RESUMEN
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are considered promising energy-storage systems because of their high theoretical energy density, low cost, and eco-friendliness. However, problems such as the shuttle effect can result in the loss of active materials, poor cyclability, and rapid capacity degradation. The utilization of a structural configuration that enhances electrochemical performance via dual adsorption-catalysis strategies can overcome the limitations of Li-S batteries. In this study, an integrated interlayer structure, in which hollow carbon fibers (HCFs) were modified with in-situ-generated Ni nanoparticles, was prepared by scalable one-step carbonization. Highly hierarchically porous HCFs act as the carbon skeleton and provide a continuous three-dimensional conductive network that enhances ion/electron diffusion. Ni nanoparticles with superior anchoring and catalytic abilities can prevent the shuttle effect and increase the conversion rate, thereby promoting the electrochemical performance. This synergistic effect resulted in a high capacity retention of 582 mAh g-1 at 1 C after 100 cycles, providing an excellent rate capability of up to 3 C. The novel structure, wherein Ni nanoparticles are embedded in cotton-tissue-derived HCFs, provides a new avenue for enhancing electrochemical performance at high C rates. This results in a low-cost, sustainable, and high-performance hybrid material for the development of practical Li-S batteries.
RESUMEN
Plasma metabolites offer insights into aging processes and aging-related biomarkers. Here, the dietary effects of various functional foods on older adult mice were evaluated using metabolomic techniques. Fifty-week-old mice were divided into four groups (n = 4 each) and fed either a normal diet (AC) or the diets from Triticum aestivum sprout (TA), Schisandra chinensis (SZ), or Pisum sativum sprout (PS) extracts. Additionally, a group of 8-week-old mice fed a normal diet (YC; n = 5) was included for the comparison. The PS group had a significantly lower free fatty acid content and higher ornithine, proline, citric acid, and oxalic acid contents than the AC group. The PS group also showed reduced oxidative stress and muscle damage, suggesting the higher anti-aging efficacy of P. sativum sprouts than the other diets. These findings suggest plasma metabolite profiling is an effective tool to assess the anti-aging effects of functional foods. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-023-01479-8.
RESUMEN
Pakchoi (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis) is one of the most widely consumed vegetables in Asian countries, and it is high in secondary metabolites. The availability, quantity, and quality of light play a critical role in the growth and development of plants. In this study, we investigated the effect of LEDs (light-emitting diodes; white, blue, red, and red + blue) on anthocyanin, glucosinolates, and phenolic levels in red pakchoi baby leaves. On the 24th day after sowing (DAS), red baby pakchoi leaves were harvested, and shoot length, root length, and fresh weight were measured. Among the different LED treatments, there was no significant difference in shoot length, whereas the highest root length was achieved in the red + blue LED treatment (23.8 cm). The fresh weight also showed a significant difference among the different LED treatments. In total, 12 phenolic and 7 glucosinolate individual compounds were identified using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The highest total glucosinolate (2937 µg/g dry wt) and phenolic (1589 µg/g dry wt) contents were achieved in baby leaves exposed to red + blue light. Similarly, the highest contents of total anthocyanins (1726 µg/g dry wt), flavonoids (4920 µg/g dry wt), and phenolics (5900 µg/g dry wt) were achieved in the red + blue treatment. Plants exposed to red + blue LED light showed the highest accumulation of anthocyanin, glucosinolates, and phenolic compounds. For antioxidant activity, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazylradical) free radical scavenging, ABTS (2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging, and reducing power assays were performed, and the antioxidant activity of red pakchoi baby leaves grown under red + blue LED light was found to be the best. The metabolic profiling of the identified metabolites revealed distinct separation based on the secondary metabolites. This research will be helpful for farmers to choose the best LED light combination to increase the secondary metabolic content in pakchoi plants.
RESUMEN
Narcissus tazetta var. chinensis is a perennial monocot plant that is well known for its pharmaceutical and ornamental uses. This study aimed to understand the changes in the primary and secondary metabolites in different in vitro tissues of N. tazetta (callus, adventitious root, and shoot) using high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry. In addition, to optimize the most efficient in vitro culture methods for primary and secondary metabolite production, N. tazetta bulbs were used as explants and cultivated in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing different hormones at various concentrations. In addition, the present study found suitable hormonal concentrations for callus, adventitious root, and shoot induction and analyzed the primary and secondary metabolites. The MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L-1 dicamba, 3.0 mg L-1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), and 3.0 mg L-1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) was the most efficient media for callus, adventitious root, and shoot induction in N. tazetta. The tissue induced in this medium was subjected to primary (amines, amino acids, organic acids, sugars, and sugar alcohols) and secondary metabolite (galantamine and phenolic acids) analysis. The shoots and roots showed the highest amounts of metabolites. This study showed that bulb in vitro culture can be an efficient micropropagation method for N. tazetta and the production of primary and secondary metabolites, offering implications for the mass production of primary and secondary metabolite compounds from N. tazetta tissues generated in vitro.
