RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Because neurological failure is the most frequent extra-cardiac complication in Infectious Endocarditis (IE), a brain computerised tomography (CT) scan is usually performed. The benefits of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have not been clearly established. This study aims to clarify the prevalence and type of cerebral lesions in IE detected using MRI and to compare them with those detected using CT scans. METHODS: In the Grenoble University Hospital, patients diagnosed with definite or possible endocarditis according to Duke's criteria were screened from 2010-2012. Brain CT and MRI were performed as soon as possible after diagnosis. RESULTS: Of the 62 patients with IE who underwent at least one cerebral imaging within 3 weeks of diagnosis, Streptococcus (29) and Staphylococcus (14) were the main micro-organisms present. Twenty-eight (45%) patients underwent cardiac surgery. Eight (13%) died before discharge. Twenty (32%) had neurological symptoms. A brain CT-scan was performed on 53 (85%) patients and a MRI was performed on 43 (69%) patients. CT was pathological in 26 (49%) patients, whereas 32 (74%) MRI demonstrated abnormalities. The MRI lesions were classified as follows: ischaemia (48%), microbleeds (34%), haemorrhages (16%), abscesses (9%) and microbial aneurysms (4%). Of the 37 patients who underwent both MRI and CT examinations, ischaemia (48% vs 35%) and microbleeds (34%) demonstrated the difference between the two imaging methods. CONCLUSION: Through the early diagnosis of cerebral damage, even in asymptomatic cases, MRI may have a role in the IE management, influence any surgical decision and assist in prognosis assessment.
Asunto(s)
Encefalopatías/diagnóstico , Encéfalo/patología , Endocarditis Bacteriana/complicaciones , Endocarditis Bacteriana/patología , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Neuroimagen/métodos , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagen , Encéfalo/microbiología , Encefalopatías/microbiología , Hemorragia Cerebral/diagnóstico , Hemorragia Cerebral/microbiología , Femenino , Francia , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pronóstico , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/complicaciones , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/patología , Staphylococcus/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones Estreptocócicas/complicaciones , Infecciones Estreptocócicas/patología , Streptococcus/aislamiento & purificación , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
Borrelia crocidurae-associated relapsing fever is endemic to West Africa and is considered benign. We report 4 patients with B. crocidurae-associated neurologic symptoms; 2 of their cases had been misdiagnosed. Frequency and severity of this disease could be underestimated; molecular methods and serodiagnostic tests for Lyme disease might be helpful in its detection.
