Coherent Control of the Fine-Structure Qubit in a Single Alkaline-Earth Atom.

We report on the first realization of a novel neutral atom qubit encoded in the spin-orbit coupled metastable states ^{3}P_{0} and ^{3}P_{2} of a single ^{88}Sr atom trapped in an optical tweezer. Raman coupling of the qubit states promises rapid single-qubit rotations on par with the fast Rydberg-mediated two-body gates. We demonstrate preparation, readout, and coherent control of the qubit. In addition to driving Rabi oscillations bridging an energy gap of more than 17 THz using a pair of phase-locked clock lasers, we also carry out Ramsey spectroscopy to extract the transverse qubit coherence time T_{2}. When the tweezer is tuned into magic trapping conditions, which is achieved in our setup by tuning the tensor polarizability of the ^{3}P_{2} state via an external control magnetic field, we measure T_{2}=1.2 ms. A microscopic quantum mechanical model is used to simulate our experiments including dominant noise sources. We identify the main constraints limiting the observed coherence time and project improvements to our system in the immediate future. Our Letter opens the door for a so-far-unexplored qubit encoding concept for neutral atom-based quantum computing.

Dermoscopy as an Auxiliary Tool in the Assessment of Malassezia Folliculitis: An Observational Study.

Malassezia folliculitis is an under-recognizedentity commonly affecting the face and upper trunk. Clinical picture mimics acne vulgaris and diagnosis is challenging at times. 10% potassium hydroxide examination is usually performed to confirm the diagnosis. This study sought to describe the dermoscopic features in Malassezia folliculitis. Patients diagnosed clinically with Malassezia folliculitis and confirmed by 10% potassium hydroxide preparation were included in the study. Dermoscopy was performed with a videodermatoscope [Dinolite AM413ZT; Polarising] from the most representative lesion. A total of 45 patients (M:F = 1:0.8 ) were recruited. All patients had monomorphic papulo-pustular lesions. Itching was present in 64.4% patients. Dermoscopy reveled folliculocentricity (100%), perilesional background erythema (100%), dotted/linear/tortous vessels (88.9%), dirty white scaling (77.8%), hypo pigmentation of hair follicle (64.4%), coiled/looped hairs (57.8%) and broken hairs (13.3%). In conclusion, dermoscopy shows typical features in Malassezia folliculitis and can serve as a office based tool for identification of this entity.

Dermoscopy as an Auxiliary Tool in the Assessment of Malassezia Folliculitis: An Observational Study. / [Artículo traducido] Dermatoscopia como herramienta auxiliar en la evaluación de foliculitis por Malassezia: estudio observacional.

Malassezia folliculitis is an under-recognized entity commonly affecting the face and upper trunk. Clinical picture mimics acne vulgaris and diagnosis is challenging at times. Ten percent potassium hydroxide examination is usually performed to confirm the diagnosis. This study sought to describe the dermoscopic features in Malassezia folliculitis. Patients diagnosed clinically with Malassezia folliculitis and confirmed by 10% potassium hydroxide preparation were included in the study. Dermoscopy was performed with a videodermatoscope (Dino-Lite AM413ZT; Polarizer) from the most representative lesion. A total of 45 patients (M:F=1:0.8) were recruited. All patients had monomorphic papulo-pustular lesions. Itching was present in 64.4% patients. Dermoscopy reveled folliculocentricity (100%), perilesional background erythema (100%), dotted/linear/tortous vessels (88.9%), dirty white scaling (77.8%), hypopigmentation of hair follicle (64.4%), coiled/looped hairs (57.8%) and broken hairs (13.3%). In conclusion, dermoscopy shows typical features in Malassezia folliculitis and can serve as a office-based tool for identification of this entity.

Dermoscopy as an Auxiliary Tool in the Assessment of Malassezia Folliculitis: An Observational Study / Dermatoscopia como herramienta auxiliar en la evaluación de foliculitis por Malassezia: estudio observacional