RESUMEN
Several studies have revealed the risk factors for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). However, no studies have evaluated the influence of these risk factors on the selection of treatment modalities for CTS. This study aimed to determine the influence of CTS risk factors on the selection of CTS treatment modalities with a focus on corticosteroid injection (CI) and surgery. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients agedâ ≥20 years with newly diagnosed CTS in the Korean health insurance review and assessment service between 2010 and 2019. We evaluated the demographic information, the existence of CTS risk factors, and the applied treatment modalities for CTS, including CI and operation. The CTS risk factors include age, sex, diabetes mellitus, osteoarthritis of the hand or wrist, rheumatoid arthritis, hypothyroidism, gout, chronic kidney disease (CKD) on dialysis, antiestrogen or aromatase inhibitor medication, and a history of distal radius fracture (DRF). Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted. Age over 80 years was the most significantly associated factor for the selection of CI in CTS (odd ratio [OR], 2.149; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.092 to 2.209; Pâ <â .001). Among underlying diseases or medications, CKD on dialysis (OR, 4.001; 95% CI, 3.819-4.193; Pâ <â .001) was the most significant associated factor for the selection of operation for CTS, followed by a history of DRF (OR, 1.803; 95% CI, 1.749-1.860; Pâ <â .001). Old age was the most significantly related factor for selecting CI. Among underlying diseases or medications, CKD on dialysis and the history of DRF were the most significantly related factors for selecting operative treatment. For these patients, clinicians should proactively consider an operation to reduce the long-term discomfort and economic burdens.
Asunto(s)
Síndrome del Túnel Carpiano , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica , Humanos , Síndrome del Túnel Carpiano/epidemiología , Síndrome del Túnel Carpiano/etiología , Síndrome del Túnel Carpiano/cirugía , Estudios Retrospectivos , Diálisis Renal/efectos adversos , Factores de Riesgo , Corticoesteroides/uso terapéutico , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/complicacionesRESUMEN
17ß-Estradiol is an ovarian hormone that regulates energy circulation and storage by acting on the central nervous system. However, the metabolic differences between the blood and brain when stimulated by 17ß-estradiol are poorly understood. Moreover, research using menopause-induced models to investigate primary metabolites in the blood and brain is limited. Thus, this study aimed to identify metabolic changes in the plasma and brain resulting from 17ß-estradiol supplementation in an estrogen-deficient mouse model. Three groups of mice were utilized: sham-operated mice (Sham), ovariectomized mice (OVX), and ovariectomized mice that received a weekly supplementation of 17ß-estradiol (E2). Plasma and brain samples from these mice were subjected to metabolic analysis using gas chromatography-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry. Compared with the plasma samples from the Sham and OVX groups, the plasma samples from the E2 group contained higher contents of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), such as valine, isoleucine, and leucine. Meanwhile, the brain samples from the E2 group contained higher contents of most metabolites, including BCAAs, neurotransmitters, tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates, and fatty acids, than those from the two other groups. This study is the first to reveal differences in energy metabolism induced by 17ß-estradiol supplementation through brain metabolic profiling of ovariectomized mice, emphasizing the importance of brain metabolic profiling in menopausal hormone research.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Platelet-to-Lymphocyte ratio (PLR) has been studied as a prognostic factor for various diseases and traumas. This study examined the utility of PLR as a tool for predicting 30-day mortality in patients experiencing severe trauma. METHODS: This study included 139 patients who experienced trauma and fulfilled ≥1 criteria for activation of the hospital's severe trauma team. Patients were divided into non-survivor and survivor groups. Mean PLR values were compared between the groups, the optimal PLR cut-off value was determined, and mortality and survival analyses were performed. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS ver. 26.0. The threshold of statistical significance was P<0.05. RESULTS: There was a significant difference in mean (±standard deviation) PLR between the non-survivor (n=36) and survivor (n=103) groups (53.4±30.1 vs. 89.9±53.3, respectively; P<0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed an optimal PLR cut-off of 65.35 (sensitivity, 0.621; specificity, 0.694, respectively; area under the ROC curve, 0.742), and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed a significant difference in mortality rate between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: PLR can be calculated quickly and easily from a routine complete blood count, which is often performed in the emergency department for individuals who experience trauma. The PLR is useful for predicting 30-day mortality in trauma patients with severe trauma team activation.
