Triptófano como suplemento dietético y tratamiento de los sofocos, la astenia y el insomnio en el cáncer / L-tryptophan as dietetic supplement and treatment for hot flashes, astenia, and insomnia in cancer patients

Introducción: tanto en las mujeres con cáncer de mama y cáncer ginecológico como en los hombres con carcinoma prostático, los sofocos, la astenia y el insomnio son síntomas frecuentes y molestos que alteran la calidad de vida. Objetivo: evaluar la eficacia del aporte de triptófano como tratamiento de los sofocos, la astenia y el insomnio en pacientes con cáncer de próstata, de mama y cervicouterino. Materiales y métodos: estudio de intervención sin grupo de control en el Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica del HUCA, en el período de julio de 2018 a julio de 2019. Se incluyeron en total 60 pacientes con cáncer de próstata, de mama y cervicouterino que habían recibido tratamiento con radioterapia y hormonoterapia, y que presentaban sofocos, astenia e insomnio. Se administraron 3 g de L-triptófano al día. Resultados: se reportan un aumento significativo del valor del triptófano sérico al final del estudio (p < 0,001) y una disminución significativa de las puntuaciones de los síntomas estudiados; aunque no hemos hallado ninguna significación estadística entre ellos, sí se aprecia una mejoría significativa de cada uno de los síntomas, así como una mejoría de la calidad de vida (p < 0,001). Conclusiones: el estudio actual sugiere que, en los pacientes con cáncer de mama, de próstata o cervicouterino y síntomas de sofocos, astenia e insomnio, el aporte de triptófano como suplemento nutricional se tolera bien, mejora la calidad de vida y puede asociarse a una mejoría de los valores obtenidos en las escalas de los síntomas referidos, aunque no se demuestra ninguna relación estadísticamente significativa con la elevación del triptófano en sangre. (AU)

Introduction: in women with breast cancer and gynecologic cancer, as well as in men with prostate carcinoma, hot flashes, asthenia, and insomnia are common and bothersome symptoms that impair quality of life. Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of tryptophan intake as a treatment for hot flushes, asthenia, and insomnia in patients with prostate, breast, and uterine cervical cancer. Materials and methods: intervention study without a control group at the HUCA Radiation Oncology Service, from July 2018 to July 2019. A total of 60 patients with prostate, breast, or uterine cervical cancer who had received treatment with radiotherapy and hormone therapy, and who presented with hot flushes, asthenia, and insomnia were included. L-tryptophan was administered at a dose of 3 g per day. Results: a significant increase in serum tryptophan levels at the end of the study (p < 0.001) and a significant decrease in the scores of the study symptoms were reported. Although statistical significance was not found, a significant improvement in each symptom was observed, as well as an improvement in quality of life (p < 0.001). Conclusions: the study suggests that, in patients with breast, prostate, or uterine cervical cancer, and symptoms such as hot flushes, asthenia, and insomnia, the administration of tryptophan as a nutritional supplement is well tolerated, improves quality of life, and is associated with improvement in the scale scores of the symptoms of interest, although no statistically significant relationship with increased blood tryptophan levels was found. (AU)

Extreme weekly hypofractionation in breast cancer in elderly.

Breast cancer is the second cause of cancer death worldwide. One-half of new cases are diagnosed in elderly patients, with a growing global life expectancy and with age being a major risk factor for breast cancer. Radiation therapy is one of the main treatments as adjuvant treatment whenever possible and as definitive if not. Daily conventional fractionation over 5 weeks is costly and lengthy, and alternatively weekly hypofractionation could be a good option in elderly patients with comorbidities, social problems and who live far from the treatment center. The purpose of this article is to review weekly hypofractionated schedules in elderly patients published in literature, in terms of locoregional recurrence (LRR) and side effects. There are eleven studies on the topic with different treatment schedules, 87.1% of lesions were adjuvant treatments and 12.9% definitive treatments, with a range of LRRs between 0% and 16% depending on several factors. The number of acute side effects as grade 3 or grade 4 was very low, being less than 15% in all series. The most significant late side effect was fibrosis in a range between 15.1% and 39.2%. Extreme weekly hypofractionated radiation therapy seems to be a safe treatment without significant side effects.