Effects of washing agents on the mechanical and biocompatibility properties of water-washable 3D printing crown and bridge resin.

Three-dimensional (3D) printing, otherwise known as additive manufacturing in a non-technical context, is becoming increasingly popular in the field of dentistry. As an essential step in the 3D printing process, postwashing with organic solvents can damage the printed resin polymer and possibly pose a risk to human health. The development of water-washable dental resins means that water can be used as a washing agent. However, the effects of washing agents and washing times on the mechanical and biocompatibility properties of water-washable resins remain unclear. This study investigated the impact of different washing agents (water, detergent, and alcohol) and washing time points (5, 10, 20, and 30 min) on the flexural strength, Vickers hardness, surface characterization, degree of conversion, biocompatibility, and monomer elution of 3D printed samples. Using water for long-term washing better preserved the mechanical properties, caused a smooth surface, and improved the degree of conversion, with 20 min of washing with water achieving the same biological performance as organic solvents. Water is an applicable agent option for washing the 3D printing water-washable temporary crown and bridge resin in the postwashing process. This advancement facilitates the development of other water-washable intraoral resins and the optimization of clinical standard washing guidelines.

OGG1 prevents atherosclerosis-induced vascular endothelial cell injury through mediating DNA damage repair.

OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to investigate the role of 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1) in preventing atherosclerosis-induced vascular EC injury, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the exploration of drug targets and treatment methods for atherosclerosis. METHODS: Human umbilical vein cell line (EA.hy926) was treated with ox-LDL to construct an in vitro atherosclerotic cell model. pcDNA3.1-OGG1 was transfected into EA.hy926 cells to overexpress OGG1. qRT-PCR, CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, oil red O staining, ELISA, comet assay and western blot were used to evaluate the OGG1 expression, viability, apoptosis level, lipid droplet content, 8-OHdG level and DNA damage of cells in each group. RESULTS: Compared with the Control group, ox-LDL stimulation of endothelial cells significantly decreased cell viability, promoted apoptosis and DNA damage, and increased intracellular levels of 8-OHdG and γH2AX, while decreasing protein levels of PPARγ, FASN, FABP4, RAD51 and POLB. However, overexpression of OGG1 can significantly inhibit ox-LDL damage to endothelial cells, promote lipid metabolism, decrease lipid droplet content, and improve DNA repair function. CONCLUSION: Over-expression of OGG1 improves DNA repair. Briefly, OGG1 over-expression enhances the DNA damage repair of ECs by regulating the expression levels of γH2AX, RAD51 and POLB, thereby enhancing cell viability and reducing apoptosis.

Evaluation metric of smile classification by peri-oral tissue segmentation for the automation of digital smile design.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to develop and validate evaluation metric for an automated smile classification model termed the "smile index." This innovative model uses computational methods to numerically classify and analyze conventional smile types. METHODS: The datasets used in this study consisted of 300 images to verify, 150 images to validate, and 9 images to test the evaluation metric. Images were annotated using Labelme. Computational techniques were used to calculate smile index values for the study datasets, and the resulting values were evaluated in three stages. RESULTS: The smile index successfully classified smile types using cutoff values of 0.0285 and 0.193. High accuracy (0.933) was achieved, along with an F1 score greater than 0.09. The smile index successfully reclassified smiles into six types (low, low-to-medium, medium, medium-to-high, high, and extremely high smiles), thereby providing a clear distinction among different smile characteristics. CONCLUSION: The smile index is a novel dimensionless parameter for classifying smile types. The index acts as a robust evaluation tool for artificial intelligence models that automatically classify smile types, thereby providing a scientific basis for largely subjective aesthetic elements. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The computational approach employed by the smile index enables quantitative numerical classification of smile types. This fosters the application of computerized methods in quantifying and analyzing real smile characteristics observed in clinical practice, paving the way for a more objective evidence-based approach to aesthetic dentistry.

High-throughput screening of human mercury exposure based on a low-cost naked eye-recognized biosensing platform.

Whole-cell biosensors could be helpful for in situ disease diagnosis. However, their use in analyzing biological samples has been hindered by unstable responses, low signal enhancement, and growth inhibition in complex media. Here, we offered a solution by building a visual whole-cell biosensor for urinary mercury determination. With deoxyviolacein as the preferred signal for the mercury biosensor for the first time, it enabled the quantitative detection of urinary mercury with a favorable linear range from 1.57 to 100 nM. The biosensor can accurately diagnose urine mercury levels exceeding the biological exposure index with 95.8% accuracy. Thus, our study provided a biosensing platform with great potential to serve as a stable, user-friendly, and high-throughput alternative for the daily monitoring or estimating of urinary mercury.

