Aphasia is an acquired language disorder due to a cerebral lesion; it is characterized by errors in production, denomination, or comprehension of language. Although most aphasias are mixed, from a practical point of view they are classified into different types according to their main clinical features: Broca's aphasia, Wernicke's aphasia, conduction aphasia, transcortical aphasia, and alexia with or without agraphia. We present the clinical findings for the main subtypes of aphasia, illustrating them with imaging cases, and we provide an up-to-date review of the language network with images from functional magnetic resonance imaging and tractography.
Aphasia/diagnostic imaging , Cerebral Cortex/diagnostic imaging , Diffusion Tensor Imaging , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Neuroimaging , Humans
UNLABELLED: The retroperitoneal abscess is an uncommon disease, that must be treated by drainage. The progressive use of the percutaneous drainage, under ultrasound or computed tomography guidance (CT), has changed the therapeutical management and has demonstrated to be a valid alternative to surgical drainage. From 1986 to 1998, 16 patients with retroperitoneal abscesses were treated by percutaneous drainage (14 with CT and 2 with ultrasound guidance). This method eradicated the abscess in 13 cases, in 2 was necessary a new function to cure the abscess, and 1 patient, with a severe sepsis, died. Percutaneous drainage was the unique treatment used in 12 patients. In the remaining four, the patients' clinical status improved after percutaneous drainage, and they were able to undergo subsequent elective nephrectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Percutaneous drainage of retroperitoneal abscesses has been established as a viable alternative to surgical intervention. This method can resolve the abscess or improve the patient' clinical status to undergo elective surgery.
Abscess/therapy , Abscess/diagnostic imaging , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Punctures/methods , Retroperitoneal Space/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Ultrasonography
El absceso retroperitoneal es una entidad clínica poco frecuente, cuyo tratamiento se basa en el drenaje. La introducción progresiva de las técnicas percutáneas de drenaje, bien mediante control ecográfico o bien utilizando la tomografía axial computerizada (TAC), ha modificado su abordaje terapéutico, siendo alternativas válidas al tratamiento quirúrgico tradicional. Presentamos una serie de 16 pacientes diagnosticados de absceso retroperitoneal entre 1986 y 1998, que fueron tratados mediante punción percutánea (en 14 casos dirigida por TAC y en 2 median-te control ecográfico). Se consiguió la resolución del absceso en 13 casos, recurriendo en 2 (ambos fueron tratados mediante nueva punción) y falleciendo 1 paciente que presentaba una sepsis grave. En 12 de los pacientes fue el único tratamiento aplicado, practicándose en los 4 restantes nefrectomía tras la mejoría del estado de los pacientes. CONCLUSIONES: El tratamiento percutáneo de los abscesos retroperitoneales supone una alter-nativa válida al tratamiento quirúrgico tradicional, bien como tratamiento definitivo, bien como tratamiento paliativo que nos permite mejorar el estado clínico del paciente de forma previa a la cirugía (AU)
Middle Aged , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Male , Female , Humans , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Punctures , Retroperitoneal Space , Abscess
