Complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Acer miaotaiense (Aceraceae).

Acer miaotaiense P. C. Tsoong is a rare and endangered tree endemic to the Qinling Mountains of China and is listed as a national third-class protected plant. In this study, we sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome of Acer miaotaiense using the Illumina Novaseq 6000 and Nanopore platforms. The total mitochondrial genome length is 819,227 bp and has 69 genes, including 41 protein-coding, 25 tRNA, and 3 rRNA genes. The genome nucleotide composition was asymmetric, with an overall G + C content of 45.7%. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that Acer miaotaiense is closely related to the congeneric Acer yangbiense.

Effects of different bronchoalveolar lavage methods on tracheobronchial foreign body patients.

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To compare the different effects of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) with diverse combinations of lidocaine, epinephrine, and dexamethasone on pediatric patients with an inhaled tracheobronchial foreign body (TFB). STUDY DESIGN: Randomized controlled study. METHODS: Two hundred forty cases of pediatric patients with inhaled TFB were included in this study, and were randomly divided into four groups using three kinds of drugs for BAL, namely 0.9% saline (S) group, 2% lidocaine with diluted epinephrine (LE) group, 2% lidocaine with diluted epinephrine and 0.5% dexamethasone (LED), control group (C) without BAL. The incidences of intraoperative or postoperative complications and recovery periods were compared. Meanwhile, the concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1ß, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in BAL fluids and plasma were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: The incidences of bronchospasm, hypoxemia, and postoperative fever were significantly lower in the LED group than other groups (P < .001). Fever after the TFB removal procedure appeared later in the LED group than the other groups. The improvement and healing periods in the LE and LED groups were significantly shorter than those in the C and S groups (P < .001). The concentrations of IL-1ß, IL-6, and TNF-α in BAL fluids were significantly higher in the LE and LED groups than those in the S group (P < .001), but those in the plasma of the C and S groups were lower compared with the LE and LED groups (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: BAL with lidocaine, epinephrine, and dexamethasone could promote recovery for TFB patients and reduce incidences of complications, possibly by regulating release of proinflammatory cytokines. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 1b.

Screening of differential expression genes of human skin epidermal stem cells at different development stages by cDNA microarray technique / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze expression characteristics of human skin epidermal stem cell at different developmental stages, and to explore its biological significance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Health skin samples from 28-32 w fetuses (F group), 4-12 y children (C group), and 35-55 y adult (A group) were harvested, with 10 cases in each group. Epidermis were separated using trypsin digestion and EDTA, and human epidermal stem cells were isolated and purified with type IV collagen attachment method. The monoclonal antibody of integrin beta1 and keratin 19 were used for detection and identification of epidermal stem cells by immunohistochemical staining. Total RNA was extracted from above cells by Trizol one-step method, and were detected by formaldehyde denaturing agarose gel electrophoresis. Probes were prepared and hybridized into cDNA microarray for scanning fluorescent signals and analysis of images, with two-fold differential expression value for screening. Significantly up/down-regulated genes were selected for verification by real time RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>By comparing expression profile between A and C groups, a total of 1808 genes with differential expression were detected, including 1089 up-regulated genes and 719 down-regulated genes, and they were classified into 128 categories. Among them, 1462 genes were known (found in GeneBank), 346 genes were unknown. A total of 4534 genes with differential expression were detected between C and F groups, in which 1783 genes were up-regulated and 2751 genes were down-regulated, and they were classified into 216 categories. Among them, 3577 genes were known (found in GeneBank), and 957 genes were unknown. There were 1104 genes with differential expression consistently detected in F, C and A groups, which were classified into 32 categories according to gene function. Among them, 94 genes were consistently up-regulated and 75 genes consistently down-regulated. Test results of real time RT-PCR were in accordance with above-mentioned results.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Gene expression profiles of epidermal stem cells cultured in vitro, harvested from fetuses, children, and adult, exhibit obvious difference. This may be closely related to different stages of proliferation and differentiation of human epidermal stem cell and self-repair ability of wound at different developmental stages.</p>