Influence of hydrothermal aging on the shear bond strength of 3D printed denture-base resin to different relining materials.

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the repairability of three-dimensional printed (3DP) denture bases based on different conventional relining materials and aging. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The groups for surface characterization (surface-roughness and contact-angle measurements) were divided based on the denture base and surface treatment. Shear bond strength test and failure-mode analysis were conducted by a combination of three variables: denture base, relining materials, and hydrothermal aging (HA). The initial characterization involved quantifying the surface roughness (n = 10) and contact angle (n = 10) of denture base specimens with and without sandblasting (SB) treatment. Four relining materials (Kooliner [K], Vertex Self-Curing [V], Tokuyama Rebase II (Normal) [T], and Ufi Gel Hard [U]) were applied to 3DP, heat-cured (HC), and self-cured (SC) denture-base resin specimens. Shear bond strength (n = 15) and failure-mode analyses (n = 15) were performed before and after HA, along with evaluations of the fractured surfaces (n = 4). Statistical analyses were performed using a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for surface characterization, and a three-way ANOVA was conducted for shear bond strength. RESULTS: The surface roughness peaked in HC groups and increased after SB. The 3DP group displayed significantly lower contact angles, which increased after treatment, similar to the surface roughness. The shear bond strength was significantly lower for 3DP and HC denture bases than for SC denture bases, and peaked for U at 10.65 ± 1.88 MPa (mean ± SD). HA decreased the shear bond strength relative to untreated samples. Furthermore, 3DP, HC, and SC mainly showed mixed or cohesive failures with V, T, and U. K, on the other hand, trended toward adhesive failures when bonded with HC and SC. CONCLUSION: This study has validated the repairability of 3DP dentures through relining them with common materials used in clinical practice. The repairability of the 3DP denture base was on par with that of conventional materials, but it decreased after aging. Notably, U, which had a postadhesive application, proved to be the most effective material for repairing 3DP dentures.

[Clinical analysis of endoscopic esophageal dilation for the treatment of corrosive esophageal strictures in children]. / å† é•œä¸‹é£Ÿç®¡æ‰©å¼ æ²»ç–—å„¿ç«¥è èš€æ€§é£Ÿç®¡ç‹­çª„çš„ä¸´åºŠåˆ†æž.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the clinical application of endoscopic esophageal dilation in the treatment of corrosive esophageal strictures in children. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 15 children with corrosive esophageal strictures who underwent endoscopic esophageal dilation in Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine. The clinical features, treatment modality of endoscopic esophageal dilation, number of dilations, complications, and prognosis were reviewed. RESULTS: A total of 96 esophageal dilations were performed in the 15 children with corrosive esophageal strictures, with a median of 6 dilations per child. Among them, 9 children (60%) underwent 6 or more dilations. The children with a stricture length of >3 cm had a significantly higher number of dilations than those with a stricture length of ≤3 cm (P<0.05). The children with strictures in a single segment had a significantly better treatment outcome than those with strictures in multiple segments (P=0.005). No complication was observed during all sessions of dilation. The overall effective rate (including significant improvement and improvement) of endoscopic esophageal dilation treatment was 87%, with 2 cases of failure. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic esophageal dilation is an effective and relatively safe treatment method for corrosive esophageal strictures in children, and children with strictures in a single segment tend to have a better treatment outcome than those with strictures in multiple segments.

Transversus abdominis plane block vs quadratus lumborum block for postoperative analgesia in inguinal hernia repair: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: The present review was designed to differentiate between the analgesic value of transversus abdominis plane block (TAP) vs the quadratus lumborum block (QLB) for patients undergoing inguinal hernia surgery. METHODS: PubMed, CENTRAL, Scopus, Embase, Google Scholar, Open gray, and a clinical trial registry were searched up to 18th February 2023 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing TAP and QLB for inguinal hernia repair. RESULTS: Six RCTs from India, Turkey, and Norway published between the years 2019 to 2023 were included. Anesthetic agents and dosages were similar for TAP and QLB groups in each study. On meta-analysis, pain scores were not statistically significant different between TAP and QLB at 3-6 h (MD: 0.46 95% CI: -0.11, 1.03 I2 = 86%), 12 h (MD: 1.34 95% CI: -0.12, 2.80 I2 = 97%), and 24 h (MD: 0.38 95% CI: -0.77, 1.53 I2 = 97%). Meta-analysis of total analgesic consumption showed a tendency of reduced analgesic consumption with QLB as compared to TAP but the difference was not significant (SMD: 0.69 95% CI: 0.00, 1.37 I2 = 83%). Data on complications was scarcely available. GRADE assessment of the evidence was low to moderate. CONCLUSION: Low to moderate-quality preliminary evidence suggests no difference in the analgesic efficacy of TAP and QLB for adult patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair. While there was a tendency for lower postoperative analgesic consumption with QLB, it needs to be verified by future studies.

