Functional capacity and cognitive performance of adults from Argentina in cardiopulmonary rehabilitation / Capacidad funcional y rendimiento cognitivo de adultos argentinos en rehabilitación cardiopulmonar.

Introduction: Functional capacity is decreased in people with Cardiovascular Diseases and Chronic Respiratory Diseases. These diseases have also been associated with cognitive dysfunction. The study examines the efficacy of a cardiopulmonary rehabilitation program in the recovery of functional capacity and analyzes whether subjects with cardiopulmonary diseases suffer from cognitive dysfunction. Materials and methods: Participated 50 adults with medium-high education who completed a cardiopulmonary rehabilitation program of between 3 and 6 months based on physical education, nutritional education, promotion of healthy habits and medication management. Functional capacity was evaluated with the Duke index at the beginning and end of the program. Memory and language tests were also administered, for the only time, at the beginning of the program, comparing the values obtained with Argentine normative studies. The data was analyzed with the Wilcoxon test, bivariate correlations, and linear regression. Results: Functional capacity increased significantly at the end of the program. In any case, the post-program Duke value suggests that the functional capacity of the patients continues to be affected. On the other hand, a memory test explained 10,8% of the variance in the Duke index, and there are no findings of cognitive dysfunction. Conclusion: The functional capacity of cardiopulmonary patients improved with the rehabilitation program, although this improvement is clinically insufficient. Better memory performance predicted greater functional capacity, which is why it is suggested to add cognitive stimulation workshops to cardiopulmonary rehabilitation programs. This sample with cardiopulmonary disease does not present cognitive dysfunction, probably due to its high cognitive reserve. Introduction: Functional capacity is decreased in people with Cardiovascular Diseases and Chronic Respiratory Diseases. These diseases have also been associated with cognitive dysfunction. The study examines the efficacy of a cardiopulmonary rehabilitation program in the recovery of functional capacity and analyzes whether subjects with cardiopulmonary diseases suffer from cognitive dysfunction. Materials and methods: Participated 50 adults with medium-high education who completed a cardiopulmonary rehabilitation program of between 3 and 6 months based on physical education, nutritional education, promotion of healthy habits and medication management. Functional capacity was evaluated with the Duke index at the beginning and end of the program. Memory and language tests were also administered, for the only time, at the beginning of the program, comparing the values obtained with Argentine normative studies. The data was analyzed with the Wilcoxon test, bivariate correlations, and linear regression. Results: Functional capacity increased significantly at the end of the program. In any case, the post-program Duke value suggests that the functional capacity of the patients continues to be affected. On the other hand, a memory test explained 10,8% of the variance in the Duke index, and there are no findings of cognitive dysfunction. Conclusion: The functional capacity of cardiopulmonary patients improved with the rehabilitation program, although this improvement is clinically insufficient. Better memory performance predicted greater functional capacity, which is why it is suggested to add cognitive stimulation workshops to cardiopulmonary rehabilitation programs. This sample with cardiopulmonary disease does not present cognitive dysfunction, probably due to its high cognitive reserve.

