BACKGROUND: Currently, surgery is the mainstay of the clinical treatment of vestibular migraine. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of using transesophageal echocardiography-guided interventional closure of the patent foramen ovale (PFO) in the treatment of vestibular migraine. METHODS: The study included 52 patients with vestibular migraine who were admitted to our hospital between June 2019 and June 2021. All selected patients underwent a transesophageal echocardiography-guided interventional closure of the PFO and were followed up for one year after surgery. We observed the clinical efficacy and surgical success rate one year after surgery and compared the improvement in clinical symptoms and perioperative safety at different time points. RESULTS: The overall remission rate and the surgical success rate for the 52 patients with vestibular migraine one year after surgery were 86.54% and 96.15%, respectively. Compared to the pre-surgery levels, there was a significant progressively decreasing trend in the scores on the Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) questionnaire, frequency of headaches, and duration of headaches in patients with vestibular migraine at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery (P< 0.05). Among the 52 patients, one developed atrial fibrillation three hours after surgery, which then spontaneously converted to sinus rhythm, and none of the other patients had adverse outcomes such as hematoma at the puncture site during the perioperative period. CONCLUSION: Transesophageal echocardiography-guided interventional closure of the PFO for treating vestibular migraine significantly improved the symptoms of migraine in patients, with a high surgical success rate, significant clinical efficacy, and favorable safety.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) continues to encounter multifarious hurdles, stemming from the ineffectual preservation and delivery system of photosensitizers, the dearth of imaging navigation, and the antioxidant/hypoxic tumor microenvironment. Herein, a versatile cryomicroneedle patch (denoted as CMN-CCPH) was developed for traceable PDT. The therapeutic efficacy was further amplified by catalase (CAT)-induced oxygen (O2) generation and Cu2+-mediated glutathione (GSH) depletion. The CMN-CCPH is composed of cryomicroneedle (CMN) as the vehicle and CAT-biomineralized copper phosphate nanoflowers (CCP NFs) loaded with hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME) as the payload. Importantly, the bioactive function of HMME and CAT could be optimally maintained under the protection of CCPH and CMN for a duration surpassing 60 days, leading to a bolstered bioavailability and notable enhancements in PDT efficacy. The in vivo visualization of HMME and oxyhemoglobin saturation (sO2) monitored by fluorescence (FL)/photoacoustic (PA) duplex real-time imaging unveiled the noteworthy implications of CMN-delivered CCPH for intratumoral enrichment of HMME and O2 with reduced systemic toxicity. This versatile CMN patch demonstrated distinct effectiveness in neoplasm elimination, underscoring its promising clinical prospects. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Simulation of synaptic characteristics is essential for the application of organic field effect transistors (OFETs) in neural morphology. Although excellent performance, including bias stability and mobility, as well as photoelectric pulse synaptic simulation, has been achieved in SiO2-gated OFETs with PDVT-10 as an organic channel, there are relatively few studies on photoelectric pulse synaptic simulation of electrolyte-gated OFETs based on environmentally friendly and low-voltage operation. Herein, synaptic transistors based on organic semiconductors are reported to simulate the photoelectric pulse response by developing solution-based organic semiconductor PDVT-10, and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with an electric double layer (EDL) effect to act as a channel and gate dielectric layer, respectively, and organic lithium salt-doped PVA is used to enhance the EDL effect. The presence of electrical pulses in doped devices not only achieves basic electrical synaptic characteristics, but also significantly realizes the long-term characteristics, pain perception, memory and sensitization applications. Furthermore, the introduction of photoinitiator molecules into the channel layer leads to improved photosynaptic performances by using light-induced free radicals, and the photoelectric synergistic effect has been actualized by introducing heterojunction architecture. This work provides promising prospects for achieving photoelectric pulse modulation based on organic synaptic devices, which shows great potential for the development of artificial intelligence.