Malassezia folliculitis is an under-recognizedentity commonly affecting the face and upper trunk. Clinical picture mimics acne vulgaris and diagnosis is challenging at times. 10% potassium hydroxide examination is usually performed to confirm the diagnosis. This study sought to describe the dermoscopic features in Malassezia folliculitis. Patients diagnosed clinically with Malassezia folliculitis and confirmed by 10% potassium hydroxide preparation were included in the study. Dermoscopy was performed with a videodermatoscope [Dinolite AM413ZT; Polarising] from the most representative lesion. A total of 45 patients (M:F = 1:0.8 ) were recruited. All patients had monomorphic papulo-pustular lesions. Itching was present in 64.4% patients. Dermoscopy reveled folliculocentricity (100%), perilesional background erythema (100%), dotted/linear/tortous vessels (88.9%), dirty white scaling (77.8%), hypo pigmentation of hair follicle (64.4%), coiled/looped hairs (57.8%) and broken hairs (13.3%). In conclusion, dermoscopy shows typical features in Malassezia folliculitis and can serve as a office based tool for identification of this entity (AU)

La foliculitis por Malassezia es una entidad que no está debidamente reconocida y que afecta normalmente a la cara y tronco superior. El cuadro clínico remeda el acné vulgar, siendo a veces difícil su diagnóstico. Normalmente se realiza un examen con hidróxido de potasio al 10% para confirmar el mismo. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir las características dermatoscópicas de la foliculitis por Malassezia, incluyéndose en el mismo a los pacientes diagnosticados clínicamente y confirmados mediante aplicación de hidróxido de potasio al 10%. La dermatoscopia fue realizada con un videodermatoscopio [Dinolite AM413ZT; Polarising] en la lesión más representativa. Se incluyó a un total de 45 pacientes (V:M = 1:0.8). Todos los pacientes tenían lesiones monomórficas papulopustulosas. El 64% de los pacientes presentó prurito. La dermatoscopia reveló foliculocentricidad (100%), eritema circundante perilesional (100%), vasos punteados/lineales/tortuosos (88,9%), escamas de color gris parduzco (77,8%), hipopigmentación del folículo piloso (64,4%), pelos en espiral/enrollados (57,8%) y rotura del pelo (13,3%). En conclusión, la dermatoscopia muestra las características típicas de la foliculitis por Malassezia, pudiendo servir de ayuda en consulta como herramienta para la identificación de esta entidad (AU)

[Artículo traducido] Dermatoscopia como herramienta auxiliar en la evaluación de foliculitis por Malassezia: estudio observacional / Dermoscopy as an Auxiliary Tool in the Assessment of Malassezia Folliculitis: An Observational Study

La foliculitis por Malassezia es una entidad que no está debidamente reconocida y que afecta normalmente a la cara y tronco superior. El cuadro clínico remeda el acné vulgar, siendo a veces difícil su diagnóstico. Normalmente se realiza un examen con hidróxido de potasio al 10% para confirmar el mismo. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir las características dermatoscópicas de la foliculitis por Malassezia, incluyéndose en el mismo a los pacientes diagnosticados clínicamente y confirmados mediante aplicación de hidróxido de potasio al 10%. La dermatoscopia fue realizada con un videodermatoscopio [Dinolite AM413ZT; Polarising] en la lesión más representativa. Se incluyó a un total de 45 pacientes (V:M = 1:0.8). Todos los pacientes tenían lesiones monomórficas papulopustulosas. El 64% de los pacientes presentó prurito. La dermatoscopia reveló foliculocentricidad (100%), eritema circundante perilesional (100%), vasos punteados/lineales/tortuosos (88,9%), escamas de color gris parduzco (77,8%), hipopigmentación del folículo piloso (64,4%), pelos en espiral/enrollados (57,8%) y rotura del pelo (13,3%). En conclusión, la dermatoscopia muestra las características típicas de la foliculitis por Malassezia, pudiendo servir de ayuda en consulta como herramienta para la identificación de esta entidad (AU)

Malassezia folliculitis is an under-recognizedentity commonly affecting the face and upper trunk. Clinical picture mimics acne vulgaris and diagnosis is challenging at times. 10% potassium hydroxide examination is usually performed to confirm the diagnosis. This study sought to describe the dermoscopic features in Malassezia folliculitis. Patients diagnosed clinically with Malassezia folliculitis and confirmed by 10% potassium hydroxide preparation were included in the study. Dermoscopy was performed with a videodermatoscope [Dinolite AM413ZT; Polarising] from the most representative lesion. A total of 45 patients (M:F = 1:0.8 ) were recruited. All patients had monomorphic papulo-pustular lesions. Itching was present in 64.4% patients. Dermoscopy reveled folliculocentricity (100%), perilesional background erythema (100%), dotted/linear/tortous vessels (88.9%), dirty white scaling (77.8%), hypo pigmentation of hair follicle (64.4%), coiled/looped hairs (57.8%) and broken hairs (13.3%). In conclusion, dermoscopy shows typical features in Malassezia folliculitis and can serve as a office based tool for identification of this entity (AU)

Role of heterotrophic nitrifiers and aerobic denitrifiers in simultaneous nitrification and denitrification process: a nonconventional nitrogen removal pathway in wastewater treatment.

