Coagulopatía por SARS-CoV-2 / SARS-COV-2 COAGULOPATHY

En diciembre de 2019 se descubrió un nuevo coronavirus, asociado a pacientes que sufrían un cuadro de neumonía en Hubei provincia de China, desde ese momento se estudia las características del virus, como también de la patología que produce. En los pacientes graves, se observó un estado proinflamatorio y procoagulante que provocó la disfunción multiorgánica, y, en muchos de ellos, la muerte. El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en describir la fisiopatología de la coagulopatía que esta infección, sorprendentemente, provoca. Es importante remarcar la relación que existe entre los estados inflamatorios y la cascada de la coagulación, cuyas disfunciones ocurren en situaciones de gravedad, como es la sepsis. El SARS-CoV-2 entrara a la célula mediante el receptor de la enzima convertidora de angiotensinógeno. En los estadios avanzados o críticos de la enfermedad, el estímulo hiperinflamatorio y el ambiente protrombótico provocarán un daño multiorgánico. El enfoque de los pacientes en estadios avanzados o críticos debe ser de soporte vital, junto a una terapia anticoagulante completa

In December 2019, a new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, was discovered in patients suffering from pneumonia. In critically ill patients, a proinflammatory and procoagulant state was observed: this led to multiorgan dysfunction, and, in many patients, to death. The objective of this work is to describe the pathophysiology of coagulopathy that this infection, surprisingly, causes. It is important to highlight the cross-talk between inflammation and coagulation in serious situations, such as sepsis. SARS-CoV-2 will enter the cell via the angiotensinogen converting enzyme receptor. In the advanced or critical stages of the disease, the hyperinflammatory stimulus and the prothrombotic environment will cause multi-organ damage. The approach of patients in advanced or critical stages should be life support, together with full anticoagulant therapy.

Supplementation with Resveratrol, Piperine and Alpha-Tocopherol Decreases Chronic Inflammation in a Cluster of Older Adults with Metabolic Syndrome.

Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is increasing worldwide regardless of culture, genetic, gender, and geographic differences. While multiple individual risk factors, such as obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia, can cause cardiovascular disease (CVD), it is the intercurrence of these risk factors that defines MetS as a cluster that creates an environment for atherosclerosis and other manifestations of CVD. Despite the advances in the knowledge and management of each of the components of MetS, there are two molecular biology processes, chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, which are still underdiagnosed and undertreated. In order to assess the effect of a dietary supplement on chronic inflammation in MetS, we conducted a clinical trial with volunteers receiving a formula composed of resveratrol, piperine and alpha tocopherol (FRAMINTROL®), together with their habitual treatment, for three months. The inflammatory state was evaluated by ultrasensitive C reactive protein (US CRP) and ferritin in plasma, and oxygen consumption and chemiluminescence in neutrophils. The results showed that ferritin decreased by 10% (p < 0.05), US-CRP by 33% (p < 0.0001), oxygen consumption by 55% (p < 0.0001), and spontaneous chemiluminiscence was by 25% (p < 0.005) after treatment. As far as we know, this is the first study showing a chronic inflammation decrease in MetS patients due to the administration of a biopower Resveratrol-piperine and alpha tocopherol dietary supplement together with conventional therapy.

Problemas gastrointestinales, nutricionales, endocrinológicos y de microbiota en el trastorno del espectro autista / Gastrointestinal, nutritional, endocrine, and microbiota conditions in autism spectrum disorder

Los problemas médicos gastrointestinales, nutricionales, metabólicos, endocrinológicos y de microbiota en los pacientes pediátricos con diagnóstico de trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) son parte de los problemas médicos concomitantes al diagnóstico. La prevalencia alcanza a más del 91 % en el caso de los problemas gastrointestinales, hasta el 89 % para los nutricionales y metabólicos, más del 50 % de disfunción tiroidea y hasta el 100 % para los relacionados con la microbiota.Es urgente actualizar la práctica médica para incluir la evaluación, testeo, diagnóstico y tratamiento de estos problemas médicos concomitantes al diagnóstico de TEA en la población pediátrica, adolescente y adulta. El tratamiento riguroso de dichos problemas genera cambios positivos en la calidad de vida y en la sintomatología bajo la cual el TEA se diagnostica en muchos casos. Debe basarse en evidencia científica de alta calidad, con control y cuidado médico adecuado