Although catenated cages have been widely constructed due to their unique and elegant topological structures, cyclic catenanes formed by the connection of multiple catenane units have been rarely reported. Herein, based on the orthogonal metal-coordination-driven self-assembly, we prepare a series of heterometallic [2]catenanes and cyclic bis[2]catenanes, whose structures are clearly evidenced by single-crystal X-ray analysis. Owing to the multiple positively charged nature, as well as the potential synergistic effect of the Cu(I) and Pt(II) metal ions, the cyclic bis[2]catenanes display broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. This work not only provides an efficient strategy for the construction of heterometallic [2]catenanes and cyclic bis[2]catenanes but also explores their applications as superior antibacterial agents, which will promote the construction of advanced supramolecular structures for biomedical applications.
Organic pollutant detection has caused widespread concern regarding due to their potential environmental and human health risks. In this work, a nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide/silver oxide (N-TiO2/Ag2O) composite has been designed as a sensitive photoelectrochemical (PEC) monitoring platform of organic dyes. Sensitive determination relies on the outstanding PEC performance of N-TiO2/Ag2O. The improved PEC performance stems from the effective separation of photocarriers and the extended light response range provided by the narrowing bandgap and a p-n junction with N-TiO2/Ag2O. The N-TiO2/Ag2O electrode exhibits a photocurrent density of up to 2.2 mA/cm2, demonstrating three times increase compared with the photocurrent density observed with the pure TiO2 film. The linear detection range for rhodamine B (RhB), methylene blue (MB), and methyl orange (MO) is 0.2 ng/mL to 10 µg/mL with an ultrasensitive detection limit of 0.2 ng/mL without bias voltage. Due to the outstanding photocurrent density and sensitive response to organic pollutants, the N-TiO2/Ag2O PEC sensor provided a promising analytical method to detect environmental organic dyes.
There are important ways to solve the ecological risk problems of regional water resources and soil resources, and to promote the benign development of soil and water resources, involving scientific evaluation of the ecological risk of soil and water resources in Hefei metropolitan area, clarifying the intrinsic evolution law of ecological risk and identifying the characteristics of spatial and temporal variations. Based on the conceptual model of "ST-QS-RR", the evaluation indicator system is constructed, the CRITIC method is used to assign weights, and the TOPSIS method, kernel density method, markov chain and resistance model are used to measure and analyse the spatial and temporal characteristics of ecological risk of soil and water resources, and to explore the main factors that cause ecological risk of soil and water resources. The results of the study show that: (1) Hefei metropolitan area and its cities show a steady decline and the characteristics of "high in the north and low in the south, high in the west and low in the east". (2) Most of the subsystems in the Hefei metropolitan area and the cities show a decreasing trend, with its resistance factors mainly concentrated in the QS system. (3) There is club convergence in Hefei metropolitan area. When the type of adjacent domain is higher, the change of risk type is more sensitive.
What is already known about this topic?: S.1,4,[5],12:i:- and S. Rissen are emerging serotypes of Salmonella that require close monitoring for antimicrobial resistance and containment of their spread. What is added by this report?: The study aimed to identify antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in S.1,4,[5],12:i:- and S. Rissen strains isolated from environmental sewage in Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using single nucleotide polymorphism data to assess genetic relatedness among strains, offering insights for Salmonella infection outbreak investigations in the future. What are the implications for public health practice?: It is crucial to implement strategies, such as integrating different networks, to control the spread of drug-resistant Salmonella. Novel technologies must be utilized to disinfect sewage and eliminate ARGs. Ensuring food safety and proper sewage disinfection are essential to curb the dissemination of Salmonella.
