Treatment of Open Bite Based on Skeletal Anchorage Using Extrusion Lever Arms and Class III Elastics.

A 26-year-old woman had a masticatory dysfunction, straight profile, retrognathic maxilla and mandible, and Angle's class I with a tendency to class III malocclusion on both sides, with bilateral posterior crossbites and a 4 mm anterior open bite. Orthognathic surgery and orthodontic camouflage with and without tooth extraction were considered as treatment options. The patient's preferred method of treatment was orthodontic camouflage without extraction. The transpalatal arch had been placed for the bilateral molars' derotation. After 3 months, the upper segmented fixed appliance was implanted to address the posterior crossbites in the premolar's region. One mini-implant was inserted into the anterior palatum after the transpalatal arch was removed, and a supporting device was attached to the first permanent molars to give indirect skeletal stability. Orthodontic treatment's active phase lasted 23 months, and all treatment objectives were achieved during that time: the desired facial profile, adequate occlusion, appropriate overbite, and overjet.

Comparative In Vitro Biocompatibility Study of the Two Orthodontic Bonding Materials of Different Types.

In the present study, the in vitro biocompatibility and cell response to two commonly used orthodontic bonding materials of different types, one self-curing and one light-curing, were examined and compared in indirect and direct cell culture systems. The study was conducted on fibroblasts and macrophages as in vitro models to study the biocompatibility of dental materials. Differences were found between the light- and self-curing material in cytotoxicity and effects on fibroblasts' proliferation in indirect cell culture systems as well as in macrophages response in vitro in both direct and indirect cell culture systems. Based on the obtained results, we can conclude that the self-curing material is generally more cytotoxic for fibroblasts compared to the light-curing, while macrophages' response to these materials was dependent on the macrophages' state and differed between the examined materials. This indicates that more attention should be paid when choosing and applying these materials in practice due to their toxicity to cells. Prior to their use, all aspects should be considered regarding the patient's conditions, associated problems, microenvironment in the oral cavity, etc. Further studies on in vivo models should be conducted to fully understand the potential long-term effects of the use of mentioned materials in orthodontics.

Nitric oxide synthesis modulation - a possible diagnostic and therapeutic target in colorectal cancer.

PURPOSE: Considering the contradictory literature data about the role of nitric oxide (NO) in colon carcinogenesis, the purpose of this study was to examine the changes of L-arginine metabolites in colon cancer and surrounding tissue as possible molecular markers of tumor behavior after surgery and the possibility of NO synthesis modulation in new individualized therapeutic strategies. METHODS: The study encompassed 50 patients who underwent surgery for colorectal cancer (CRC). The three tissue specimens were taken by surgery (tumor, adjacent and healthy tissue) and the concentrations of NO2+NO3, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) were determined in the tissue specimens. RESULTS: The results proved higher NO2+NO3 concentrations in adjacent tissue compared to the tumor, implicating high angiogenic potential of the tumor-surrounding tissue, which could have clinical importance in the assessment of the probability of tumor local recurrence and metastasis. Increased ADMA concentrations in tumor tissue associated with low NO levels, could lead to new therapeutic strategies directed to the use of inhibitors of NO synthesis as ideal candidates for molecular therapy of CRC. ADMA concentration in adjacent tissue was an independent predictor of distant metastasis. CONCLUSIONS: The obtained results suggest that determination of the examined biomarkers in CRC and adjacent tissue samples could give useful information about tumor proliferative and angiogenic potential, which in turn could enable individualization of therapy and the choice of proper adjuvant therapy in patients with CRC.

Index of orthodontic treatment need in children from the Nis region.

BACKGROUND/AIM: The Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) is a scoring system for malocclusion that con- sists of the two independent components: Denal Health Component (DHC) and Aesthetic-Component (AC). IOTNs are usually used in the countries with dental healthcare financed by the government through the national healthcare system or healthcare insurance. The aim of the study was to determine IOTN in primary school children from the town of Nis and to asses percent of children with any kind of orthodontic treatment. METHODS: The study involved 301 school children, 11-14 (12.4 ± 1.1) years old. The IOTN was used by the two examiners in order to evaluate the treatment need. RESULTS: The results of the study showed that 111 (37%) out of 301 examined children had orthodonic treat- ment (33.33% boys and 66.67% girls) and they were excluded from the study. Out of final sample of 190 school children, considering DHC of the IOTN, 27.4% of the children showed great (grades 4-5), 41.0% moderate (grade 3) and 31.6% slight or no treatment need (grade 1-2). Considering IOTN AC, 15.3% of the children showed great (grade 8-10), 24.3 % moderate (grade 5-7) and 60.4% slight or no treatment need (grade 1-4). CONCLUSION: The need for ortho- dontic treatment in school children in the town of Nis, Serbia, is similar to the need in most European countries, despite the fact that the number of children orthodontically treated is much higher compared to most of European countries.

Aspects of orthodontic-prosthetic rehabilitation of dentofacial anomalies.

Skeletal class III malocclusion is one of the most difficult dentofacial anomalies, characterized by deviation in the development of the mandible and maxilla in the sagittal plane, where the mandible is dominant in relation to the maxilla. In patients with class III malocclusion, anomalies in the dentoalveolar level and esthetic discrepancies are also frequent. The etiology of class III malocclusion is multifactorial due to the interaction of hereditary and environmental factors. Rehabilitation and treatment of malocclusion is one of the major goals of modern dentistry. This article presents the orthodontic-prosthetic therapy and rehabilitation of a 45-year-old patient with an abnormal occlusal vertical dimension and a skeletal class III malocclusion. The patient came to the clinic complaining about degraded esthetics and disordered functions of the orofacial region (functions of eating, swallowing, speech) and also pain in the temporomandibular joint. After the diagnosis was made, the patient was first referred to orthodontic treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances (self-ligating brackets system Rot 0.22). Upon completion of the orthodontic treatment, the patient was sent for further prosthetic treatment. Fixed prosthetic restorations were made in the upper and lower jaw, thus achieving a satisfactory result in terms of esthetics and function of the stomatognathic system.