The Application of "Table Tennis Racquet" Random Skin Flap in the Treatment of Facial Skin Carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: The repair of facial skin and soft tissue defects remains a clinical challenge. The author introduced a novel "table tennis racquet" random skin flap for wound repair after facial skin cancer excision and discussed its survival mechanisms. METHODS: A lateral mandibular neck skin flap shaped like a table tennis racquet with no well-known blood vessels at the narrow pedicle was designed in 31 cases to repair tissue defects. Among them, there were 8 cases of skin carcinoma in the frontotemporal area and 23 cases of skin carcinoma in the cheek. The flap area was 8.0 × 7.0 cm at maximum and 3.0 × 2.5 cm at minimum, with a pedicle width of 1.0-2.0 cm and a pedicle length of 2.0-6.0 cm. RESULTS: All 31 "table tennis racquet" random skin flaps survived, although there were 3 cases with delayed healing of distal flap bruising. All of them had an ideal local shape after repair with a concealed donor area and inconspicuous scars. CONCLUSIONS: This flap has a "table tennis racquet" shape with a pedicle without well-known blood vessels and has a length-to-width ratio that exceeds that of conventional random flaps, making it unconventional. Because of its long and narrow pedicle, it not only has a large rotation and coverage area but also can be designed away from the defect area, avoiding the defect of no donor tissue being localized near the defect. Overall, this approach is an ideal option for repairing tissue defects after enlarged excision of facial skin carcinoma.

Autologous i-PRF promotes healing of radiation-induced skin injury.

Skin, as an exposed tissue, often suffers damage after exposure to radiotherapy and accidental events, which may lead to the formation of chronic refractory wounds. However, effective treatment options are usually limited for severe radiation-induced skin injury (RSI). Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been identified to promote wound healing, but whether a new generation of blood-derived biomaterial, injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF), is effective in repairing RSI remains unclear. In this study, blood was drawn from humans and Sprague-Dawley rats to prepare PRP and i-PRF, and the regenerative functions of PRP and i-PRF were investigated by exposing the dorsal skin of SD rats to local radiation (45 Gy) and exposing HDF-α cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) cells to X-rays (10 Gy). The healing effect of i-PRF on RSI was analysed by tube formation assay, cell migration and apoptosis assays, ROS assay, wound healing assay, histological characterisation and immunostaining. The results showed that exposure to high doses of radiation reduced cell viability, increased ROS levels and induced cell apoptosis, thereby causing dorsal trauma of rats. However, both PRP and i-PRF could resisted RSI, and they were capable of reducing inflammation and promoting angiogenesis and vascular regeneration. i-PRF has a higher concentration of platelets and platelet-derived growth factors, which has a more convenient preparation method and better repair effect and possesses a good application prospect for the repair of RSI.

Effectiveness of combination therapy of broadband light and intradermal injection of tranexamic acid in the treatment of chloasma.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy and safety of broadband light (BBL) combined with intradermal injection of tranexamic acid for treating melasma. METHODS: 120 women with melasma admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to April 2022 were randomly categorized into the following groups: control group, treated with 250 mg tranexamic acid given orally twice daily, except during menstruation; group I, treated with BBL (Sciton, Inc., USA) monthly; group II, received intradermal injections of tranexamic acid monthly; and group III, treated with BBL with intradermal injection of tranexamic acid monthly. Treatment in each group lasted three months. The MASI (Melasma Area Severity Index) and VISIA (Canfield VISIA Complexion Analysis) were used for evaluation. RESULTS: After treatment course, MASI scores and VISIA brown spot and red zone ranking improved in all four groups (p < 0.05). The decrease in MASI scores and improvement rates of VISIA brown spot and red zone rankings were not significantly different among the control group, group I, and group II; however, the decreased MASI scores and improvement rates of VISIA brown spot and red zone rankings were significantly higher in group III than in the other three groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The effect of BBL combined with the intradermal injection of TA in the treatment of melasma is remarkable. This combination therapy can be an alternative and effective treatment for managing melasma.