Introducción: La capacidad funcional está disminuida en personas con Enfermedades Cardiovasculares y Enfermedades Respiratorias Crónicas. Estas enfermedades también han sido asociadas a disfunción cognitiva. El estudio examina la eficacia de un programa de rehabilitación cardiopulmonar en la recuperación de la capacidad funcional, y analiza si sujetos con enfermedades cardiopulmonares sufren disfunción cognitiva. Materiales y métodos: Participaron 50 personas adultas con instrucción media-alta que completaron un programa de rehabilitación cardiopulmonar de entre 3 y 6 meses basado en educación física, educación nutricional, promoción de hábitos saludables y manejo de medicación. Se evaluó la capacidad funcional con el índice Duke al iniciar y finalizar el programa. Se administró también, por única vez, al iniciar el programa, pruebas de memoria y de lenguaje, comparando los valores obtenidos con estudios normativos argentinos. Se analizó los datos con test Wilcoxon, correlaciones bivariadas y regresión lineal. Resultados: La capacidad funcional aumentó significativamente al finalizar el programa. De todos modos el valor Duke pos- programa sugiere que la capacidad funcional de los pacientes continúa afectada. Por otro lado, una prueba de memoria explicó el 10,8% de la varianza en el índice Duke, y no hay hallazgos de disfunción cognitiva. Conclusión: La capacidad funcional de los pacientes cardiopulmonares mejoró con el programa de rehabilitación, aunque dicha mejora, es clínicamente insuficiente. Mejor rendimiento de memoria predijo mayor capacidad funcional, por lo que se sugiere añadir talleres de estimulación cognitiva a los programas de rehabilitación cardiopulmonares. Esta muestra con enfermedad cardiopulmonar no presenta disfunción cognitiva, probablemente por su elevada reserva cognitiva.

[Association between acute coronary events and psychosocial risk factors: vital exhaustion, anxiety and anger in an Argentinian population. A correlation study between risks factors]. / Asociación entre evento coronario y factores de riesgo psicosociales: agotamiento vital, ansiedad e ira en una población de Argentina. Estudio de correlación entre factores de riesgo.

OBJECTIVE: To study the association between vital exhaustion, anxiety and anger with acute coronary event; second, determine whether they are associated with each other, and third, if the joint interaction of two or more factors increases the risk for coronary event. METHOD: We conducted a case-control study with 165 patients, both sexes, between 35 and 75 years, 90 patients with acute ischemic coronary event and 75 controls hospitalized with an acute event of non-ischemic cardiac causes. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences between the control group and the ischemic coronary group for vital exhaustion was found (OR = 3.0 (1.6-5.5) p < 0.001 (chi2)). Psychosocial risk factors are associated each with p < 0.001: anxiety and vital exhaustion (Spearman Rho = 0.58), anger and vital exhaustion (Spearman Rho = 0.41) and anxiety and anger (Spearman Rho = 0.38). The simultaneous presence of vital exhaustion and anxiety increases the probability of an acute ischemic coronary event (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: In this study we found a significative association between vital exhaustion and acute ischemic coronary event, psychosocial risk factors are associated with each other and simultaneous presence of vital exhaustion and anxiety increases the probability of an acute ischemic coronary event.

Asociación entre evento coronario y factores de riesgo psicosociales: agotamiento vital, ansiedad e ira en una población de Argentina. Estudio de correlación entre factores de riesgo / [Association between acute coronary events and psychosocial risk factors: vital exhaustion, anxiety and anger in an Argentinian population. A correlation study between risks factors].

OBJECTIVE: To study the association between vital exhaustion, anxiety and anger with acute coronary event; second, determine whether they are associated with each other, and third, if the joint interaction of two or more factors increases the risk for coronary event. METHOD: We conducted a case-control study with 165 patients, both sexes, between 35 and 75 years, 90 patients with acute ischemic coronary event and 75 controls hospitalized with an acute event of non-ischemic cardiac causes. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences between the control group and the ischemic coronary group for vital exhaustion was found (OR = 3.0 (1.6-5.5) p < 0.001 (chi2)). Psychosocial risk factors are associated each with p < 0.001: anxiety and vital exhaustion (Spearman Rho = 0.58), anger and vital exhaustion (Spearman Rho = 0.41) and anxiety and anger (Spearman Rho = 0.38). The simultaneous presence of vital exhaustion and anxiety increases the probability of an acute ischemic coronary event (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: In this study we found a significative association between vital exhaustion and acute ischemic coronary event, psychosocial risk factors are associated with each other and simultaneous presence of vital exhaustion and anxiety increases the probability of an acute ischemic coronary event.

Asociación entre evento coronario y factores de riesgo psicosociales: agotamiento vital, ansiedad e ira en una población de Argentina. Estudio de correlación entre factores de riesgo. / [Association between acute coronary events and psychosocial risk factors: vital exhaustion, anxiety and anger in an Argentinian population. A correlation study between risks factors].

