Visualization of Hot Carrier Dynamics in a Single CsPbBr3 Perovskite Microplate Using Femtosecond Kerr-Gated Wide-Field Fluorescence Spectroscopy.

Lead halide perovskites (LHPs) have excellent semiconductor properties. They have been used in many applications such as solar cells. Recently, the hot carrier dynamics in this type of material have received much attention as they are useful for enhancing the performance of optoelectrical devices fabricated from it. Here, we study the ultrafast hot carrier dynamics of a single CsPbBr3 microplate using femtosecond Kerr-gated wide-field fluorescence spectroscopy. The transient photoluminescence spectra have been measured under a variety of excitation fluences. The temporal evolution of bandgap renormalization and the competition between hot carrier cooling and the recovery of the renormalized bandgap are clearly revealed.

Expression and Clinical Significance of Golgi Phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3) in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

This study aimed to explore the correlation of Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3) levels in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) with clinicopathologic features. GOLPH3 expression was determined by western blotting in solid tumors and the adjacent normal thyroid tissues. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and Ki-67 were examined by immunohistochemical staining. Significantly higher levels of GOLPH3 protein were observed in PTC and PTMC compared with the adjacent normal thyroid tissues ( P <0.001). GOLPH3 level was positively associated with lymph node metastasis and clinical stage in PTC ( P <0.05) and utterly related to the clinical stage in PTMC ( P =0.012). No correlation was observed between GOLPH3 level and other clinicopathologic parameters such as sex, local invasion, tumor number, and tumor size. The expression level of GOLPH3 protein in mTOR-positive PTC was significantly higher than in mTOR-negative PTC ( P =0.002 in PTC, P =0.022 in PTMC) and positively correlated with Ki-67 proliferation index in PTC via Pearson correlation analysis ( r =0.353, P =0.007 in PTC; r =0.583, P <0.001 in PTMC). In conclusion, the relative expression level of GOLPH3 protein was significantly higher in PTC and PTMC than in normal thyroid tissues and increased with cancer severity. It may provide adjunctive information for diagnosing and predicting prognosis in patients with PTC or PTMC.

Copper Thiocyanate as an Anode Interfacial Layer for Efficient Near-Infrared Organic Photodetector.

Interfacial modification between the electrode and the overlying organic layer has significant effects on the charge injection and collection and thus the device performance of organic photodetectors. Here, we used copper(I) thiocyanate (CuSCN) as the anode interfacial layer for organic photodetector, which was inserted between the anode and an organic light-sensitive layer. The CuSCN layer processed with ethyl sulfide solution presented similar optical properties to the extensively used anode interlayer of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), while the relatively shallow conduction band of CuSCN resulted in a much higher electron-injection barrier from the anode and shunt resistance than those of PEDOT:PSS. Moreover, the CuSCN-based device also exhibited an increased depletion width for the PEDOT:PSS-based device, as indicated by the Mott-Schottky analysis. These features lead to the dramatically reduced dark current density of 2.7 × 10-10 A cm-2 and an impressively high specific detectivity of 4.4 × 1013 cm Hz1/2 W-1 under -0.1 V bias and a working wavelength of 870 nm. These findings demonstrated the great potential of using CuSCN as an anode interfacial layer for developing high-performance near-infrared organic photodetectors.

High-Detectivity Non-Fullerene Organic Photodetectors Enabled by a Cross-Linkable Electron Blocking Layer.

The anode interlayer plays a critical role in the performance of organic photodetectors, which requires sufficient electron-blocking ability to simultaneously attain a high photocurrent and low dark current. Here, we developed two cross-linkable polymers, which can be deposited on the top of the widely used poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) and form a robust layer that can effectively suppress the electron injection from the anode under reverse bias. The optimized device with the resulting cross-linkable XP2 exhibited the lowest dark current density of 5.81 × 10-9 A cm-2 at -0.1 V, which is about 2 orders of magnitude lower than the control devices. A remarkable responsivity of 0.5 A W-1 and a detectivity of >1 × 1013 Jones at a near-infrared wavelength of 800 nm were achieved. Of particular importance is that the resulting device exhibited a linear dynamic range of >135 dB associated with a high working frequency that is shorter than typical commercial digital imagers. The planar heterojunction devices demonstrate that the dark current is closely correlated to the charge generation, which relied on the highest occupied molecular orbital energy levels of the developed cross-linked interlays. The Mott-Schottky analysis revealed that the optimized cross-linked interlayer increased the depletion width of the devices.

Diagnosis of liquid-gas mixed sprays in the near-field region using femtosecond laser induced supercontinuum imaging method.

Direct femtosecond shadowgraphy and supercontinuum (SC)-illumination imaging methods for diagnosing liquid-gas mixed sprays in the near-field region of spray nozzles were compared. Some big spray structures can be captured using femtosecond shadowgraphy which can freeze the motion of the sprays. But the speckles caused by the interference of multi-scattered photons erode the edges of ligaments and conceal many fine droplets. SC-illumination imaging can not only freeze the motion of the sprays but also significantly suppressing the speckles, presenting a more realistic spray pattern. Based on the SC imaging technology, the effects of various factors such as flow ratio of gas to liquid (GLR), total flow and nozzle size on the spray were studied.

The Association of OTX1 rs17850223 Polymorphisms in Han Chinese Patients with Idiopathic Epilepsy.

