Negative impact of oral health conditions on oral health related quality of life of community dwelling elders in Mexico city, a population based study.

AIM: Oral health in old persons is frequently poor; non-functional prostheses are common and negatively affect quality of life. The objective of this study was to estimate the impact of oral health problems on oral health related quality of life in a sample of home dwelling Mexican elders. METHODS: Household survey in 655 persons 70 years old and over residing in one county in Mexico City. VARIABLES: Oral Health Related Quality of Life (Short version of the Oral Health Impact Profile validated in Mexico-OHIP-14-sp), self-perception of general and oral health, xerostomia, utilization of dental services, utilization and functionality of removable dental prostheses, dental and periodontal conditions, age, gender, marital status, schooling, depression, cognitive impairment and independence in activities of daily living (ADL). A negative binomial regression model was fitted. RESULTS: Mean age was 79.2 ± 7.1 years; 54.2% were women. Mean OHIP-14-Sp score was 6.8 ± 8.7, median was 4. The final model showed that men (RR = 1.30); persons with xerostomia (RR = 1.41); no utilization of removable prostheses (RR = 1.55); utilization of non-functional removable prostheses (RR = 1.69); fair self-perception of general health (RR = 1.34); equal (RR = 1.43) or worse (RR = 2.32) self-perception of oral health compared with persons of the same age; and being dependent for at least one ADL (RR = 1.71) increased the probability of higher scores of the OHIP-14-sp. Age, schooling, depression, cognitive impairment and periodontal conditions showed no association. CONCLUSIONS: Oral rehabilitation can improve quality of life, health education and health promotion for the elder and their caregivers may reduce the risk of dental problems. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 744-752.

Relationship between severe early childhood caries, mother's oral health and mutans streptococci in a low-income group: changes from 1996 to 2007.

UNLABELLED: The relationship between dental caries and mutans streptococci (ms) in children and their mothers is a key factor in the prevention of early childhood caries. Changes in early childhood caries over time in Mexican children have not been well documented. OBJECTIVE: To compare the dental caries indices and presence of ms in 3- to 5-year-old children and their mothers in two surveys, the first one carried out in 1996 and the second one in 2007. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. RESULTS: The first survey included 102 mother-child dyads and the second 103. Dental caries index dmfs was 7.17 (+/- 10.9) and 4.58 (+/- 7.1) in the first and second survey, respectively (p < 0.05). Ms levels were higher in 1996 than in 2007 (p < 0.001). The prevalence of Severe Early Childhood Caries (SECC) was 42.2% and 34.95% in first and second surveys, respectively, (p > 0.05). Children with SECC showed higher counts of ms than children without this condition. A high caries index in mothers was associated with higher caries experience in their children. CONCLUSION: The compassions of the surveys indicated a decline in dental caries indices over an 11-year period. High caries experience in the mother had a negative impact on the oral condition of the child.

High association of human papillomavirus infection with oral cancer: a case-control study.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to determine the association of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) in Mexican individuals with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and their association with various risk factors. METHODS: We designed a matched case-control study. Cases were individuals with newly diagnosed OSCC, age- and sex-matched with controls (1:4). Demographic and clinical data were obtained; also a self-administered questionnaire about sexual behavior was included. DNA from oral brushing was purified to amplify HPV-DNA through MY09/MY11 and GP5+/GP6+ primers and subsequently subjected to sequencing. Conditional regression models were built to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: Sixty two cases and 248 controls (53.2% males), median age 62 years (Q1-Q3=54-72 years) were included. HPV prevalence was 43.5% in cases and 17.3% in controls (HR-HPV: 37.1% cases, 9.7% controls). The most frequent types in cases were HPV-16 and HPV-18 (55.6 and 18.5%). The presence of HR-HPV was associated with OSCC (OR=6.2; 95% CI: 2.98-12.97) controlling for the most common risk factors. An interaction between smoking and drinking was detected, and family history of cancer was also significant (OR: 3.61; 95% CI=1.44-8.99). Early age at first sexual intercourse and large number of lifetime sexual partners showed an association with HR-HPV (p=0.019 and p=0.033, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Oral HR-HPV was strongly associated with OSCC, suggesting that HPV-16 and -18 are risk factors for oral cancer in Mexican patients. A significant association of tobacco and alcohol was confirmed. In addition, family history of cancer was associated with OSCC. The results underline the role of HPV in OSCC and its multifactorial etiology.