Bacterial species capable of performing both nitrification and denitrification in a single vessel under similar conditions have gained significance in the wastewater treatment scenario considering their unique character of performing the above reactions under heterotrophic and aerobic conditions respectively. Such a novel strategy often referred to as simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) has a tremendous potential in dealing with various wastewaters having low C : N content, considering that the process needs very little or no external carbon source and oxygen supply thus adding to its cost-effective and environmentally friendly nature. Though like other micro-organisms, heterotrophic nitrifiers and aerobic denitrifiers convert inorganic or organic nitrogen-containing substances into harmless dinitrogen gas in the wastewater, their ecophysiological role in the global nitrogen cycle is still not fully understood. Attempts to highlight the role played by the heterotrophic nitrifiers and aerobic denitrifiers in dealing with nitrogen pollution under various environmental operating conditions will help in developing a mechanistic understanding of the SND process to address the issues faced by the traditional methods of aerobic autotrophic nitrification-anaerobic heterotrophic denitrification.

Refractive index of graphene AA and AB stacked bilayers under the influence of relative planar twisting.

The optical properties of graphene in monolayer and bilayer structure is essential for the development of optical devices viz surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based bio-sensors. The band structure of the twisted bilayer graphene (BLG) is remarkably different than the normal AA or AB stacking. This provides an opportunity to control the optical and electrical properties of BLG by applying an in-plane twist to one of the layer relative to other in a BLG system. Here, we calculated the refractive index (RI) of AA and AB stacking of BLG system using density functional theory. Though the spectrum for AA stacking shows some similarity with that of monolayer graphene, the spectrum for AB stacking was found to be remarkably different. The spectrum of AB stacked layer is red-shifted and the absorption peaks in low energy regime increases nearly by three-folds. A large dependency of the twist angle on RI of twisted BLG were found. Based on the calculation, a schematic of phase diagram showing material behavior of such twisted BLG systems as a function of twist angle and photon energy was constructed. The twisted AA stacked BLG shows largely dielectric behavior whereas the twisted AB stacked BLG shows predominately semimetallic and semiconducting behavior. This study presents a RI landscape of twisted BLG dependent on important parameters viz photon energy and inplane relative twist angle. Our studies will be very useful for the design and development of optical devices employing BLG systems particularly SPR based bio-sensors which essentially measures change in RI due to adsorption of analytes.

Comparison of Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Graft, Semitendinosus-Gracilis Graft and Semitendinosus-Gracilis with Preserved Tibial Insertion Graft in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Sports Persons.

INTRODUCTION: Bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) and semitendinosus-gracilis (STG) are the commonest grafts used for ACL reconstruction. However even after having been debated for years, there is no consensus about the ideal graft. Moreover, the literature is deficient about STG graft with preserved tibial insertion (STGPI) which preserves the proprioception. Our aim is to compare the outcome of BPTB, free STG and STGPI grafts after ACL reconstruction in professional sports persons. We compared the outcome in terms of mechanical stability, functional outcome, return to sports activity and degenerative changes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Professional sports persons aged between 16-50 years operated for ACL tear using BPTB, free STG and STGPI grafts with minimum follow-up of two years were identified from hospital records. Patients with associated knee injuries were excluded. Patients, divided in three groups according to graft used, were compared in terms of mechanical stability (arthrometric examination KT-1000 score), functional outcome (Lysholm Score), return to sports activity (Tegner score and difference in thigh circumference) and degenerative changes (KL grading). RESULTS: BPTB graft group was found to be better than free STG and STGPI graft groups in terms of KT-1000 score. There was no statistically significant difference among the groups in terms of Lysholm score, Tegner score, difference in thigh circumference and KL grading. CONCLUSION: BPTB graft is better than free STG and STGPI grafts in terms of knee stability. When compared for patient reported outcome, return to sports activity, osteoarthritic changes and graft failure there is no significant difference among the three types of grafts.

Impact of COVID-19 induced lockdown and unlock down phases on the ambient air quality of Delhi, capital city of India.