Gastrointestinal, nutritional, metabolic, endocrine, and microbiota medical problems in pediatric patients diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are some of the coexisting medical conditions in ASD diagnosis. Their prevalence reaches more than 91 % for gastrointestinal problems, up to 89 % for nutritional and metabolic disorders, more than 50 % for thyroid dysfunction, and up to 100 % for microbiota-related conditions.There is an urgency for medical practice to be updated and to include the assessment, testing, diagnosis, and treatment of these coexisting medical conditions in ASD diagnosis in the pediatric, adolescent, and adult population. A strict management of such conditions results in positive changes in the quality of life and symptoms based on which ASD is diagnosed many times. It should be based on high-quality scientific evidence with an adequate medical care and control

Gastrointestinal, nutritional, endocrine, and microbiota conditions in autism spectrum disorder. / Problemas gastrointestinales, nutricionales, endocrinológicos y de microbiota en el trastorno del espectro autista.

Gastrointestinal, nutritional, metabolic, endocrine, and microbiota medical problems in pediatric patients diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are some of the coexisting medical conditions in ASD diagnosis. Their prevalence reaches more than 91 % for gastrointestinal problems, up to 89 % for nutritional and metabolic disorders, more than 50 % for thyroid dysfunction, and up to 100 % for microbiota-related conditions. There is an urgency for medical practice to be updated and to include the assessment, testing, diagnosis, and treatment of these coexisting medical conditions in ASD diagnosis in the pediatric, adolescent, and adult population. A strict management of such conditions results in positive changes in the quality of life and symptoms based on which ASD is diagnosed many times. It should be based on high-quality scientific evidence with an adequate medical care and control.

Los problemas médicos gastrointestinales, nutricionales, metabólicos, endocrinológicos y de microbiota en los pacientes pediátricos con diagnóstico de trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) son parte de los problemas médicos concomitantes al diagnóstico. La prevalencia alcanza a más del 91 % en el caso de los problemas gastrointestinales, hasta el 89 % para los nutricionales y metabólicos, más del 50 % de disfunción tiroidea y hasta el 100 % para los relacionados con la microbiota. Es urgente actualizar la práctica médica para incluir la evaluación, testeo, diagnóstico y tratamiento de estos problemas médicos concomitantes al diagnóstico de TEA en la población pediátrica, adolescente y adulta. El tratamiento riguroso de dichos problemas genera cambios positivos en la calidad de vida y en la sintomatología bajo la cual el TEA se diagnostica en muchos casos. Debe basarse en evidencia científica de alta calidad, con control y cuidado médico adecuado.

Humanism in medicine: The critical role of pediatricians in autism spectrum disorder. / Humanismo en medicina: El rol crucial del pediatra en el trastorno del espectro autista.

In this article, we describe the importance of coexisting medical problems in the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It is worth noting the role of pediatricians as health care providers trained to assess, test, diagnose, and treat such conditions during childhood. The population diagnosed with ASD is systemically vulnerable. ASD is the name given to a group of symptoms resulting from a systemic, dynamic, chronic encephalopathy according to the model proposed by Martha Herbert, M.D. (Harvard, USA). Based on this model, we may describe the circumstances of patients' families who, in Argentina, are unable to find answers on the coexisting medical problems in the diagnosis of ASD according to the psychoanalytic, genetic, and neurodiversity models. It is necessary to review current models in the setting of humanism in medicine because, so far, results have not been as expected.

Este artículo presenta la importancia de los problemas médicos concomitantes al diagnóstico del trastorno del espectro autista (TEA). Se resalta el rol del pediatra como el profesional médico preparado para evaluar, testear, diagnosticar y tratar estos problemas en la niñez. La población con diagnóstico de TEA es vulnerable sistémicamente. TEA es el nombre dado a una sintomatología emergente de una encefalopatía crónica, dinámica y sistémica según el modelo de la doctora Martha Herbert (Harvard, EE. UU.). Basados en este, se plantea la situación de las familias de los pacientes, en la Argentina, que no encuentran respuestas sobre los problemas médicos concomitantes al diagnóstico del TEA con los modelos: psicoanalítico, genético y de las neurodiversidades. Se establece la necesidad de revisar los modelos vigentes, en el marco del humanismo en medicina, debido a que los resultados no son los esperados.

