of the other. In a randomized prospective trial with 85 patient contact, Hib carriage was eradicated in all of four carriers given ampicillin and in all of three given rifampin. There were no statistically significant differences in the rate of adverse reactions in the two treatment groups. No further cases were reported.
Asunto(s)
Guarderías Infantiles , Brotes de Enfermedades , Infecciones por Haemophilus/epidemiología , Ampicilina/uso terapéutico , Portador Sano/microbiología , Niño , Preescolar , Escherichia coli , Infecciones por Haemophilus/prevención & control , Infecciones por Haemophilus/transmisión , Haemophilus influenzae , Humanos , Lactante , Faringe/microbiología , Estudios Prospectivos , Recto/microbiología , Rifampin/uso terapéuticoAsunto(s)
Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Portador Sano/prevención & control , Infecciones Meningocócicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Neisseria meningitidis/efectos de los fármacos , Adolescente , Animales , Brasil , Niño , Preescolar , Brotes de Enfermedades/prevención & control , Farmacorresistencia Microbiana , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Quimioterapia Combinada , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Lactante , Infecciones Meningocócicas/genética , Infecciones Meningocócicas/prevención & control , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Minociclina/efectos adversos , Minociclina/uso terapéutico , Conejos/inmunología , Rifampin/efectos adversos , Rifampin/uso terapéutico , Sulfadiazina/efectos adversos , Sulfadiazina/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
The Lesser Antillean lizards Anolis trinitatis and Anolis aenous were both apparently introduced to Trinidad where they are hybridizing. The parental species have 36 and 34 chromosomes, respectively. Hybrids have 35 chromosomes. Meiosis in hybrids is abnormal. There is an accumulation of cells at metaphase I, and poor homolog pairing, characterized by a low frequency of chiasmata and numerous univalents.