A systematic review and meta-analysis on sex disparities in the outcomes of fenestrated branched endovascular aortic aneurysm repair.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the risk of mortality and complications between male and female patients undergoing aortic aneurysm repair with fenestrated-branched endovascular aortic repair (FBEVAR). METHODS: The PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases were searched systematically for observational studies in patients undergoing elective fenestrated branched endovascular repair for aortic aneurysm. The included studies compared outcomes of interest based on the sex of the patients. The pooled effect sizes were reported as odds ratio (OR) and weighted mean difference (WMD). STATA software was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The meta-analysis included nine studies. Compared with males, females had a higher risk of perioperative and in-hospital mortality (OR, 3.01; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.01-4.53), mortality within 1 year postoperatively (OR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.09-2.93) and mortality at more than 1 year postoperatively (OR, 1.31l 95% CI, 1.02-1.69). Female patients had significantly higher operative time (minutes) (WMD, 33.77; 95% CI, 12.01-55.52), length of hospital stay (days) (WMD, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.52-3.07), and the risk of major complications (OR, 2.93; 95% CI, 1.36-6.32) There was an increased risk of respiratory complications (OR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.20-2.40), renal complications (OR, 2.68; 95% CI, 1.25-5.74), stroke (OR, 2.74; 95% CI, 1.44-5.22), sepsis (OR, 2.24; 95% CI, 1.23-4.09), and ischemic colitis (OR, 2.63; 95% CI, 1.48-4.68) in female patients, and they were less likely to be discharged home postoperatively (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.43-0.77). CONCLUSIONS: In patients undergoing FBEVAR, female sex is associated with higher risk of mortality and complications. These findings suggest the need for careful supervision and management by multidisciplinary team in females undergoing FBEVAR.

Grapevine red blotch virus C2 and V2 are suppressors of post-transcriptional gene silencing.

Grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV) is the causative agent of grapevine red blotch disease (GRBD) which is one of the major threats faced by grapevine industry in the United States. Since its initial identification in 2011, the disease has rapidly spread in the major US grape-growing regions of the Pacific Northwest, causing major economic impacts. Geminiviruses, the largest family of plant viruses, can induce and be targeted by host post-transcriptional gene-silencing (PTGS) anti-viral mechanisms. As a counter-defense mechanism, viruses have evolved viral silencing suppressor proteins to combat PTGS mechanisms and establish a successful infection in host plants. Here we provide characterization of two ORFs of GRBV, C2 and V2 as viral silencing suppressors. In Nicotiana benthamiana line 16c GFP marker plants, synergism or additive effects of C2 and V2 suppressors was observed at the mRNA level when they are expressed together transiently. Additionally, we showed there is no evidence by yeast two-hybrid of self-interaction (dimerization) of C2 or V2 proteins, and no evidence of physical interaction between these two suppressors.

Newer therapeutic approaches towards the management of diabetes mellitus: an update.

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic condition characterized by an elevation of blood glucose levels, resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. The prevalence of the disease has been rapidly rising all over the globe at an alarming rate. Despite advances in the management of diabetes mellitus, it remains a growing epidemic that has become a significant public health burden due to its high healthcare costs and its complications. There is no cure has yet been found for the disease, however, treatment modalities include insulin and antidiabetic agents along with lifestyle modifications are still the mainstay of therapy for diabetes mellitus. The treatment spectrum for the management of diabetes mellitus has rapidly developed in recent years, with new class of therapeutics and expanded indications. This article focused on the emerging therapeutic approaches other than the conventional pharmacological therapies, which include stem cell therapy, gene therapy, siRNA, nanotechnology and theranostics.