The present study deals with the impact of the pandemic outbreak of COVID-19 on the ambient air quality in the capital city of India. Real-time data were collected from eight continuous ambient air quality monitoring stations measuring important air quality parameters (NO2, PM10 and PM2.5). Results revealed that the city's air quality had improved significantly during the lockdown period due to COVID-19 outbreak. The concentration of gaseous and particulate matter during the lockdown period (March-May 2020) declined significantly compared with the preceding years' data from the same timeframe. However, the ambient air quality deteriorates with the onset of unlocking phases and post-monsoon season (October 2020). Higher concentration of NO2, PM10 and PM2.5 were recorded at industrial (S1 and S2) and hotspot (S4 and S5) sites. The lowest concentrations of studied pollutants were observed during the first phase of lockdown (March 24 - May 14, 2020). The present study, once again, establishes the direct effect of anthropogenic activities and deteriorating ambient air quality of Delhi.

A Hospital-Based Multi-Centric Study to Determine the Clinico-Epidemiological Profile of Intussusception in Children < 2 Years in Rajasthan, India.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical and epidemiological profile of Intussusception in children aged <2 y after introduction of rotavirus vaccine in Universal Immunization Programme of Rajasthan. METHOD: This was a hospital-based multi-centric surveillance study conducted at three tertiary care sentinel sites in Rajasthan over a period of 2 y. Children <2 y of age admitted with intussusception as per Brighton's criteria 1 were enrolled. Demographic details including age, sex, clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, duration of symptoms, mode of treatment, and complications were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: During the study period of 2 y, the authors identified 164 cases of intussusception based on level-1 Brighton's criteria. Median age at presentation was 7 mo [Interquartile range (IQR) 5-10 mo] with a male to female ratio of 2:1. Pain abdomen and blood stained stool were the commonest presenting complaints (88.4% and 81.7%, respectively). Commonest site of intussusception was Ileocolic (82.32%). Pathological lead point was identified in 18.9% cases. Distinct seasonality was observed as maximum cases of intussusception were detected in the months of Jan-March (34.1%). Surgical intervention was required in the 89.63% cases. The median time duration between onset of symptoms and admission at sentinel site was 2 d (IQR 1-3 d). Proportion of cases that required surgery increased as the time interval between onset of symptoms and admission increases. CONCLUSION: Intussusception is a common surgical condition among children under-two years of age with majority of cases occurring during infancy. Case management is dependent primarily on time duration elapsed between symptoms onset and admission to tertiary care centre. Early case detection and timely referral may provide an opportunity to avoid surgical interventions.

Carbon removal from a mirror-like gold surface by UV light, RF plasma, and IR laser exposure: a comparative study.

A decrease in photon intensity due to carbon contamination on optical elements is a serious issue in synchrotron radiation (SR) beamlines. Photon intensity can be regained by refurbishment of optical elements using suitable techniques. In the literature, three suitable techniques [radio frequency (RF) plasma, ultraviolet (UV) radiation (λ=172nm), and infrared (IR) laser (λ=1064nm) exposure] are reported to remove carbon contaminations from optical elements. These techniques are used independently to remove carbon, and, to the best of our knowledge, no systematic study is available on their relative efficiencies and effects on a mirror surface. We have applied these techniques independently for removal of carbon contamination from a gold surface, and detailed surface characterizations are carried out using soft x-ray reflectivity, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy techniques. Characterization results suggest that all three techniques are capable of removing carbon contamination with certain limitations. Here, detailed relative effects on a gold surface after cleaning experiments with three techniques are discussed.

Post Vaccination Epidemiology and Genotyping of Rotavirus Gastroenteritis at a Tertiary Care Centre of North-East Rajasthan.

OBJECTIVES: To estimate the proportion of rotavirus diarrhea among hospitalized children aged under-five years, to determine the circulating rotavirus genotypes and to know impact rotavirus vaccine on prevalence and severity of rotavirus diarrhea. METHODS: This study was a hospital based cross-sectional observational study conducted over a period of 29 mo (September 2017 through January 2020). Stool samples were collected from children who fall within the age range of 0-59 mo with acute diarrhea attending emergency or needing admission. Stool samples were tested for rotavirus by the enzyme linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA) and genotyped using published methods. RESULTS: Out of 1480 samples, 360 (24.32%) cases were positive for rotavirus by ELISA, majority of them were male (62.97%). Maximum rotavirus positivity was found in the age group of <11 mo (55.27%). Statistically significance difference was seen in episodes of diarrhea and experience of vomiting in rotavirus diarrhea cases. Highest prevalence has been seen during winter season. The most prevalent G and P type combinations were G3P [8] strains [122 (34.08%)], G2P [4] [83 (23.18%)], G1P [8] [27 (7.54%)] and G9P [4] [20 (5.59%)]. Mixed strains contribute a significant proportion of stool sample. CONCLUSIONS: Rotavirus is an important cause of diarrhea in hospitalized children. There is continued circulation of G9 and G12 strains and the emergence of G3P [8] as most common strain.