OBJECTIVE: Iatrogenic coronary artery dissection is a complication of coronary intimal injury and dissection due to improper catheter manipulation. The impact of tear direction on the prognosis of coronary artery dissection (CAD) remains unclear. This study examines the hemodynamic effects of different tear directions (transverse and longitudinal) of CAD and evaluates the risk of thrombosis, rupture and further dilatation of CAD. METHODS: Two types of CAD models (Type I: transverse tear, Type II: longitudinal tear) were reconstructed from the aorto-coronary CTA dataset of 8 healthy cases. Four WSS-based indicators were analyzed, including time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS), oscillatory shear index (OSI), relative residence time (RRT), and cross flow index (CFI). A thrombus growth model was also introduced to predict the trend of thrombus growth in CAD with two different tear directions. RESULTS: For most of the WSS-based indicators, including TAWSS, RRT, and CFI, no statistically significant differences were observed across the CAD models with varying tear directions, except for OSI, where a significant difference was noted (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, in terms of thrombus growth, the thrombus growing at the tear of the Type I (transverse tear) CAD model extended into the true lumen earlier than that of the Type II (longitudinal tear) model. CONCLUSIONS: Numerical simulations suggest that: (1) The CAD with transverse tear have a high risk of further tearing of the dissection at the distal end of the tear. (2) The CAD with longitudinal tear create a hemodynamic environment characterized by low TAWSS and high OSI in the false lumen, which may additionally increase the risk of vessel wall injury. (3) The CAD with transverse tear may have a higher risk of thrombosis and coronary obstruction and myocardial ischemia in the early phase of the dissection.
Aortic Dissection , Thrombosis , Humans , Coronary Vessels/diagnostic imaging , Models, Cardiovascular , Hemodynamics , Chronic Disease , Thrombosis/etiology , Stress, Mechanical
Golden snub-nosed monkeys show inconsistent frequency of placentophagy between wild and captive populations, with almost all births in the wild but around half of the births in captivity accompanied by the female's consumption of placenta. This aligns with nutritional demands-driven placentophagy, as captive populations are generally under less nutritional constraints for breeding females than the wild population. Placentophagy is probably adaptive in the wild and under positive selection due to nutritional benefits to both mothers and infants.
STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to compare the radiological parameters, clinical outcomes, and long-term effects of the posterior osteosynthesis with polyaxial screw-rod system and the monoaxial screw-rod system in the treatment of unstable atlas fractures. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 33 patients with posterior ORIF for unstable atlas fractures in our hospital from August 2013 to June 2020, with a minimum of 3 years of follow-up. Polyaxial screws (group A) were used in 12 patients and monoaxial screws (group B) in 21 patients. Perioperative data, radiological parameters, and clinical outcomes were collected and compared between the 2 surgical approaches. RESULTS: The operative time, blood loss, time of screw-rod system placement, and hospital stay were significantly lower in group A than in group B. At the last follow-up, the visual analog scale (VAS) score and anterior arch reduction rate of the atlas in group A were lower than those in group B, while the lateral mass displacement (LMD) in group A was higher than that in group B. There was no significant difference between Group A and Group B in terms of the anterior atlantodental interval (AADI), posterior arch reduction rate of the atlas, range of motion (ROM), and neck disability index (NDI). CONCLUSIONS: Monoaxial screws can achieve better reduction results for unstable atlas fractures, especially for the anterior arch of atlas. However, the surgical operation of monoaxial screws is more complicated than that of polyaxial screws and has more complications. Appropriate implants should be selected for the treatment of unstable atlas fractures based on the type of atlas fracture, the experience of surgeons, and the demands of patients.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide. Macrophage-mediated innate immune responses play a crucial role in tumor development. This study revealed the mechanism of SHP-1 in regulating HCC progression. SHP-1 inhibits tumour development in vivo. Increasing SHP-1 expression in macrophages promotes the expression of p-SHP-1, SHP2, and p-SHP-2. In macrophages GM-CSF recruits SHP-2 to the GM-CSF receptor GM-CSFR induces p-SHP-2 dephosphorylation. GM-CSF recruits p-SHP-2 for dephosphorylation by up-regulating HoxA10HOXA10 activates the transcription of TGFß2 by interacting with tandem cis-elements in the promoter thereby regulating the proliferation and migration of liver cancer cells. GM-CSF inhibits SHP-1 regulation of p-SHP-1, SHP2, and p-SHP-2 in macrophages. Detailed studies have shown that SHP-1 regulates SHP2 expression, and SHP-1 and SHP2 are involved in macrophage M2 polarisation. SHP-1 