Effects of heat-treatment methods on cytocompatibility and mechanical properties of dental products 3D-printed using photopolymerized resin.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to test heat-treatment methods for improving the cytocompatibility of dental 3D printable photopolymer resins. METHODS: Nextdent C&B resin and a digital light processing 3D printer were used to print all specimens, which were divided into seven groups as follows: 1-month storage at controlled room temperature, 20 to 25 °C (RT), 24-hour storage at RT, 24-hour storage in RT water, 1-min immersion in 80 °C water, 1-min immersion in 100 °C water, 5-min immersion in 100 °C water, and autoclaving. Cell viability tests, cytotoxicity tests, and confocal laser scanning microscopy were performed to analyze the cytocompatibility of the 3D-printed resin. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was performed after heat-treatment to determine the degree of conversion (DC). RESULTS: Immersing printed resin samples in 100 °C water for 1 or 5 min after the curing process was an effective method for increasing cytocompatibility by inducing the preleaching of toxic substances such as unpolymerized monomers, photoinitiators, and additives. Moreover, the DC can be increased by additional polymerization without affecting the mechanical properties of the material. CONCLUSIONS: Immersing the printed photosensitive dental resins in 100 °C water for 5 min is a suitable method for increasing cytocompatibility and the DC.

Clinical analysis of endoscopic esophageal dilation for the treatment of corrosive esophageal strictures in children / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the clinical application of endoscopic esophageal dilation in the treatment of corrosive esophageal strictures in children.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 15 children with corrosive esophageal strictures who underwent endoscopic esophageal dilation in Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine. The clinical features, treatment modality of endoscopic esophageal dilation, number of dilations, complications, and prognosis were reviewed.@*RESULTS@#A total of 96 esophageal dilations were performed in the 15 children with corrosive esophageal strictures, with a median of 6 dilations per child. Among them, 9 children (60%) underwent 6 or more dilations. The children with a stricture length of >3 cm had a significantly higher number of dilations than those with a stricture length of ≤3 cm (P<0.05). The children with strictures in a single segment had a significantly better treatment outcome than those with strictures in multiple segments (P=0.005). No complication was observed during all sessions of dilation. The overall effective rate (including significant improvement and improvement) of endoscopic esophageal dilation treatment was 87%, with 2 cases of failure.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Endoscopic esophageal dilation is an effective and relatively safe treatment method for corrosive esophageal strictures in children, and children with strictures in a single segment tend to have a better treatment outcome than those with strictures in multiple segments.

Influence of postwashing process on the elution of residual monomers, degree of conversion, and mechanical properties of a 3D printed crown and bridge materials.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the effects of the postwashing method and time on the mechanical properties and biocompatibility of three-dimensional (3D) printed crown and bridge resin. METHODS: DLP (digital light processing)-printed specimens produced from Nextdent crown & bridge (C&B) resins were washed separately using an ultrasonic bath and rotary washer with TPM (tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether) for 3 min, 6 min, 10 min, 20 min, and 1 h. Postcuring was applied for 30 min to each specimen after the washing process. The flexural strength, Vickers hardness, water sorption and solubility, degree of conversion (DC), elution of residual monomers, and biocompatibility of the specimens were evaluated. RESULTS: The ultrasonic bath showed greater washing efficacy by reducing the residual HEMA (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) from 2.0634 ppm to 0.1456 ppm and reducing the residual TEGDMA (triethylene glycol dimethacrylate) from 1.4862 ppm to 0.1484 ppm. With prolonged washing, the flexural strength significantly decreased from 129.67 ± 6.66 MPa (mean±standard deviation) to 103.17 ± 7.20 MPa, while the Vickers hardness increased slightly for the first 6 min and then decreased thereafter significantly. The DC was 87.78 ± 1.34% after 3 min and then gradually decreased with extended washing time. The cytotoxicity significantly decreases with the increment of the washing time. SIGNIFICANCE: The washing effect on the elution of residual monomers was better for an ultrasonic bath than for a rotary washer. Extending the washing time reduces the mechanical properties and cytotoxicity of the Nextdent C&B resin.

Recurrent abdominal pain and vomiting with elevated triglyceride and positive antinuclear antibody in a girl aged 12 years. / 12å²å¥³å­©åå¤è ¹ç—›ã€å‘•åä¼´ä¸‰é °ç”˜æ²¹å‡é«˜ã€æŠ—æ ¸æŠ—ä½“é˜³æ€§.

