Nursing Practicum in Gynaecology and Obstetrics - Early Influence Possibilities for a Specialty.

Background: The shortage of skilled personnel is ubiquitous, basic and further training is a key aspect in the recruitment of new medical colleagues. The significance of the nursing practicum in its function as gateway to the gynaecology and obstetrics discipline is practically unexplored. Methods: In an online questionnaire, medical students in all German faculties were questioned about the practica in their courses. The questionnaire reached 9079 medical students. 149 participants in nursing practica were selectively asked to answer 140 questions. We analysed those students who could, on the basis of their experiences in nursing practica, imagine undertaking an internship (clinical elective) in gynaecology (internship yes "Iy") separately from those who could not or were still undecided (internship no "In" or, respectively, internship perhaps "Ip"). Results: Altogether 149 medical students who participated in a nursing practicum in the gynaecology discipline were selected, of these 94.9 % were female. 92 (61.7 %) of the students replied that, after their gynaecological nursing practicum, they wanted to undertake an internship in gynaecology (Iy); 39 (26.2 %) answered negatively (In) and 18 (12.1 %) were still undecided (Ip). With regard to the parameters gender, age and duration of study, there were no significant differences among the 3 groups (χ2 0.83). Besides the didactic and professional quality of the training, Iy also mentioned having had a higher practical orientation. They attained their aims more frequently, were better integrated in the health-care team and acquired more practical competences. Satisfaction with the practicum was evaluated as highest among the Iy. Discussion: Those students who could imagine taking an internship in gynaecology were seen to be more satisfied with their practica than those participants who declined or were undecided. The high proportion of females is an early indicator for a feminisation of the specialty. If necessary this could be countered with the help of nursing management.

[Modeling of dose-response relations in exposure-related changes of the locomotor system]. / Modellierung von Dosis-Wirkungsbeziehungen für expositionsabhängige Veränderungen am Bewegungsapparat.

Methodical aspects of designing and evaluation of epidemiological studies in occupational health research concerning chronical damages were discussed and illustrated by a study, which shows an essential dependence of arthrotical changes in the knee-joint from age and the intensity of kneeling stress. It is important for both design and evaluation, to regard relevantly the period of exposure. Dose-response relations can be simple proved and well described by regression analysis. Methods like score regression and cumulative logistic regression are very suitable for medical findings with rank categorial levels.

[Optical tension studies of lifting osteotomy of the tibial tuberosity]. / Spannungsoptische Untersuchungen zur Anhebeosteotomie der Tuberositas tibiae.

Optical tension experiments for model statistics were conducted for more elucidation of lifting osteotomy of tibial tuberosity and mechanisms of its impact upon the femoropatellar joint. The following two qualitative conclusions were primarily drawn: Growing pre-displacement caused reduction in the maximum number of isochromates. Stepwise pre-displacement caused dislocation of the contact point. While full translation of the above results to natural conditions is considered impermissible, displacement of femoropatellar pressures is felt to be an important mechanism of action.