inhibits HOXA10 and TGFß2 which in turn regulates the expression of the migration-associated proteins, MMP2/9, and the migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Overexpression of SHP-1 inhibits macrophage M2 polarisation via the p-STAT3/6 signalling pathway Classical markers arginase-1, CD206, CD163 and regulate the expression of M2 polarisation cytokines IL-4 and IL-10. In addition, hypoxia-induced ROS inhibited SHP-1 regulation by suppressing the expression of p-SHP-1. The combined effect of GM-CSF and ROS significantly increased p-HOXA10/TGFß2 and macrophage M2 polarisation, and the regulatory effect of ROS was significantly suppressed by GM-CSF knockdown. These findings suggest that increasing the expression of tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 can inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma progression by modulating the SHP2/GM-CSF pathway in TAM and thus inhibit the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular , Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor , Liver Neoplasms , Macrophages , Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11 , Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6 , Signal Transduction , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics , Liver Neoplasms/metabolism , Liver Neoplasms/pathology , Liver Neoplasms/genetics , Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6/metabolism , Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6/genetics , Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/metabolism , Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11/metabolism , Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11/genetics , Humans , Animals , Macrophages/metabolism , Macrophages/immunology , Mice , Disease Progression , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation , Cell Movement , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
Neutral aqueous organic redox flow batteries (AORFBs) hold the potential to facilitate the transition of renewable energy sources from auxiliary to primary energy, the commercial production of anolyte materials still suffers from insufficient performance of high-concentration and the high cost of the preparation problem. To overcome these challenges, this study provides a hydrothermal synthesis methodology and introduces the charged functional groups into hydrophobic naphthalene diimide cores, and prepares a series of high-performance naphthalene diimide anolytes. Under the synergistic effect of π-π stacking and H-bonding networks, the naphthalene diimide exhibits excellent structural stability and the highest water solubility (1.85â M for dex-NDI) reported to date. By employing the hydrothermal method, low-cost naphthalene diimides are successfully synthesized on a hundred-gram scale of $0.16â g-1 ($2.43â Ah-1), which is also the lowest price reported to date. The constructed full battery achieves a high electron concentration of 2.4â M, a high capacity of 54.4â Ah L-1, and a power density of 318â mW cm-2 with no significant capacity decay observed during long-duration cycling. These findings provide crucial support for the commercialization of AORFBs and pave the way for revolutionary developments in neutral AORFBs.
Herein, we presented a practical methodology for the intermolecular aziridination of alkenes, using HOSA as the aminating agent, alongside pyridine or piperidine as the base, within HFIP solvent system. Notably, this approach showcases excellent reactivity, especially with nonactivated alkenes, and facilitates the transformation of various alkenes substrates, including mono-, di-, tri, and tetra-substituted alkenes, into aziridines with moderate to excellent yield. This method presents a promising avenue for synthesizing aziridines from a wide range of alkenes, featuring the benefits of straightforward operation, mild reaction conditions, extensive substrate compatibility, and scalability.
Water resources security is an important cornerstone of regional sustainable development, but the current evaluation system of water resources security is not scientific, and the measurement of safety level has not been optimized by combining algorithms. In this paper, indicators are selected according to the actual situation in Anhui Province. Firstly, correlation analysis (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA) are used to reduce the dimensionality of indicators, and then, the scientific evaluation is carried out based on genetic algorithm optimized back propagation neural network (GA-BP). This paper improves the generalization ability of the evaluation model and overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional model, which is slow in convergence and easy to fall into local optimality. The results showed that the water resources security level showed an obvious improvement trend from 2006 to 2020 and stabilized at a relatively safe level from 2014 to 2020. The subsystem of water resources environmental security is the least secure, followed by the subsystem of social and economic security, and the security of water resources regulation and response is basically stable at a relatively safe level. The conclusion of this study can provide decision-making basis for the relevant research of government, society, and scientific community.