A girl aged 12 years and 2 months presented with recurrent abdominal pain and vomiting for more than 2 years and arthrodynia for 3 months. She was diagnosed with recurrent acute pancreatitis with unknown causes and had been admitted multiple times. Laboratory tests showed recurrent significant increases in fasting serum triglyceride, with elevated immunoglobulin and positive antinuclear antibody. The girl was improved after symptomatic supportive treatment. The girl developed arthrodynia with movement disorders 3 months before, and proteinuria, hematuria, and positive anti-double-stranded DNA antibody were observed. The renal biopsy was performed, and the pathological examination and immunofluorescence assay suggested diffuse lupus nephritis (type Ⅳ). She was finally diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), lupus nephritis (type Ⅳ), and recurrent acute pancreatitis. Pancreatitis was suspected to be highly associated with SLE. She was treated with oral hydroxychloroquine sulfate and intravenous methylprednisolone sodium succinate and cyclophosphamide. Arthrodynia was partially relieved. She was then switched to oral prednisone acetate tablets. Intravenous cyclophosphamide and pump infusion of belimumab were regularly administered. Now she had improvement in arthrodynia and still presented with proteinuria and hematuria. It is concluded that recurrent acute pancreatitis may be the first clinical presentation of SLE. For pancreatitis with unknown causes, related immunological parameters should be tested, and symptoms of the other systems should be closely monitored to avoid delaying the diagnosis.

Accuracy of 3D printed models and implant-analog positions according to the implant-analog-holder offset, inner structure, and printing layer thickness: an in-vitro study.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine how the implant-analog-holder (IAH) offset, inner structure, and printing layer thickness influence the overall accuracy and local implant-analog positional changes of 3D printed dental models. METHODS: Specimens in 12 experimental groups (8 specimens per group) with different IAH offsets, inner structures, and printing layer thicknesses were printed in three dimensions using an LCD printer (Phrozen Shuffle) and digitized by a laboratory scanner (Identica T500). The trueness and precision of the printed model as well as the angular distortion, depth deviation, and linear distortion of the implant analog were evaluated using three-way ANOVA. RESULTS: The positional accuracy was significantly higher for IAH offsets of 0.04 mm and 0.06 mm than for one of 0.08 mm, for a hollow than a solid inner structure, and for a printing layer thickness of 100 µm than for one of 50 µm (all P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: The accuracies of the 3D printed models and the implant-analog positions were significantly affected by the IAH offset, inner structure, and printing layer thickness. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Given the observation of this study, premeditating the IAH offset of 0.06 mm, hollow inner structure, and printing layer thickness of 100 µm before printing can help clinicians reach the optimum overall printing accuracy and minimum the local positional changes of the implant-analogs.

Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of severe acute hepatitis of unknown etiology in children.

BACKGROUND: Severe acute hepatitis of unknown etiology in children has recently exhibited a global trend of concentrated occurrence. This review aimed to summarize the current available information regarding the outbreak of severe acute hepatitis and introduce our hospital's previous experiences with the diagnosis and treatment of severe acute hepatitis for reference. DATA SOURCES: Websites including the UK Health Security Agency, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, CDC, WHO, and databases including PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, Embase and Web of Science were searched for articles on severe acute hepatitis in children. RESULTS: As of May 26, 2022, a total of 650 cases have been reported in 33 countries; at least 38 (6%) children required liver transplantation, and nine (1%) died. Cases are predominantly aged between 3 and 5 years old, and there are no epidemiological links among them. The common manifestations are jaundice, vomiting and pale stools. Adenovirus tested positive in most cases, and SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses were detected in a few cases, but virus particles were not found in liver tissue. Adenovirus immunohistochemistry showed immunoreactivity in the intrasinusoidal lumen from some liver samples. The hierarchical treatment includes symptomatic and supportive therapy, management of coagulation disorders and hepatic encephalopathy, artificial liver support, and liver transplantation (approximately 6%-10% of cases require liver transplant). CONCLUSIONS: The etiology of this severe acute hepatitis in children is not clear. The clinical features are severe acute hepatitis with significantly elevated liver enzymes. Clinicians need to be alert to children with hepatitis.

Evaluating oxygen shielding effect using glycerin or vacuum with varying temperature on 3D printed photopolymer in post-polymerization.