Cubitus Valgus with Tardy Ulnar Nerve Palsy - Functional Outcome of Milch Osteotomy without Anterior Transposition of Ulnar Nerve.

INTRODUCTION: To assess the results of Milch osteotomy in terms of deformity correction and functional outcome in the absence of ulnar nerve transposition. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Nine patients with cubitus valgus deformity greater than 20° with tardy ulnar nerve palsy (TUNP) operated between 2012 and 2017 were evaluated. Correction by Milch osteotomy and fixation was done in each case, without osteosynthesis of the non-union lateral condyle humerus or transposition of the ulnar nerve. At one year post-operatively, carrying angle, elbow function (Mayo Elbow Performance Score) and ulnar nerve symptoms were assessed. RESULTS: The mean carrying angle pre-operatively was 30.8° on the affected side which improved to a mean of 8.3° postoperatively with an average correction of 22.5°. The mean elbow flexion pre-operatively was 129.4° which improved to 133.3° post-operatively. The mean preoperative MEP score was 76.7 which improved to a mean of 92.2 post-operatively (p < 0.01). TUNP recovered completely in all the patients. CONCLUSION: Milch osteotomy is an effective procedure for cubitus valgus deformity correction and its associated tardy ulnar nerve palsy without a decrease in elbow ROM. Correction of even severe valgus deformities without concurrent anterior transposition of the ulnar nerve is likely to improve ulnar nerve symptoms.

Facile ultrathin film of silver nanoparticles for bacteria sensing.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) exhibit excellent anti-microbial and bactericidal properties. Due to bacterial abhorrence for AgNPs, it is difficult to develop a label-free, sensitive and low-cost bacteria sensor using them. In the present article, we report that an ultrathin and uniform Langmuir-Schaefer (LS) film of AgNPs can be employed for bacteria sensing effectively as compared to that of non-uniform and randomly distributed AgNPs in spin coated film. The uniformly distributed AgNPs in the LS film offer a relatively larger contact surface for bacteria as compared to that of spin coated film. Due to higher contact surface, adsorption of the bacteria on LS film is strongly preferable as compared to that of spin coated film leading to an enhanced sensing performance of the LS film than that of spin coated film. Soil bacteria was grown by the standard protocol and were utilized as model system for bacteria sensing application. The soil bacteria sensing was done by monitoring the piezoresponse and dissipation parameters using a quartz crystal microbalance, simultaneously. Our study indicates that the LS film of AgNPs not only facilitates the adsorption of the soil bacteria but also kills them.

Morphological transformation in the supramolecular assembly of discotic liquid crystal molecules using silver nanoparticles and its sensing application.

Triphenylene based discotic liquid crystal (TP) molecules are rich in π-electrons which facilitate π-stacking interaction of the molcules leading to formation of one dimensional nanowires. These nanowires can assemble to form nanoribbons due to a lateral cohesive force among the nanowires. The flat nanoribons undergo a morphological transformation due to incorporation of silver nanoparticles (SNP) into the matrix of TP molecules. The presence of SNP induces a chiral twisting to the nanoribbons and therefore the flat nanoribbons transform into a helical nanoribbon structure. The global chiral structure exhibited by the composition of achiral constituents is due to the creation of topological defects like disclination and dislocation. These defects can lead to a geometrical frustration in the nanoribbons which relaxes with the formation of twisted helical nanoribbons. A minor change in morphology of the supramolecular assembly can have a remarkable effect on the physicochemical properties of the nanoribbons. In this article, we demonstrate that even a minor change in the geometry of aliphatic chains on the surface of nanoribbons can be employed for sensing organic solvents such as acetone and ethanol. The sensing was performed at room temperature. Relative humidity has no effect on the sensing response.