OBJECTIVE: To study the association between vital exhaustion, anxiety and anger with acute coronary event; second, determine whether they are associated with each other, and third, if the joint interaction of two or more factors increases the risk for coronary event. METHOD: We conducted a case-control study with 165 patients, both sexes, between 35 and 75 years, 90 patients with acute ischemic coronary event and 75 controls hospitalized with an acute event of non-ischemic cardiac causes. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences between the control group and the ischemic coronary group for vital exhaustion was found (OR = 3.0 (1.6-5.5) p < 0.001 (chi2)). Psychosocial risk factors are associated each with p < 0.001: anxiety and vital exhaustion (Spearman Rho = 0.58), anger and vital exhaustion (Spearman Rho = 0.41) and anxiety and anger (Spearman Rho = 0.38). The simultaneous presence of vital exhaustion and anxiety increases the probability of an acute ischemic coronary event (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: In this study we found a significative association between vital exhaustion and acute ischemic coronary event, psychosocial risk factors are associated with each other and simultaneous presence of vital exhaustion and anxiety increases the probability of an acute ischemic coronary event.

Seguimiento de pacientes sometidos a cirugía cardiovascular: impacto de la educación en la prevención secundaria / Follow-up of patients submitted to cardiovascular surgery: impact of teaching on the secondary prevention

Cardiac rehabilitation programs (CRP), include exercise training, medical advice and education related to cardiovascular pathologies, psychosocial support and behavioral characteristics. This approach shows a sustained positive impact over the cardiovascular risk factors, the physical training and the health-related quality of life of the patients and on adherence to dietary recommendations. During the 2004 the authors started the implementation of the Integral Teaching Program (ITP), focused to convalescent patients after a cardiovascular event and with the purpose to enter in a plan of cardiac rehabilitation and secondary preventions with exercise training programs and with a multidisciplinary approach. The aim of this report was to describe the results of the ITP in a cohort of patients submitted to cardiovascular surgery. In a second term, the impact of the ITP will be measured including the total and partial adherence to the different planes of cardiac rehabilitation programs and the management of vascular risk factors. Also it was studied the improvement in physiological outcomes and health-related quality of life in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

[Vital exhaustion is significantly linked to acute coronary events in Argentine population]. / El Agotamiento Vital se encuentra significativamente asociado con Eventos Coronarios Agudos en una población de Argentina.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the strength of the association between the Vital exhaustion syndrome (VES) and acute coronary ischemic events in hospitalized Argentinean sample. METHODS: VES was measured in 180 patients of both sexes, 90 admitted due to an acute coronary ischemic syndrome (AMI or unstable angina) and a control group of 90 admitted due to an acute non-coronary cardiac event. VES was evaluated with the Maastricht questionnaire during the first week of hospitalization. RESULTS: Dividing the sample in two categories: exhausted and non-exhausted, 57 (63,33%) of the coronary were exhausted, while among the non coronary group, 33 were exhausted (36,66%)(OR=3.1 (1.7-5.8)). The exhaustion score was: control mean score: 17,1 (sd 8,96); case mean score: 21,1 (sd10,60) p: 0.006. Dislipemia was another factor with a significant difference: control 27 (30%) case 44 (62%) OR= 2.2 (1.2-4.1) p=0.01. Logistic regression was performed, including an interaction model between DLP and exhaustion, and it did not show a significant effect. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that in Argentina, among other countries as reported in the literature, VES is a psychological condition that is strongly and independent associated to acute coronary events.