The photosensitive resin used in additive manufacturing is cured by free radical polymerization by UV irradiation. However, undesired reaction with oxygen during polymerization inhibits polymerization and results in an under-cured polymer. Therefore, in this study, the hypothesis that successful oxygen shielding in the post-polymerization step could affect the properties of the final polymer was tested. 3D printed specimens using denture base resin were post polymerized either by immersion in glycerin for oxygen shielding (GL group) or placed in a medium-low vacuum chamber at 5 × 10-2 Torr (VA group). Specimens cured with no additional conditioning served as the control (CON group). To consider the effect of temperature, all groups were additionally compared with 80 °C and without an increase in temperature (room temperature) during post-polymerization. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to measure the monomer conversion ratios between different groups. In addition, the mechanical properties were quantified by the micro-hardness, flexural strength, and elasticity of the surface, and the water sorption and solubility. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) was conducted to observe the trend in storage and loss modulus between the groups against temperature. Differences in the surface as a function of the post-polymerization conditions were qualitatively observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The result shows that oxygen shielding during post-polymerization showed an increase in the degree of conversion (DC) and hardness of the resin surface. The highest DC was observed for GL group specimens at both room temperature and 80 °C. This result was confirmed by the SEM micrographs of the resin surface, where the interface between the layers of the GL group structure becomes more robust. However, a difference was observed between the samples prepared at room temperature and 80 °C. The flexural modulus was highest in the GL group, followed by the VA group, and lowest in the CON group at 80 °C. No difference in water absorption was observed for any groups, but high water solubility was observed in the GL group at room temperature. Overall, more significant differences in the properties were observed for the samples post-polymerized at 80 °C than at room temperature. The results of DMA analysis to determine the glass transition temperature showed a similar trend in all groups, and the storage modulus and loss rate obtained in the same experiment decreased in the order of GL, CON, and VA. In conclusion, an oxygen shielded post-polymerization environment at elevated temperature effectively improves the mechanical properties of photosensitive resin.

Diagnostic values of detections of human papillomavirus DNA combined with peripheral blood cyclin A mRNA and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 mRNA for cervical squamous cell carcinoma / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic values of detections of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA combined with peripheral blood cyclin A mRNA and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) mRNA for cervical squamous cell carcinoma.Methods:Eighty patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma treated in Jiangyin Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2018 to October 2021 were selected as the research objects. Eighty patients with benign cervical lesions such as cervicitis treated in the same period were selected as the control. The levels of HPV-DNA in paraffin-embedded tissues of cervical squamous cell carcinoma were detected by gene chip, and the mRNA expression levels of cyclin A and CDK2 in peripheral blood monocytes were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The related factors of cervical squamous cell carcinoma were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Taking the results of pathological biopsy as the gold standard, the diagnostic efficacy of HPV-DNA, peripheral blood cyclin A mRNA and CDK2 mRNA single and combined detection for cervical squamous cell carcinoma were determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:The positive rate of HPV-DNA in patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma was higher than that in the control group [75.00% (60/80) vs. 13.75% (11/80), P < 0.05]; the relative expressions of cyclin A mRNA and CDK2 mRNA in patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma were 0.26±0.08 and 1.49±0.07, respectively, which were higher than those in the control group (0.11±0.03 and 1.14±0.06), and the differences were statistically significant (both P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the number of induced abortions > 1 ( OR = 3.093, 95% CI 1.386-6.899, P = 0.021), the age of first birth ≤18 years old ( OR = 3.684, 95% CI 1.651-8.219, P = 0.013), the positive HPV-DNA ( OR = 4.125, 95% CI 1.849-9.202, P = 0.001), the increased relative expression of cyclin A mRNA in peripheral blood ( OR = 3.800, 95% CI 1.703-8.478, P = 0.006) and the increased relative expression of CDK2 mRNA in peripheral blood ( OR = 4.821, 95% CI 2.161-10.756, P = 0.008) were risk factors for the occurrence of cervical squamous cell carcinoma. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of HPV-DNA, peripheral blood cyclin A mRNA and CDK2 mRNA in single and combined diagnosis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma were 0.769 (95% CI 0.700-0.838), 0.756 (95% CI 0.688-0.823), 0.755 (95% CI 0.689-0.820) and 0.827 (95% CI 0.766-0.888), respectively. Conclusions:HPV-DNA and the levels of cyclin A mRNA and CDK2 mRNA in peripheral blood can be used to assist in the diagnosis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma, and the combination of the three has high diagnostic efficiency.

The complete chloroplast genome of Agave angustifolia.

Agave angustifolia is commonly used for the production of bacanora, a kind of fermented and distilled beverage in Mexico. In the present study, we have successfully assembled its chloroplast genome. The full length of the genome is 157,274 bp with the GC content of 37.84%. There is a large single copy region (LSC) of 85,895 bp, a pair of inverted repeat regions (IR) of 26,575 bp and a small single copy region (SSC) of 18,229 bp in the genome. A total of 132 genes are annotated in the cp genome. Among these, there are 86 protein-coding genes, 38 tRNAs and 8 rRNAs. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that A. angustifolia is closely related with A. H11648.