Resveratrol, human health and winemaking perspectives.

Resveratrol, (3, 5, 4'-trihydroxystilbene) is a non-flavonoid polyphenol stilbene synthesized by plants when damaged by infectious diseases or ionizing radiation. Although present in more than seventy plant species, grapes and wine are the major dietary contributors of resveratrol, responsible for 98% of the daily intake. In 1992, Renaud and De Lorgeril first linked wine polyphenols, including resveratrol, to the potential health benefits ascribed to regular and moderate wine consumption (the so called "French Paradox"). Since then, resveratrol has received increasing scientific interest, leading to research on its biological actions, and to a large number of published papers, which have been collected and discussed in this review. The relatively low amounts of resveratrol measured in wine following moderate consumption, however, may be insufficient to mitigate biological damage, such as that due to oxidative stress. On this basis, the authors also highlight the importance of viticulture and the winemaking process to enhance resveratrol concentrations in wine in order to bolster potential health benefits.

La hora de oro en la atención de las urgencia psiquiátricas

Esta obra abordalas urgencias psiquiatricas, la farmacologia y el Derecho de los pacientes, nos brinda la comprension de los casos clinicos, que un medico debe atender, desarrollandos cuadros del como es importnte, la forma del abordaje al paciente, con palabras concisa y de facil lectura

Efectos de un curso breve de tabaquismo en una Facultad de Medicina / Effects of an educational intervention about tobacco use in a School of Medicine

INTRODUCCIÓN: A pesar de que los médicos conocen los efectos deletéreos del tabaquismo sobre la salud, la prevalencia del consumo de tabaco en ellos y en los estudiantes de Medicina es alta. OBJETIVO: Evaluar el efecto de un curso breve de tabaquismo sobre los conocimientos y actitudes relacionados con el uso del tabaco en los estudiantes de Medicina. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un ensayo clínico aleatorizado por clusters. Se incluyó a los alumnos de 4º año de Medicina de la Universidad de Buenos Aires. Se dictó un curso breve de tabaquismo y a los 3 meses se evaluó su efecto. RESULTADOS: Se invitó a participar a 354 estudiantes, de los cuales concurrieron 299 (84%). El 70%eran mujeres, el 26% trabajaba y el 20% vivía solo. La mediana de edad fue de 23 años. El 29% de los participantes fumaba. De los fumadores, el 78% eran mujeres y el 57% lo hacía en forma diaria. El 51% de los alumnos dijo estar expuesto a humo de tabaco ajeno (HTA) en su hogar y el 90%, a HTA fuera del hogar. El 40% consideró que el consejo médico para dejar de fumar no era efectivo. El 97% señaló que nunca había recibido enseñanza sobre cesación tabáquica y más del 97% consideró que era necesario recibirla. No se observaron cambios estadísticamente significativos en la prevalencia de tabaquismo, la exposicicón al humo de tabaco ajeno y la percepción de utilidad del consejo médico, luego de la administración del curso. CONCLUSIONES: La transmisión de conocimientos no fue efectiva para modificar los conocimientos previos y las actitudes respecto del tabaquismo.

INTRODUCTION: Although physicians know the adverse effects of tobacco use, smoking prevalence among them and medical students remains high. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of an educational intervention on 4th year medical student knowledge and attitudes about tobacco use. METHODS: A randomized cluster trial was conducted among 4th year medical students of the University of Buenos Aires. It consisted of dictating a course about tobacco control and assessing the effects of the intervention 3 months later. RESULTS: 354 students were invited to participate, and 299 (84%) accepted. 70% were women, 26% had a job and 20% lived alone. The median age was 23 years. Eighty eight students (29%) were smokers, of whom 50 (57%) smoked daily; 78% of the smokers were women. 51% of respondents were exposed to second hand smoke (SHS) at their home and 90% were exposed to it outside their homes. Ninety seven percent of participants had never received any teaching about smoking cessation and an even higher percentage considered that they should have it. Forty percent of respondents considered that medical advice for smoking cessation was not effective. No significant changes in smoking prevalence, exposure to second hand smoke and perception of help fulness of medical advice were observed after the implementation of the educational intervention. CONCLUSION: Providing know ledge on tobacco did not change student consumption, attitudes or knowledge about tobacco.