Evaluation of Toxicity and Antihyperlipidemic Activity of Spondias Mombin l. Leaves Methanolic Extract in Laboratory Rats.

AIMS: To study the toxicological profile and anti-hyperlipidemic effects of Spondias mombin leaves methanolic extract in experimental rats. BACKGROUND: Preventing high levels of lipids or its recurrence is currently one of the key aims of clinical and experimental studies. OBJECTIVE: This study was carried out to investigate the toxicological profile and anti-hyperlipidemic effects of methanolic extract of leaves of Spondias mombin. METHODS: The acute toxicity study was carried out where the limited dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight was administered to five rats at 48 h intervals. The interpretation was prepared and recorded for 24 h. In the sub-acute toxicity study, rats were treated with 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg doses of the extract every 24 h for 28 days. The hematological, biochemical, and histopathological tests of treated animals were carried out at the end of the test. The anti-hyperlipidemic activity of plant extract (100, 200 mg/kg) was studied on Triton-X-100 induced hyperlipidemia in rats. Histopathological changes in the liver of rats were examined. RESULTS: For acute and subacute treatment, the extract did not reveal any signs of toxicity or mortality, or any significant effects on hematological, biochemical parameters, and histopathology of organs. The extract demonstrated an important anti-hyperlipidemic result by decreasing the serum levels of cholesterol, TGs, LDL, VLDL, and enhancing HDL. CONCLUSION: Taking up the evidence of the experimental study, we can conclude that the methanolic extract of Spondias mombin leaves helps in declining hyperlipidemia in rats and it can be safely used for a period of 28 days to treat hyperlipidemia.

Extraction, GC-MS Evaluation and Anti-epileptic Potential of Seeds Ethanolic Extract of Putranjiva roxburghii Wall.

BACKGROUND: Putranjiva roxburghii Wall is traditionally known to cure many pathological conditions including epilepsy. OBJECTIVE: The present study is aimed at determining bioactive compounds in ethanolic extract of Putranjiva roxburghii test extract (PRTE) seeds by GCMS analysis and to assess its antiepileptic potential using various experimental models of epilepsy. METHODS: The ethanolic extract of seeds of Putranjiva roxburghii was subjected to GC-MS analysis to detect the bioactive phytoconstituents. Acute oral toxicity of the extract was performed using OCED guideline 420. Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) kindling model of epilepsy and Maximal electroshock epilepsy (MES) model of epilepsy were used to determine anti-epileptic potential. RESULTS: The GC-MS analysis of the extract revealed the presence of 20 phytoconstituents. The major phytoconstituents included n-Propyl heptyl ether (25.25%), 5-Ethyl hydantoin (8%), octadec- 9-enoic acid (16.25%) and 1, 2-Benzene dicarboxylic acid (11.86%). The PRTE (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) afforded a significant and dose-dependent protection against PTZ-induced kindling epilepsy and MES induced epilepsy (p<0.001 and p<0.01). CONCLUSION: Based on the above findings, it is evident that Putranjiva roxburghii seeds contain biologically active compounds. It can also be concluded that the extract possesses anti-epileptic potential.