This study is aimed at investigating the association between orthodenticle homeobox 1 (OTX1) gene polymorphisms and idiopathic epilepsy in a cohort of Han Chinese patients. We carried out a case-control study on 147 patients with idiopathic epilepsy and 150 healthy controls. Genomic DNA was isolated from 1 ml of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA)-treated blood. The OTX1 coding sequence was divided into three parts and amplified using PCR, and the products were genotyped using the Sanger sequencing method. All OTX1 coding sequences were conserved except for rs17850223 located on the fifth exon. The frequency of the CC, CG, and GG genotypes showed no statistical differences between the idiopathic epileptic patients and the controls. The rs17850223 G allele distribution was also similar between the idiopathic epileptic patients and the controls. Interestingly, the frequency of the GG genotype was significantly higher in the patients with generalized seizures compared with that of the controls (12.2% vs. 2%, p = 0.012), and a greater distribution of the rs17850223 G allele was also seen in the patients with generalized seizures compared with controls (18.3% vs. 10%, p = 0.049). rs17850223 might play a critical role in Chinese idiopathic epileptic patients with generalized seizure activity.

[Effectiveness of endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy combined with immediate breast reconstruction via axillary incision].

Objective: To introduce an surgical technique of endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) combined with immediate breast reconstruction through simple single-port access that placed in axillary incision. Methods: Between January 2017 and February 2018, 15 female patients with breast cancer (stageⅠ in 5 cases and stage Ⅱ in 10 cases) were treated with endoscopic NSM combined with immediate breast reconstruction through simple single-port access that placed in axillary incision. They were 27-45 years old (mean, 37.5 years). The disease duration ranged from 1 to 24 months (mean, 8 months). The tumor located at the left breast in 8 cases and at the right breast in 7 cases. The diameter of tumor ranged from 1.5 to 3.0 cm (mean, 2.6 cm). The distance between tumor and nipple was 1.8-4.0 cm (mean, 2.3 cm). Results: After operation, the nipple epidermal necrosis occurred in 1 case, and subcutaneous effusion in 1 case. No subcutaneous emphysema or skin flap necrosis occurred. Postoperative pathological examination showed that 1 case was nipple involvement and was treated with nipple resection. All patients were followed up 7-17 months (mean, 11 months). According to the Harris assessment criteria for appearance of reconstructed breast, there were 4 cases of excellent, 10 cases of good, and 1 case of poor. No tumor recurrence or metastasis occurred during follow-up. Conclusion: It is a safe and feasible method of endoscopic NSM combined with immediate breast reconstruction through simple single-port access that placed in axillary incision, and can obtain good cosmetic results. It is a new option to breast reconstruction.

IMP1 suppresses breast tumor growth and metastasis through the regulation of its target mRNAs.

We have previously reported the ability of IMP1 in inhibiting proliferation and invasiveness of breast carcinoma cells in vitro. In the current study, we utilized a mouse xenograft model to further investigate the function of IMP1 in breast tumor progression and its underlying mechanism. We demonstrated that IMP1 expression significantly suppressed the growth of MDA231 cell-derived xenograft tumors and subsequent lung metastasis. Microarray analyses and differential gene expression identified handful mRNAs, many of which were involved in breast tumor-growth and metastasis. Further studies revealed that these mRNAs were directly interacted with the KH34 domain of IMP1 and this interaction post-transcriptionally regulated their corresponding protein expression. Either deletion of the KH34 domain of IMP1 or alteration of the expression of IMP1-bound mRNAs affected cell proliferation and tumor growth, producing the same phenotypes as IMP1 knockdown. Correlation of increased IMP1 expression with the reduced levels of its bound mRNAs, such as PTGS2, GDF15 and IGF-2 transcripts, was also observed in human breast tumors. Our studies provide insights into a molecular mechanism that the positive function of IMP1 to inhibit breast tumor growth and metastasis could be through the regulation of its target mRNAs.

Urolithiasis in pregnancy: survey in clinical epidemiology.

This study examined the association of pregnancy with urolithiasis and provided new insights into urolithiasis in pregnancy. A total of 462 subjects were studied from January 2004 to December 2009 in Foshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, China. Among the 462 subjects, 162 cases of urolithiasis during pregnancy (UPG) were selected as the observation group, 150 cases of no urolithiasis during pregnancy (NUPG) served as pregnancy control group, and 150 cases of no pregnancy (NPG) at reproductive age who took part in physical examination were randomly assigned into non-pregnant control group. At the same time, the patients in observation group were divided into the following sub-groups: no symptomatic urinary calculus (NSUC) and symptomatic urinary calculus (SUC) groups; SUC group was further divided into surgical intervention (SI) and conservative management (CM) groups. The general information and the data of blood and urine were collected and compared among the groups. The results showed that the incidence of urinary calculi in pregnant women was lower than that in non-pregnant women, the formation of urinary stone was associated with the change of metabolism of protein and sugar in pregnant women, and the surgical intervention was a practicable alternative to treat the clinical intractable symptomatic urinary calculi in pregnancy.

Urolithiasis in Pregnancy: Survey in Clinical Epidemiology / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

This study examined the association of pregnancy with urolithiasis and provided new insights into urolithiasis in pregnancy.A total of 462 subjects were studied from January 2004 to December 2009 in Foshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital,China.Among the 462 subjects,162 cases of urolithiasis during pregnancy (UPG) were selected as the observation group,150 cases of no urolithiasis during pregnancy (NUPG) served as pregnancy control group,and 150 cases of no pregnancy (NPG) at reproductive age who took part in physical examination were randomly assigned into non-pregnant control group.At the same time,the patients in observation group were divided into the following sub-groups:no symptomatic urinary calculus (NSUC) and symptomatic urinary calculus (SUC) groups;SUC group was further divided into surgical intervention (SI) and conservative management (CM) groups.The general information and the data of blood and urine were collected and compared among the groups.The results showed that the incidence of urinary calculi in pregnant women was lower than that in non-pregnant women,the formation of urinary stone was associated with the change of metabolism of protein and sugar in pregnant women,and the surgical intervention was a practicable alternative to treat the clinical intractable symptomatic urinary calculi in pregnancy.