Neural Networks, Computer , Water Resources , China , Algorithms , Principal Component Analysis , Water Supply , Conservation of Natural Resources
The fast development of the sensors in the wireless sensor networks (WSN) brings a big challenge of low energy consumption requirements, and Peer-to-peer (P2P) communication becomes the important way to break this bottleneck. However, the interference caused by different sensors sharing the spectrum and the power limitations seriously constrains the improvement of WSN. Therefore, in this paper, we proposed a deep reinforcement learning-based energy consumption optimization for P2P communication in WSN. Specifically, P2P sensors (PUs) are considered agents to share the spectrum of authorized sensors (AUs). An authorized sensor has permission to access specific data or systems, while a P2P sensor directly communicates with other sensors without needing a central server. One involves permission, the other is direct communication between sensors. Each agent can control the power and select the resources to avoid interference. Moreover, we use a double deep Q network (DDQN) algorithm to help the agent learn more detailed features of the interference. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can obtain a higher performance than the deep Q network scheme and the traditional algorithm, which can effectively lower the energy consumption for P2P communication in WSN.
Clean hydrogen has the potential to serve as an energy carrier and feedstock in decarbonizing energy systems, especially in "hard-to-abate" sectors. Although many countries have implemented policies to promote electrolytic hydrogen development, the impact of these measures on costs of production and greenhouse gas emissions remains unclear. Our study conducts an integrated analysis of provincial levelized costs and life cycle greenhouse gas emissions for all hydrogen production types in China. We find that subsidies are critical to accelerate low carbon electrolytic hydrogen development. Subsidies on renewable-based hydrogen provide cost-effective carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) emission reductions. However, subsidies on grid-based hydrogen increase CO2e emissions even compared with coal-based hydrogen because grid electricity in China still relies heavily on coal power and likely will beyond 2030. In fact, CO2e emissions from grid-based hydrogen may increase further if China continues to approve new coal power plants. The levelized costs of renewable energy-based electrolytic hydrogen vary among provinces. Transporting renewable-based hydrogen through pipelines from low- to high-cost production regions reduces the national average levelized cost of renewables-based hydrogen but may increase the risk of hydrogen leakage and the resulting indirect warming effects. Our findings emphasize that policy and economic support for nonfossil electrolytic hydrogen is critical to avoid an increase in CO2e emissions as hydrogen use rises during a clean energy transition.
Greenhouse Gases , Coal , Greenhouse Effect , Hydrogen , Power Plants , Carbon Dioxide/analysis
This study aimed to investigate the impact of the latest guidelines on the real-world clinical practice of initial lipid-lowering therapy, especially on the use of ezetimibe and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors in China. All adult patients diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction in our hospital between August 31, 2018, and August 31, 2020, were divided into the following 2 groups: those patients treated before the latest guideline release, and those patients treated after the release. A propensity score-matched method was used, and logistic regression was used to assess the association with intensive statin, ezetimibe and PCSK9 inhibitor usage together with treatment results between the 2 groups. A total of 325 patients were enrolled in this study, including 141 patients who were admitted before the release of the latest guideline and 184 patients who were admitted after the release. After a median follow-up time of 8.20 months, the mean low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was 1.87â ±â 0.59 mmol/L (1.87â ±â 0.55 in the before group vs 1.88â ±â 0.62 in the after group, Pâ =â .829). After propensity score matching, the initial usage of intensive statin therapy was decreased after guideline release without statistical significance (17.00% vs 28.00%, Pâ =â .090), whereas the usage of ezetimibe and PCSK9 inhibitors was increased (19.00% vs 8.00%, Pâ =â .039; and 10.00% vs 3.00%, Pâ =â .085, respectively). In logistic regression models, the release of the guideline was associated with a statistically significantly increased use of ezetimibe (odds ratio [OR]: 1.91; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.21, 3.02; Pâ =â .005), a marginally decreased use of intensive statins (OR: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.45, 1.03; Pâ =â .069) and a marginally increased use of PCSK9 inhibitors (OR: 1.31; 95% CI: 0.98, 1.76; Pâ =â .068). In this single-center, real-world data analysis, after the release of the 2019 European Society of Cardiology/European Atherosclerosis Society guidelines, an increasing number of patients with a recent acute myocardial infarction were initially receiving ezetimibe and PCSK9 inhibitors.