El Agotamiento Vital se encuentra significativamente asociado con Eventos Coronarios Agudos en una población de Argentina / Vital Exhaustion is significantly linked to Acute Coronary Events in Argentine population

Objetivo: Determinar la fuerza de la asociación entre el Agotamiento Vital y eventos isquémicos coronarios agudos en una muestra de pacientes argentinos internados. Método: Se midió el Agotamiento mediante el cuestionario de Maastricht en 180 pacientes de ambos sexos, 90 casos con un evento corona río agudo y 90 controles con un evento agudo cardíaco no-isquémico. Se compararon ambos grupos por edad, sexo, estado civil, y educación, Diabetes, Hipertensión Arterial, Tabaquismo, y Dislipemia. Resultados: El 63,33 por ciento, 57 de los casos estaban agotados, en cambio, el 36,66 por ciento, 33 controles estaban agotados (OR= 3.1 (1.7-5.8) p

Objective: To determine the strength of the association between the Vital exhaustion syndrome (VES) and acute coronary ischemic events in hospitalized Argentinean sample. Methods: VES was measured in 180 patients of both sexes, 90 admitted due to an acute coronary ischemic syndrome (AMI or unstable angina) and a control group of 90 admitted due to an acute non-coronary cardiac event VES was evaluated with the Maastricht questionnaire during the first week of hospitalization. Results: Dividing the sample in two categories: exhausted and non-exhausted, 57 (63,33 percent) of the coronary were exhausted, while among the non coronary group, 33 were exhausted (36, 66 percent)(OR=3.1 (1.7-5.8) p<.OO1. The exhaustion score was: control mean score: 17,1 (sd 8,96); case mean score: 21,1 (sd 10,60) p: 0.006. Dislipemia was another factor with a significant difference: control 27 (30 percent) case 44 (62 percent) OR= 2.2 (1.2-4.1) p=O.01. Logistic regression was performed, including an interaction model between DLP and exhaustion, and it did not show a significant effect. Conclusions: Our results indicate that in Argentina, among other countries as reported in the literature, VES is a psychological condition that is strongly and independent associated to acute coronary events.

El Agotamiento Vital se encuentra significativamente asociado con Eventos Coronarios Agudos en una población de Argentina / Vital Exhaustion is significantly linked to Acute Coronary Events in Argentine population

Objetivo: Determinar la fuerza de la asociación entre el Agotamiento Vital y eventos isquémicos coronarios agudos en una muestra de pacientes argentinos internados. Método: Se midió el Agotamiento mediante el cuestionario de Maastricht en 180 pacientes de ambos sexos, 90 casos con un evento corona río agudo y 90 controles con un evento agudo cardíaco no-isquémico. Se compararon ambos grupos por edad, sexo, estado civil, y educación, Diabetes, Hipertensión Arterial, Tabaquismo, y Dislipemia. Resultados: El 63,33 por ciento, 57 de los casos estaban agotados, en cambio, el 36,66 por ciento, 33 controles estaban agotados (OR= 3.1 (1.7-5.8) p

Objective: To determine the strength of the association between the Vital exhaustion syndrome (VES) and acute coronary ischemic events in hospitalized Argentinean sample. Methods: VES was measured in 180 patients of both sexes, 90 admitted due to an acute coronary ischemic syndrome (AMI or unstable angina) and a control group of 90 admitted due to an acute non-coronary cardiac event VES was evaluated with the Maastricht questionnaire during the first week of hospitalization. Results: Dividing the sample in two categories: exhausted and non-exhausted, 57 (63,33 percent) of the coronary were exhausted, while among the non coronary group, 33 were exhausted (36, 66 percent)(OR=3.1 (1.7-5.8) p<.OO1. The exhaustion score was: control mean score: 17,1 (sd 8,96); case mean score: 21,1 (sd 10,60) p: 0.006. Dislipemia was another factor with a significant difference: control 27 (30 percent) case 44 (62 percent) OR= 2.2 (1.2-4.1) p=O.01. Logistic regression was performed, including an interaction model between DLP and exhaustion, and it did not show a significant effect. Conclusions: Our results indicate that in Argentina, among other countries as reported in the literature, VES is a psychological condition that is strongly and independent associated to acute coronary events.(AU)