Risk Factors of Seizure in Childhood Shigellosis.

Objectives: Shigellosis is one of the common causes of bacterial diarrhea in children. Seizures are common in shigellosis. It is essential to identify the risk factors of seizure in this disease. Materials & Methods: This study was conducted on 224 children with shigellosis. The patients were divided into: With (case groups = 63 cases) and without seizures (control group = 161 cases). Groups were compared regarding different variables such as age, gender, clinical symptoms, and laboratory findings. Data analysis was done using statistical tests and SPSS software. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors of seizures. Results: Out of 224 cases of children with shigellosis, 107 (47.8%) were male and 117 (52.2%) female. Significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of age, history of febrile convulsions, frequency of bloody diarrhea, frequency of fever, duration of diarrhea before hospitalization, abdominal pain, increase in BUN, hyponatremia, hypocalcemia, and red blood cell count in stool (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that a history of febrile seizure, fever, and hyponatremia are the risk factors for seizures in shigellosis. Conclusion: This study concluded that a history of febrile seizure, fever, and hyponatremia are risk factors for seizure in childhood shigellosis, thus rapid diagnosis and treatment of childhood shigellosis with risk factors is very important.

Clinical and Laboratory Findings of Viral Influenza among Children Hospitalized in Qazvin Pediatric Hospital in Iran (2015-2020).

BACKGROUND: Children are one of the most important groups at risk of catching an influenza infection. The consequences of influenza in some children, especially children with chronic and underlying diseases, can be very severe and lead to hospitalization. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this research was to determine children with influenza and their clinical and laboratory findings in Qazvin Children's Hospital between 2015 to 2020 years. METHODS: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, epidemiological and clinical findings of children hospitalized due to confirmed influenza were considered. A total of 1468 children with a suspected diagnosis of influenza were included in this study. Then, based on the Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), a total of 229 were confirmed positive for influenza. Statistical analysis was done using software SPSS 23.0, Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA), and t-test (p≤0.05). RESULTS: The results showed that most of the patients (53.7 %) were infected with influenza H1N1 type. Most comorbidities were observed with Central Nervous System (CNS) disease and febrile seizure (each one 3.10 %). The highest clinical feature was fever (83.4 %). Significant relationship was observed between the season (p=0.001), soreness in throat (p=0.001), febrile seizure (p=0.051), muscle and joint pain (p=0.059), rhinorrhea (p=0.006) and shiver (p=0.051), and occurrence of influenza. Also, 4 children had died from influenza during hospitalization. CONCLUSION: Children with influenza were examined in this study. Influenza has some side effects on children's health. Due to the irreversible and dangerous effects of influenza, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment in children is important.