[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.931169.].
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.845363.].
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.916553.].
OBJECTIVE: During PCL reconstruction surgery, precise and personalized positioning of the graft tunnel is very important. In order to obtain patient-specific anatomical data, we established a three-dimensional knee joint fusion model to provide a unified imaging strategy, as well as anatomical information, for individualized and accurate posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction. METHODS: This is an exploration study. From January 2019 to January 2020, 20 healthy adults randomly were enrolled and assessed via CT and MRI imaging. A three-dimensional fusion model of the knee joint was generated using the modified MIMIMICS and image fusion software. On the fused image, the areas of the femoral and tibial PCL footprint of both knees were measured. The anatomical center of the PCL footprint was measured at the femoral and tibial ends. The relevant bony landmarks surrounding the PCL femoral and tibial attachment were also measured. Paired t-tests were employed for all statistical analyzes, and p < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS: All 20 subjects achieved successful image fusion modeling and measurement, with an average duration of 12 h. The lengths of the LF1-LF3 were 32.1 ± 1.8, 6.8 ± 2.5, and 23.3 ± 2.1 mm, respectively. The lengths of the LT1-LT3 were 37.3 ± 3.3, 45.6 ± 5.3, and 6.0 ± 1.2 mm, respectively. The distances between the tibial PCL center of the left knee to the medial groove, champagne-glass drop-off, and the apex of the medial intercondylar were 8.4 ± 2.4, 9.2 ± 1.8, and 15.3 ± 1.4 mm, respectively, and the corresponding distances from the right knee were 8.0 ± 2.0, 9.4 ± 2.2, and 16.1 ± 1.8 mm, respectively. We observed no difference between the bilateral sides, in terms of the distance from the PCL center to the PCL attachment-related landmark, under arthroscopic guidance. The area of the femoral and tibial PCL footprints on the left knee were 115.3 ± 33.5 and 146.6 ± 24.4 mm2 , respectively, and the corresponding areas on the right knee were 121.8 ± 35.6 and 142.8 ± 19.5 mm2 , respectively. There was no difference between the bilateral sides in terms of the PCL footprint areas. CONCLUSION: In the fusion image, the PCL attachment center and relevant bony landmarks which can be easily identified under arthroscopy can be accurately measured. The model can also obtain personalized anatomical data of the PCL on the unaffected side of the patient, which can guide clinical PCL reconstruction.
Posterior Cruciate Ligament , Adult , Humans , Posterior Cruciate Ligament/surgery , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Tibia/surgery , Knee Joint/surgery , Femur/surgery , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Micro-Nano optics is one of the most active frontiers in the current development of optics. It combines the cutting-edge achievements of photonics and nanotechnology, which can realize many brand-new functions on the basis of local electromagnetic interactions and become an indispensable key science and technology of the 21st century. Micro-Nano optics is also an important development direction of the new optoelectronics industry at present. It plays an irreplaceable role in optical communication, optical interconnection, optical storage, sensing imaging, sensing measurement, display, solid-state lighting, biomedicine, security, green energy, and other fields. In this paper, we will summarize the research status of micro-nano optics, and analyze it from four aspects: micro-nano luminescent materials and devices, micro-nano optical waveguide materials and devices, micro-nano photoelectric detection materials and devices, and micro-nano optical structures and devices. Finally, the future development of micro-nano optics will be prospected.
As a typical microscopic imaging technology, the emergence of the microscope has accelerated the pace of human exploration of the micro world. With the development of science and technology, microscopes have developed from the optical microscopes at the time of their invention to electron microscopes and even atomic force microscopes. The resolution has steadily improved, allowing humans to expand the field of research from the initial animal and plant tissues to microorganisms such as bacteria, and even down to the nanolevel. The microscope is now widely used in life science, material science, geological research, and other fields. It can be said that the development of microscopes also promotes the development of micro- and nanotechnology. It is foreseeable that microscopes will play a significant part in the exploration of the microworld for a long time to come. The development of microscope technology is the focus of this study, which summarized the properties of numerous microscopes and discussed their applications in micro and nanotechnology. At the same time, the application of microscopic imaging technology in micro- and nanofields was investigated based on the properties of various microscopes.
The detection of nanoparticles is the basis of the study of synthesis mechanism, active regulation of the synthesis process, and the study of nanoparticle properties after synthesis. It is significantly meaningful to the academia and engineering industry. Although there are many relevant detection methods at present, each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, and their measurement quantity and application conditions are also different. There is a lack of unified sorting and generalization. In this paper, the significance of detection of nanoparticles synthesized by a gas-phase method is introduced, the development of detection technology is reviewed, and the future is prospected. It is hoped that this paper will provide a reference for the detection of nanoparticles under various conditions and for the development of new detection methods.
Potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) as a new electrochemical energy storage system have been considered as a desirable candidate in the post-lithium-ion battery era. Nevertheless, the study on this realm is in its infancy; it is urgent to develop electrode materials with high electrochemical performance and low cost. Iron sulfides as anode materials have aroused wide attention by virtue of their merits of high theoretical capacities, environmental benignity, and cost competitiveness. Herein, we constructed carbon-free crystal-like Fe1-xS and demonstrated its feasibility as a PIB anode. The unique structural feature endows the prepared Fe1-xS with plentiful active sites for electrochemical reactions and short transmission pathways for ions/electrons. The Fe1-xS electrode retained capacities of 420.8 mAh g-1 after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g-1 and 212.9 mAh g-1 after 250 cycles at 1.0 A g-1. Even at a high rate of 5.0 A g-1, an average capacity of 167.6 mAh g-1 was achieved. In addition, a potassium-ion full cell is assembled by employing Fe1-xS as an anode and potassium Prussian blue as a cathode; it delivered a discharge capacity of 127.6 mAh g-1 at 100 mA g-1 after 50 cycles.
High solubility in aprotic organic electrolytes and poor electrical conductivity are the main restrictions of organic electrodes in practical application. Conductive binder contributes to the high-performance electrodes as it enables both mechanical and electronic integrity of the electrode, which have been scarcely explored for organic electrodes. Herein, a conductive interpenetrating polymeric network is synthesized through in situ polymerization of polyaniline with poly(acrylic acid) (denoted PAA-PANi), which served as a novel conductive binder for organic 2-aminoanthraquinone (AAQ) materials. The conductive PANi component enhances the electrical conductivity of the electrode. Meanwhile, the PAA component serves as the binding matrix to condense with the amino groups (-NH2) of AAQ, which therefore effectively inhibits their dissolution and maintains electrode integrity during cycling. As expected, the conductive binder exhibits both excellent electrical conductivity (10-3 S cm-1) and strong mechanical adhesion. The AAQ/reduced graphene oxide (AAQ@rGO) composite electrode prepared with the as-synthesized PAA-PANi binder delivers a high specific capacity of 126.1 mAh g-1 at 0.1 A g-1, superior rate capability (71.3 mAh g -1 at 3 A g-1), and outstanding cycling stability (2000 cycles at 1 A g-1), which greatly rivals polyvinylidene fluoride and PAA binder-based electrodes. Such a strategy points the way for the design and synthesis of conductive polymeric binders for organic electrodes, whose electrical conductivity and dissolution are massive issues.
BACKGROUND: Inflammatory cytokines play a vital role in the occurrence of osteoarticular injury and inflammation. Whether inflammation-associated factors interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are involved in the pathogenesis of keen articular cartilage injury remains poorly understood. AIM: To measure the levels of inflammatory factors [IL-1ß, IL-6, TNF-α and VEGF] in patients with knee articular cartilage injury. METHODS: Fifty-five patients with knee articular cartilage injury were selected as patient groups, who were divided into three grades [mild (n = 20), moderate (n = 19) and severe (n = 16)] according to disease severity and X-ray examinations. Meanwhile, 30 healthy individuals who underwent physical examination were selected as the control group. The levels of IL-1ß, IL-6, TNF-α and VEGF were measured by ELISA and immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, patient groups displayed significantly higher levels of IL-1ß, IL-6, TNF-α and VEGF, and the extent of increase was directly proportional to the severity of injury (P < 0.05). In addition, the number of cells with positive staining of IL-1ß, IL-6, TNF-α and VEGF in the synovial membrane were significantly increased, along with increased disease severity (P < 0.05). After treatment, the scores of visual analogue scale and the Western Ontario and McMaster University of Orthopaedic Index in patient groups were 2.26 ± 1.13 and 15.56 ± 7.12 points, respectively, which were significantly lower than those before treatment (6.98 ± 1.32 and 49.48 ± 8.96). Correlation analysis suggested that IL-1ß and TNF-α were positively correlated with VEGF. CONCLUSION: IL-1ß, IL-6, TNF-α and VEGF levels are increased in patients with knee articular cartilage injury, and are associated with the disease severity, indicating they might play an important role in the occurrence and development of knee articular cartilage injury. Furthermore, therapeutically targeting them might be a novel approach for the treatment of keen articular cartilage injury.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between alcohol consumption and risk of dyslipidemia in middle-aged men. METHODS: Male patients of dyslipidemia (n=221) were chosen as the case group, while normal ones (n=233) as the contrast group. All study objects were aged 30-65 years old, came from in hospital or made physical examination at the Second Hospital of Shandong University from June 2011 to June 2012. Question test and physical examination were made for them. Single factor analysis and unconditional multi-factorial Logistic regression were performed to analyze the relationship between alcohol consumption and risk of dyslipidemia. RESULTS: Compared with the contrast group, the risk of dyslipidemia significantly increased with increasing average daily alcohol consumption, while ORs were 1. 52 (
Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects , Dyslipidemias/epidemiology , Adult , Aged , Case-Control Studies , China/epidemiology , Humans , Logistic Models , Male , Middle Aged , Risk Factors