Anticholesteremic Agents , Dyslipidemias , Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors , Myocardial Infarction , Adult , Humans , Proprotein Convertase 9 , Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , PCSK9 Inhibitors , Dyslipidemias/drug therapy , Dyslipidemias/diagnosis , Ezetimibe/therapeutic use , Myocardial Infarction/drug therapy , Myocardial Infarction/chemically induced , Cholesterol, LDL
Denitrification, anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox), and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) are three competing processes of microbial nitrate reduction that determine the degree of ecosystem nitrogen (N) loss versus recycling. However, the global patterns and drivers of relative contributions of these N cycling processes to soil or sediment nitrate reduction remain unknown, limiting our understanding of the global N balance and management. Here, we compiled a global dataset of 1570 observations from a wide range of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. We found that denitrification contributed up to 66.1% of total nitrate reduction globally, being significantly greater in estuarine and coastal ecosystems. Anammox and DNRA could account for 12.7% and 21.2% of total nitrate reduction, respectively. The contribution of denitrification to nitrate reduction increased with longitude, while the contribution of anammox and DNRA decreased. The local environmental factors controlling the relative contributions of the three N cycling processes to nitrate reduction included the concentrations of soil organic carbon, ammonium, nitrate, and ferrous iron. Our results underline the dominant role of denitrification over anammox and DNRA in ecosystem nitrate transformation, which is crucial to improving the current global soil N cycle model and achieving sustainable N management.
Ammonium Compounds , Nitrates , Nitrates/analysis , Ecosystem , Denitrification , Carbon , Soil , Nitrogen , Oxidation-Reduction
Antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has emerged as a promising strategy for treating periodontitis. However, the weak binding of most photosensitizers to bacteria and the hypoxic environment of periodontal pockets severely hamper the therapeutic efficacy. Herein, two novel oxygen-independent photosensitizers are developed by introducing selenophene into viologens and modifying with hexane chains (HASeV) or quaternary ammonium chains (QASeV), which improve the adsorption to bacteria through anchoring to the negatively charged cell membrane. Notably, QASeV binds only to the bacterial surface of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum due to electrostatic binding, but HASeV can insert into their membrane by strong hydrophobic interactions. Therefore, HASeV exhibits superior antimicrobial activity and more pronounced plaque biofilm disruption than QASeV when combined with light irradiation (MVL-210 photoreactor, 350-600 nm, 50 mW/cm2), and a better effect on reducing the diversity and restoring the structure of subgingival flora in periodontitis rat model was found through 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. The histological and Micro-CT analyses reveal that HASeV-based aPDT has a better therapeutic effect in reducing periodontal tissue inflammation and alveolar bone resorption. This work provides a new strategy for the development of viologen-based photosensitizers, which may be a favorable candidate for the aPDT against periodontitis.
Periodontitis , Photochemotherapy , Animals , Rats , Photosensitizing Agents/therapeutic use , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S , Periodontitis/drug therapy , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Inflammation/drug therapy , Bacteria , Porphyromonas gingivalis
Developing biocompatible injectable hydrogels with high mechanical strength and rapid strong tissue adhesion for hemostatic sealing of uncontrolled bleeding remains a prevailing challenge. Herein, we engineer an injectable and photo-cross-linkable hydrogel based on naturally derived gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) and N-hydroxysuccinimide-modified poly(γ-glutamic acid) (γPGA-NHS). The chemically dual-cross-linked hydrogel rapidly forms after UV light irradiation and covalently bonds to the underlying tissue to provide robust adhesion. We demonstrate a significantly improved hemostatic efficacy of the hydrogel using various injury models in rats compared to the commercially available fibrin glue. Notably, the hydrogel can achieve hemostasis in porcine liver and spleen incision, and femoral artery puncture models. Moreover, the hydrogel is used for sutureless repair of the liver defect in a rat model with a significantly suppressed inflammatory response, enhanced angiogenesis, and superior healing efficacy compared to fibrin glue. Together, this study offers a promising bioadhesive for treating severe bleeding and facilitating wound repair.
Hemostatics , Hydrogels , Rats , Animals , Swine , Hydrogels/pharmacology , Hydrogels/chemistry , Fibrin Tissue Adhesive , Adhesives , Biocompatible Materials/pharmacology , Biocompatible Materials/chemistry , Hemostatics/pharmacology , Hemorrhage/drug therapy , Wound Healing