A study of combination unilateral subcutaneous botulinum toxin a treatment for androgenetic alopecia.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the efficacy of unilateral subcutaneous injection of botulinum toxin A combined with finasteride and minoxidil in the treatment of androgenic alopecia. METHODS: Thirty-seven patients with androgenic alopecia were treated with finasteride and minoxidil as standard therapy and were randomly assigned to subcutaneous injections of botulinum toxin A in one hemisphere of the head at the beginning of a 6-month treatment. Before treatment, 3 months after treatment, and 6 months after treatment, the patient's head hair growth was photographed and evaluated. RESULTS: After 3 and 6 months of treatment, hair density of the treated androgenic alopecia patients was higher than before treatment (p < 0.05), and the hair density of the botulinum toxin A injection side was higher than that of the control side (p < 0.05). After 6 months of treatment, the response rate of botulinum toxin A combined with finasteride and minoxidil was 77.5%, with no significant side effects observed. CONCLUSION: Finasteride and minoxidil have a significant effect on androgenic alopecia, and the effect is further increased after combined with botulinum toxin A subcutaneous injection.

Research progress of renal lipid deposition in obesity related glomerulopathy / 中国医师杂志

Obesity related glomerulopathy (ORG), as a disease with an increasing incidence of metabolic kidney injury, has become a new hot spot in today's society. A variety of factors are involved in the occurrence and development of ORG. Among them, the ectopic deposition of kidney lipids is not only a significant feature of ORG, but also a key link to promote the progress of ORG. This article reviews the related mechanisms of lipid deposition in ORG and the treatment of ORG with lipid deposition as the target.

Comparison of Two Quantitative Assays for Determination of Rh-anti-CD20 zumab and Their Application to Pharmacokinetic Study / 分析化学

An enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ) and a flow cytometry assay ( FCA ) based on Wil2-S cells were developed and systematically compared for quantification of recombinant anti-CD20 humanized monoclonal antibody ( rh-anti-CD20zumab) in biological matrix. The specificity, precision and accuracy of each method at correspondingly different linear range showed good results. For ELISA, the precisions of intra-day and inter-day were both <19 . 5%, the relative error was from-18 . 2% to 17 . 6%;For FCA, the precisions of intra-day and inter-day were both <19. 0%, the relative error was from -18. 9% to 18. 4%. The sensitivity of ELISA was significantly higher than that of FCA. The quantitative ranges of ELISA and FCA methods were 0. 04-5. 0 mg/L and 3. 1-200 mg/L, respectively. The concentrations in serum samples and pharmacokinetics analysis were determined by both of two methods after vein drip administration of rh-anti-CD20zumab in rhesus monkeys. Pharmacokinetics data showed that there was excellent consistency between results obtained by two methods at the given dose. We believe that the novel FCA with high speed and high sensitivity can be used to perform PK and PD study of cell surface antigen-targeted antibody derivatives.

Advances in the research of anti-CD20 therapeutic monoclonal antibodies / 药学学报

As targeted drugs to B-cell malignancies, anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies have been proved to be important in therapeutic antibody field. With three generations in more than ten years' development, the structures of these drugs have been improved, and many new indications have been found. Nowadays, these kinds of antibodies are not only used in the treatment of lymphoid malignancies, but also been proved to be useful in some autoimmune diseases treatment, and their new indications are still being expanded. With the optimization of their clinical dosage regimens, drug reaction has been increased, thus, therapeutic and side effects of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody have been further improved as well. However, the exact mechanism of action of their combination therapy with other chemical drugs is still unclear, which remains to be further studied. This article reviewed new development of anti-CD20 therapeutic monoclonal antibodies research in recent years.