Spiral T1 Spin-Echo for Routine Postcontrast Brain MRI Exams: A Multicenter Multireader Clinical Evaluation.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Spiral MR imaging has several advantages compared with Cartesian MR imaging that can be leveraged for added clinical value. A multicenter multireader study was designed to compare spiral with standard-of-care Cartesian postcontrast structural brain MR imaging on the basis of relative performance in 10 metrics of image quality, artifact prevalence, and diagnostic benefit. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven clinical sites acquired 88 total subjects. For each subject, sites acquired 2 postcontrast MR imaging scans: a spiral 2D T1 spin-echo, and 1 of 4 routine Cartesian 2D T1 spin-echo/TSE scans (fully sampled spin-echo at 3T, 1.5T, partial Fourier, TSE). The spiral acquisition matched the Cartesian scan for scan time, geometry, and contrast. Nine neuroradiologists independently reviewed each subject, with the matching pair of spiral and Cartesian scans compared side-by-side, and scored on 10 image-quality metrics (5-point Likert scale) focused on intracranial assessment. The Wilcoxon signed rank test evaluated relative performance of spiral versus Cartesian, while the Kruskal-Wallis test assessed interprotocol differences. RESULTS: Spiral was superior to Cartesian in 7 of 10 metrics (flow artifact mitigation, SNR, GM/WM contrast, image sharpness, lesion conspicuity, preference for diagnosing abnormal enhancement, and overall intracranial image quality), comparable in 1 of 10 metrics (motion artifacts), and inferior in 2 of 10 metrics (susceptibility artifacts, overall extracranial image quality) related to magnetic susceptibility (P < .05). Interprotocol comparison confirmed relatively higher SNR and GM/WM contrast for partial Fourier and TSE protocol groups, respectively (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Spiral 2D T1 spin-echo for routine structural brain MR imaging is feasible in the clinic with conventional scanners and was preferred by neuroradiologists for overall postcontrast intracranial evaluation.

Dual Microbial Inoculation, a Game Changer? - Bacterial Biostimulants With Multifunctional Growth Promoting Traits to Mitigate Salinity Stress in Spring Mungbean.

Soil microbes play a vital role in improving plant growth, soil health, ameliorate biotic/abiotic stress and enhance crop productivity. The present study was aimed to investigate a coordinated effect of compatible consortium [salt tolerating Rhizobium and rhizobacterium with 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase] in enhancing plant growth promoting (PGP) traits, symbiotic efficiency, nutrient acquisition, anti-oxidative enzymes, grain yield and associated profitability in spring mungbean. We identified a non-pathogenic compatible Rhizobium sp. LSMR-32 (MH644039.1) and Enterococcus mundtii LSMRS-3 (MH644178.1) from salt affected areas of Punjab, India and the same were assessed to develop consortium biofertilizer based on salt tolerance, multifarious PGP traits, antagonistic defense activities and presence of nifH, acds, pqq, and ipdc genes. Indole Acetic acid (IAA), P-solubilization, biofilm formation, exo-polysaccharides, siderophore, salt tolerance, ACC deaminase activities were all found highly significant in dual inoculant (LSMR-32 + LSMRS-3) treatment compared to LSMR-32 alone. Under saline soil conditions, dual inoculant showed a higher seed germination, plant height, biomass, chlorophyll content and macro and micro-nutrient uptake, than un-inoculated control. However, symbiotic (nodulation, nodule biomass and leghaemoglobin content) and soil quality parameters (phosphatase and soil dehydrogenase enzymes) increased numerically with LSMR-32 + LSMRS-3 over Rhizobium sp. LSMR-32 alone. Dual bacterial inoculation (LSMR-32 + LSMRS-3) increased the proline content (2.05 fold), anti-oxidative enzymes viz., superoxide dismutase (1.50 fold), catalase (1.43 fold) and peroxidase (3.88 folds) in contrast to control treatment. Decreased Na+ accumulation and increased K+ uptake resulted in favorable K+/Na+ ratio through ion homeostasis. Co-inoculation of Rhizobium sp. LSMR-32 and Enterococcus mundtii LSMRS-3 significantly improved the grain yield by 8.92% and led to superior B: C ratio over Rhizobium sp. alone under salt stress. To best of our knowledge this is perhaps the first field report from Indian soils that largely describes dual inoculation of Rhizobium sp. LSMR-32 and Enterococcus mundtii LSMRS-3 and the same can be considered as a game-changer approach to simultaneously induce salt tolerance and improve productivity in spring mungbean under saline stress conditions.