Exploring FAST Technique for Diffusion Bonding of Tungsten to EUROFERE97 in DEMO First Wall.

The European Fusion Reactor (DEMO, Demonstration Power Plant) relies significantly on joining technologies in its design. Current research within the EUROfusion framework focuses on developing materials for the first wall and divertor applications, emphasizing the need for suitable joining processes, particularly for tungsten. The electric field-assisted sintering technique (FAST) emerges as a promising alternative due to its high current density, enabling rapid heating and cooling rates for fast sintering or joining. In this study, FAST was employed to join tungsten and EUROFERE97 steel, the chosen materials for the first wall, using 50-µm-thick Cu foils as interlayers. Three distinct joining conditions were tested at 980 °C for 2, 5, and 9 min at 41.97 MPa to optimize joint properties and assess FAST parameters influence. Hardness measurements revealed values around 450 HV0.1 for tungsten, 100 HV0.1 for copper, and 390 HV0.1 for EUROFER97 under all joining conditions. Increasing bonding time improved joint continuity along the EUROFER97/Cu and W/Cu interfaces. Notably, the 5 min bonding time resulted in the highest shear strength, while the 9 min sample exhibited reduced strength, possibly due to Kirkendall porosity accumulation at the EUROFER97/Cu interface. This porosity facilitated crack initiation and propagation, diminishing interfacial adhesion properties.

Presentación de un meningocele lumbosacro en un adulto / Case Presentation of a ruptured lumbosacral meningocele in an adult patient

La espina bífida, o mielodisplasia, es una anomalía de origen multifactorial congénita que se presenta con mayor frecuencia durante el desarrollo embrionario. Se produce por el cierre parcial de los pliegues neurales conjuntamente con una fusión defectuosa de los arcos vertebrales. Su clínica es variable e incluye una serie de manifestaciones como expresión del compromiso neurológico. El diagnóstico se basa en la presencia de las manifestaciones clínicas ayudado de estudios imagenológicos. La corrección quirúrgica del defecto es la conducta terapéutica que se preconiza como adecuada. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 34 años de edad con mielomeningocele no corregido en edad infantil que se presenta con complicaciones infecciosas y secuelas neurológicas. Se administró esquema de antibioticoterapia con varios antibióticos de amplio espectro, y se decidió intervenir quirúrgicamente, con lo que se logró el cierre del orificio comunicante de la región espinal con el exterior. Además, se reconstruyó la zona aledaña al mielomeningocele para evitar posible sepsis del Sistema Nervioso Central. La paciente tuvo una evolución favorable y fue dada de alta hospitalaria a los 7 días posteriores a la intervención quirúrgica sin secuelas neurológicas(AU)

Spine bifida, or myelodysplasia, is a multifactorial congenital anomaly that occurs most frequently during embryonic development. It is produced by the partial closure of the neural folds together with a defective fusion of the vertebral arches. Its clinic is variable and includes a series of manifestations as an expression of neurological compromise. The diagnosis is based on the presence of clinical manifestations, aided by imaging studies. Surgical correction of the defect is the therapeutic conduct that is recommended as adequate. This report presents the case of a 34-year-old patient with uncorrected myelomeningocele in childhood who presented with infectious and neurological sequelae complications(AU)

Teratoma quístico intrarraquídeo en un adulto / Cystic Intraspinal Teratoma

RESUMEN El teratoma es una lesión congénita, pero los más pequeños no son descubiertos hasta mucho más tarde en el transcurso de la vida de la persona. Un teratoma maduro es típicamente benigno y se halla más frecuentemente en mujeres y un teratoma inmaduro es maligno y se encuentra con más frecuencia en varones. Presentar un caso no frecuente de un tumor intraespinal en un adulto. Se presenta un caso con un teratoma intrarraquídeo, subdural extramedular a nivel de T7-T8 en un adulto que resulta una rareza por su histología y su localización. Este tumor encapsulado contiene tejidos u órganos que recuerda los derivados normales de las tres capas germinales. Dentro de su cápsula se puede observar uno o más quistes y son generalmente benignos. Este paciente debutó con un síndrome paraparético con trastornos sensitivos y esfinterianos, por lo que fue ingresado de urgencia y se realizaron estudios simples de imagen y resonancia magnética diagnosticándose un tumor intrarraquídeo a nivel dorsal. Los teratomas espinales se comportan como un proceso expansivo; su tratamiento de elección es el quirúrgico. El paciente a los 6 meses de operado logró la marcha con más facilidad con ayuda de un bastón y los trastornos sensitivos y esfinterianos desaparecieron.

ABSTRACT The teratoma is a lesion that is present at birth, congenital, but the smallest are not discovered until much later in the course of the person's life. A mature teratoma is typically benign and is found more often in women, and an immature teratoma is malignant and is found more often in men. To present an unusual case of an intraspinal tumor in an adult. A case is presented with an intraspinal, subdural-extramedullary teratoma at the level of T7-T8 in an adult, which is a rarity due to its histology and location. This encapsulated tumor contains tissues or organs resembling normal derivatives of the three germ layers. Within its capsule one or more cysts can be observed and they are generally benign. This patient debuted with a paraparetic syndrome with sensory and sphincter disorders and was admitted to the emergency department. Simple imaging studies and Magnetic Resonance Imaging were performed, diagnosing an intraspinal tumor at the dorsal level. Spinal teratomas behave as an expansive process; His treatment of choice is surgery. Six months after surgery, the patient was able to walk more easily with the help of a cane, and the sensory and sphincter disorders disappeared.

Fast Pairwise Conversion of Supernova Neutrinos: A Dispersion Relation Approach.

Collective pair conversion ν_{e}ν[over ¯]_{e}↔ν_{x}ν[over ¯]_{x} by forward scattering, where x=µ or τ, may be generic for supernova neutrino transport. Depending on the local angular intensity of the electron lepton number carried by neutrinos, the conversion rate can be "fast," i.e., of the order of sqrt[2]G_{F}(n_{ν_{e}}-n_{ν[over ¯]_{e}})≫Δm_{atm}^{2}/2E. We present a novel approach to understand these phenomena: a dispersion relation for the frequency and wave number (Ω,K) of disturbances in the mean field of ν_{e}ν_{x} flavor coherence. Runaway solutions occur in "dispersion gaps," i.e., in "forbidden" intervals of Ω and/or K where propagating plane waves do not exist. We stress that the actual solutions also depend on the initial and/or boundary conditions, which need to be further investigated.