Advances in the research of anti-CD20 therapeutic monoclonal antibodies / 药学学报

As targeted drugs to B-cell malignancies, anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies have been proved to be important in therapeutic antibody field. With three generations in more than ten years' development, the structures of these drugs have been improved, and many new indications have been found. Nowadays, these kinds of antibodies are not only used in the treatment of lymphoid malignancies, but also been proved to be useful in some autoimmune diseases treatment, and their new indications are still being expanded. With the optimization of their clinical dosage regimens, drug reaction has been increased, thus, therapeutic and side effects of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody have been further improved as well. However, the exact mechanism of action of their combination therapy with other chemical drugs is still unclear, which remains to be further studied. This article reviewed new development of anti-CD20 therapeutic monoclonal antibodies research in recent years.

Comparison of 2 kinds of construction and expression methods of reconstructed human cathelicidin LL-37 / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To employ 2 approaches to construct and express reconstructed LL-37 (rLL-37) in procaryotic system, and to explore a better preparation method. Methods The first method: the rLL-37 was inserted into vector pET-28a (+), then was induced to express in E.coli. BL21 (DE3) and purified by chromatography; the second method: the rare codons in the rLL-37 gene sequence were substituted by the preferred codons of procaryotic cell, and a fragment of carrier protein molecule (CPM) was added to the N termination of the objective sequence to construct expression plasmid pET-30a(+)-CPM-rLL-37, then the rLL-37 was expressed in E.coli. BL21 Star(DE3) and purified by chromatography. The productive rates of the 2 methods were compared and the antimicrobial effects of obtained rLL-37 was studied. Results The first method: the DNA sequence of rLL-37 was obtained successively by Touch-Down PCR. The expression plasmid pET-30a(+)-CPM-rLL-37 was expressed with fusion protein in E.coli BL21 (DE3). The expression rate accounted for 20% of total bacterio-protein, then the expressed product was purified by using high positive ion exchange column Macro-Prep High S; The second method: a fragment of carrier protein molecule was designed that contained 28 amino-acid residue and its pHi was 2.7, net charge was-6.0 at pH 7.4. After the expression plasmid pET-30a(+)-CPM-rLL-37 was constructed successively, it was expressed in E.coli BL21 Star (DE3). The expressed fusion protein accounted for 35% of total bacterio-protein, then the expressed product was purified by using affinity binding chromatography with TALON resins successfully. The obtained 2 kinds of rLL-37 were able to kill both Gram-negative and-positive bacteria by the means of inhibitory zone. Conclusion It’s feasible to prepare efficiently rLL-37 in procaryotic system, which founds the basis for the further research on bactericidal activity of rLL-37.

Screening and identification of phage antibodies against human lipopolysaccharide binding protein / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To obtain and identify monoclonal antibody against human lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP). Methods Three clones of antibody with better activity against human LBP were isolated after human antibody library screening by human LBP and 5 rounds of enrichment. After plasmid extracting, geneⅢ cutting, self-recircling and electric transforming, soluble Fab was expressed in E.coli. XL1-blue by the induction of IPTG and its characteristics were determined. Results The positive antibody was concentrated to 8.16?104 folds and the highest activity of the three clones was 106 . Conclusion Phage antibody against human LBP has been obtained successfully, which lays a solid foundation for researching its function.

Reconstruction and expression of human cathelicidin LL-37 in procaryotic cell / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To reconstruct the proteinic sequence of human cathelicidin LL-37 to increase the bactericidal activity of LL-37 and to express the reconstructed LL-37 (rLL-37) in bacterium. Methods The two dimensional structure, three dimensional structure and chemical characteristic of LL-37 were analyzed by Soft Ware Anthepro 5.0 and SWISS-MODEL. Without the three dimensional changes of LL-37, some negative amino acids of human cathelicidin LL-37 were replaced by positive amino acids and the positive charge of LL-37 was increased. According to the proteinic sequence changes of rLL-37, the DNA sequence of rLL-37 was reconstructed by Touch-Down PCR and recombined with vector pET-28a (+), thus rLL-37 was expressed in E.coli. BL21 (DE3) by the induction of IPTG and was purified by chromatography. Results Glu~ 16 , Asp~ 26 , Glu~ 36 of LL-37 were replaced by Gln~ 16 , Asn~ 26 , Gln~ 36 and the static charge of LL-37 was increased from +5.8 to +9.0 at pH 7.4. The DNA sequence of rLL-37 was reconstructed and inserted into vector pET-28a (+), the rLL-37 was expressed in E.coli. BL21 (DE3) and purified by strong cation exchange supports Macro-Prep High S successfully. The rLL-37 was proved by the means of inhibitory zone to be able to kill Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria. Conclusion It is feasible to reconstruct human cathelicidin LL-37 and express the protein in bacteria by fusion, which make it possible to produce more rLL-37 and study its biological function deeply.

