[Multi-center open comparative randomized study of efficacy and safety of Akatinol Memantine 20 mg (single-doses) vs Akatinol Memantine 10 mg (double-doses) in patients with vascular dementia]. / Mnogotsentrovoe otkrytoe sravnitel'noe randomizirovannoe issledovanie effektivnosti i bezopasnosti primeneniya preparata Akatinol Memantin, 20 mg (odnokratnyi priem) v sravnenii s preparatom Akatinol Memantin, 10 mg (dvukratnyi priem) u patsientov s sosudistoi dementsiei.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of the drug Acatinol Memantine, 20 mg (once daily) in comparison with the drug Acatinol Memantine, 10 mg (twice daily) in patients with moderate to moderate severe vascular dementia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 130 patients aged 50-85 years of both sexes with instrumentally and clinically confirmed vascular dementia. The patients were randomized into 2 groups. Group I consisted of 65 patients receiving Akatinol Memantine, 20 mg once daily, group II - 65 patients receiving Akatinol Memantine, 10 mg twice daily for 24 weeks. Clinical, parametric and statistical research methods were used. The Alzheimer's disease assessment scale, the cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog), the short mental Status Assessment Scale (MMSE) and the general clinical impression scale for patients condition and illness severity (CGI-C and CGI-S) and the Hamilton Depression Rating scale (HAM-D) were used. Adverse events were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: At week 24, both groups showed statistically significant positive change in ADAS-cog total score: in group I the total score was 27.2±8.76 points (absolute difference from baseline 3.5 points; p<0.01), and in group II - 26.1±7.86 points (absolute difference from baseline 2.5 points; p<0.01) with no statistically significant differences between groups. Evaluation of secondary efficacy criteria (change in ADAS-cog total score at week 12 and MMSE at weeks 4, 12, and 24) also revealed statistically significant benefit in both groups compared to baseline with no significant differences between groups. Statistically significant improvement was noticed on CGI-S and CGI-C scales in both groups. Akatinol Memantine was safe and well tolerated in both groups. CONCLUSION: The study showed no lesser efficacy and safety of Akatinol Memantine, 20 mg (once daily) compared to Akatinol Memantine, 10 mg (twice daily) in patients with moderate and moderately severe vascular dementia.

[Therapeutic correction of mild cognitive impairment in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia].

Neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases are the most significant among the main reasons leading to the cognitive impairment of the elderly. Vascular cognitive impairment is not limited to only dementia, representing a heterogeneous group both in pathogenic and clinical terms. The article dwells upon new principles of vascular cognitive impairment's classification and the review of their possible therapeutic correction that was conducted. The article includes the results of the 12-week open therapeutic (randomized with the control group) study of efficiency and safety of vitrum memory for patients with mild vascular cognitive impairment. It is shown that the therapy significantly improved the state of neurodynamic and regulatory functions of the patients with I--II stage dyscirculatory encephalopathy.

[Comparative characteristics of the physiometric parameters of schoolchildren' physical development].

The physiometric parameters (exercise performance, muscle strength, and lung capacity) were monitored in schoolchildren over the 15-year period. There has been a reduction in exercise performance, muscle strength and an increase in lung capacity in the past 15 years, which the pediatricians should take into account to detect physical development abnormalities in schoolchildren.

[Possibilities of preventive treatment of Alzheimer's disease: results of the 3-year open prospective comparative study on efficacy and safety of the course therapy with cerebrolysin and cavinton in elderly patients with the syndrome of mild cognitive impairment].

The study was conducted in 3 Russian centers (Moscow, St. Petersburg and Nizhniy Novgorod). The total sample included 110 patients whose mental state met the definition of <> (MCI). Patient's status was assessed with widely used scales (MMSE, GDS, CDR etc) and a battery of neuropsychological tests. Genotyping for the APOE polymorphism was performed as well. Patients were stratified into 2 comparable groups in compliance with the specifics of therapy: 55 patients were treated with cerebrolysin and 55 - with cavinton. The superiority of cerebrolysin over cavinton in slowing down of the cognitive deficit progression and delaying the time or transition of patients to the diagnostic category of Alzheimer's disease was demonstrated. Cerebrolysin was particularly effective in MCI patients with the ApoE(+) genotype, i.e. in those with higher risk for Alzheimer's disease. Adverse effects during the treatment were rare in both groups.

[Cymbalta in the treatment of chronic pain syndromes].

An open comparison study included 29 patients, aged 33-62 years, with chronic pain syndromes of the spine during at least 6 months. A main group (14 patients) received antidepressant cymbalta, an inhibitor of serotonin and noradrenalin reuptake, as an add-on drug. Data of general somatic and neurologic examination, depression level on the Beck Depression Inventory, pain intensity on the Visual Analogous Scale (VAS) were assessed on days 1, 7 and 42. Dynamics of patient's state and tolerability of the drug were assessed separately by a physician and a patient using a special questionnaire. The level of depression was significantly decreased (p<0,01) in the main group to the 42nd day. The intensity of pain syndrome on VAS was significantly lower compare to the control group to the 7th (p<0,05) and 42nd (p<0,01) days. The physician reported the marked improvement in 58% of patients of main group and in 14% of the control one. The improvement assessed by patients was found in 36% of patients of main group and in 7% of patients of control group. Side effects: nausea (28%), dry mouth (21%), constipations (14%), vertigo (21%), sleepiness (14%) were assessed by all but one patient as mild.

[The therapeutic potential of cerebrolysin in the preventive therapy of Alzheimer's disease].

A potential of prolonged 2-years course of cerebrolysin therapy with courses repeated every 6 months to slow down or prevent the transition of the syndrome of mild cognitive impairment, amnestic type, to clinically relevant dementia has been studied in the open comparative study of 73 patients divided into 2 groups, one of which included patients treated with cerebrolysin and another one those who did not receive this drug. The effect of the 2-years course therapy with cerebrolysin suggested by the authors has been proven. Such therapy allows to prevent the progression of cognitive deficit and development of dementia of Alzheimer's type. The results obtained give grounds to recommend this course therapy for prevention of dementia in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment.

[Comparative analysis of childhood morbidity depending on the type of feeding].

Retrospective and prospective studies were made in 1248 infants of the first year of life and in 642 children aged 7 to 14 years who lived in Kirov and its region. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the impact of different types of feeding on their morbidity. The children who had received an artificial feeding were ascertained to be more frequently ill both in their first year of life and at an older age.

[Impact of the type of feeding on children's physical development]. / Vliianie vida vskarmlivaniia na fizicheskoe razvitie detei.

Physical development was comparatively assessed in 1238 children of the first year of life who were differently fed. The children living in both the town of Kirov and rural areas of the Kirov Region who were on artificial feeding showed higher weight and height values, but they developed less harmonically than those of the same age who were fed with breast milk.

[Correction of antioxidant defense in patients with bronchial asthma by the method of intravascular laser irradiation]. / Korrektsiia antioksidantnoi zashchity u bol'nykh bronkhial'noi astmoi metodom éndovaskuliarnogo lazernogo oblucheniia.

Adjuvant endovascular irradiation of blood with He-Ne laser was used in addition to conventional treatment for bacterial asthma. Out of 48 asthmatics, 16 had a mild disease, 21 moderate, 11 severe forms. The course of treatment included 8-10 daily sessions lasting 30 minutes. A marked clinical response was achieved in 41 patients. The cessation of the asphyxia attacks in them allowed discontinuation or reduction of glucocorticoids administration. The duration of the exacerbations became shorter. The irradiation also stimulated the blood antioxidant system.