RESUMEN
Acute traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is recognized as a global problem that can lead to a range of acute and secondary complications impacting morbidity and mortality. There is still a lack of reliable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in patients with SCI that could help guide clinical care and identify novel therapeutic targets for future drug discovery. The aim of this prospective controlled study was to determine the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) and serum profiles of 10 biomarkers as indicators of SCI diagnosis, severity, and prognosis to aid in assessing appropriate treatment modalities. CSF and serum samples of 15 SCI and ten healthy participants were included in the study. The neurological assessments were scored on admission and at discharge from the hospital using the American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Score (AIS) grades. The CSF and serum concentrations of SBDP150, S100B, GFAP, NF-L, UCHL-1, Tau, and IL-6 were significantly higher in SCI patients when compared with the control group. The CSF GBDP 38/44K, UCHL-L1, S100B, GFAP, and Tau levels were significantly higher in the AIS A patients. This study demonstrated a strong correlation between biomarker levels in the diagnosis and injury severity of SCI but no association with short-term outcomes. Future prospective controlled studies need to be done to support the results of this study.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Surgical resection is the curative treatment for all subtypes of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), including intrahepatic, hilar/peri-hilar, and distal. This study evaluates patients with CCA who underwent surgery and determines factors that impact their survival. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was performed for patients who underwent surgical resection for CCA at our institution from 1995 to 2016. Demographics, operative variables between CCA tumors, and postoperative complications were analyzed. Predictors of overall and recurrence-free survival were determined via statistical analysis. RESULTS: A total of 170 patients with a mean age of 61 years old underwent surgical resection of intrahepatic (n = 64, 37.6%), hilar/peri-hilar (n = 75, 44.1%), and distal (n = 31, 18.2%) CCA. Operations performed included liver resections (n = 83, 48.8%), liver transplants (n = 56, 32.9%), and pancreaticoduodenectomies (n = 31, 18.2%). The overall survival rate at 1, 5, and 10 years was 81.1%, 32.4%, and 17.2%, respectively. Low pathological stage and negative resection margins were associated with lower recurrence and higher survival rates. Tumor location and the type of operation performed were not predictive of recurrence or OS in this cohort. DISCUSSION: This study shows that definitive surgical resection with negative margins can result in long-term survival even at 10 years. Small tumor size and low pathological stage are predictive of higher survival rates post-surgery, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate surgical treatment in achieving positive outcomes.