Preparation and characterization of disulfide stabilized Fv fragment antibody against N-terminal fragment of human lipopolysaccharide binding protein / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To obtain the disulfide stabilized Fv fragment (dsFv) against N-terminal fragment of human lip polysaccharide binding protein (NH-LBP) and to identify its biological vitality. Methods The disulfide stabilized Fv fragment antibody (dsFv) was obtained after the inclusion bodies of dsFvVH and dsFvVL had been refolded and purified. Then the characteristics of dsFv were determined in vitro by ELISA and by detecting the secretion of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-?) in rats. Results There was 2.1 mg protein of dsFv obtained. dsFv had good combination with NH-LBP and could restrain inflammatory reaction caused by lip polysaccharide (LPS) in vivo. Conclusion It is feasible to get dsFv against NH-LBP by respective expression of VL and VH. The partial inhibition of the biological function of LBP by dsFv is a new way to restrain the over-inflammatory reaction in vivo.

Reconstruction,expression and characterization of dsFv V_L of human antibody to N terminal fragment of human lipopolysaccharide binding protein / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To introduce the mutated gene coding cysteine into the gene of dsFv VL of human antibody to N terminal fragment of lipopolysaccharide binding protein(LBP)and to express,purify the mutated dsFv VL in bacterium.Methods We reconstructed and sequenced the mutated gene of VL of human mAb Fab to LBP by Mega-primer PCR based on point mutagenesis method.Some codes of FWR1 of VL had been replaced by TGT in order to code cysteine.The DNA sequence of reconstructed VL was inserted into vector pET-28a(+),then VL was expressed by E.coli.BL21 star(DE3)and was purified by chromatography.Finally the activity of VL to bind NH-LBP was determined by ELISA.Results The results showed that the cysteine was introduced into the position 21 amino acid of VL to replace the threonine.The gene of VL was about 650 bp and relative molecular weight of VL was 28?103.VL could bind NH-LBP directly.Conclusion These have laid a foundation for producing the dsFv against NH-LBP.

Effects of NEP1-40 on GAP-43 and RhoA expression in rats of cerebral ischemic-reperfusion model / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To study the effects of NEP1-40 on axon regeneration, motor function recovery of affected limbs and RhoA signal pathway in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats for exploring the possible mechanisms. Methods A total of 60 adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were equally divided into sham operation group (sham group), cerebral ischemia-reperfusion control group (control group), intra-lateral ventricle injection of PBS group (PBS group), and intra-lateral ventricle injection of NEP1-40 group (NEP1-40 group). The middle cerebral artery ischemia-reperfusion model (MCAI/R) was established by nylon monofilament occlusion method in rats. The changes in growth associated protein-43 (GAP-43) and RhoA expressions were determined by Western blotting technique. The motor function of affected limbs was tested by the "staircase test" of Montoya’s design. Results ① The expression of GAP-43 in NEP1-40 group was higher than that in the control and the PBS groups at 7 d and 14 d after MCAI/R, peaking at 7 d; ② The expression of RhoA in NEP1-40 group was significantly lower than that in the control and the PBS groups at each time point; ③ The results of "staircase test" in NEP1-40 group were much higher than those in the control group and the PBS groups at each time point after MCAI/R. Conclusion NEP1-40 can improve axon regeneration in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats and promote the recovery of motor function. The mechanism may be associated with the inhibition of RhoA signal pathway.