RESUMEN
Climate change has increased variable weather patterns that affect plants. To address these issues, we developed a microbial biocontrol agent against drought stress in kimchi cabbage (Brassica rapa L. subsp. pekinensis). We selected three bacterial strains (Leifsonia sp. CS9, Bacillus toyonensis TSJ7, and Lysinibacillus capsici TT41) because they showed a survival rate of up to 50% and good growth rate when treated with 30% PEG 6000. The three strains were treated with kimchi cabbage to confirm their enhanced drought stress resistance under non-watering conditions. Among the three strains, the TT41 treated group showed a significant increase in various plant parameters compared with the negative control on the 7th day. We performed extensive profiling of primary and secondary metabolites from kimchi cabbage and the TT41 strain. Multivariate and pathway analyses revealed that only the TT41 group clustered with the well-watered group and showed almost the same metabolome on the 7th day. When treated with TT41, lactic acid was identified as an indicator metabolite that significantly improved drought stress tolerance. Furthermore, lactic acid treatment effectively induced drought stress tolerance in kimchi cabbage, similar to that achieved with the TT41 strain.
RESUMEN
Seed longevity is a critical characteristic in agriculture, yet the specific genes/proteins responsible for this trait and the molecular mechanisms underlying reduced longevity during seed aging remain largely elusive. Here we report the comparative proteome and metabolome profiling of three rice cultivars exhibiting varying degrees of aging tolerance: Dharial, an aging-tolerant cultivar; Ilmi, an aging-sensitive cultivar; and A2, a moderately aging-tolerant cultivar developed from the crossbreeding of Dharial and Ilmi. Artificial aging treatment (AAT) markedly reduced the germination percentage and enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes in all the cultivars. Further, proteomics results showed a key role of the ubiquitin (Ub)-proteasome pathway in the degradation of damaged proteins during AAT while other proteases were majorly reduced. In addition, proteins associated with energy production and protein synthesis were strongly reduced in Ilmi while these were majorly increased in A2 and Dharial. These, along with metabolomics results, suggest that Ub-proteasome mediated protein degradation during AAT results in the accumulation of free amino acids in Ilmi while tolerant cultivars potentially utilize those for energy production and synthesis of stress-related proteins, especially hsp20/alpha-crystallin family protein. Additionally, both Dharial and A2 seem to activate brassinosteroid signaling and suppress jasmonate signaling which initiates a signaling cascade that allows accumulation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants for efficient detoxification of aging-induced ROS. Taken together, these results provide an in-depth understanding of the aging-induced changes in rice seeds and highlight key pathways responsible for maintaining seed longevity during AAT.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes , Oryza , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Brasinoesteroides/metabolismo , Germinación , Oryza/metabolismo , Complejo de la Endopetidasa Proteasomal/metabolismo , Semillas/metabolismoRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Cancellous bone harvested from the distal radius has been used in various hand surgeries, but studies on its use in scaphoid waist nonunions are insufficient. We investigated the usefulness of cancellous bone graft from the distal radius and headless screw fixation in unstable scaphoid waist nonunion. METHODS: Thirty-one patients who underwent cancellous bone graft from the distal radius and headless screw fixation for unstable scaphoid waist nonunion with follow-up for at least 1 year were included. Bone union time, the number of patients with bone union at six and 12 weeks, total number of patients with bone union at last follow-up, and bone union on the computed tomography (CT) image at postoperative six weeks were evaluated. Further, pre- and postoperative radiological measurements, such as scaphoid length and height, lateral intra-scaphoid angle, and height-to-length ratio, and functional outcomes were compared. Additionally, inter-observer reliability of radiologic parameters was checked. RESULTS: Bone union was achieved in 29 patients. There were two nonunions (6.5%). Bone union time was 10.7 (range, 6-26) weeks. Eighteen (58%) and 25 patients (80.6%) were diagnosed with bone union on the plain radiographs at six and 12 weeks, respectively. Twenty-two patients (71%) were diagnosed with bone union on CT performed at six weeks. Radiological measurements and functional outcomes improved postoperatively. The scaphoid length showed good inter-observer agreement. CONCLUSIONS: In treating unstable scaphoid waist nonunion, cancellous bone graft from the distal radius and headless screw fixation achieved 93.5% union and improved radiological measurements as well as functional outcomes.
Asunto(s)
Fracturas no Consolidadas , Hueso Escafoides , Humanos , Radio (Anatomía)/diagnóstico por imagen , Radio (Anatomía)/cirugía , Hueso Esponjoso/trasplante , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Estudios Retrospectivos , Fracturas no Consolidadas/diagnóstico por imagen , Fracturas no Consolidadas/cirugía , Fijación Interna de Fracturas/efectos adversos , Fijación Interna de Fracturas/métodos , Hueso Escafoides/diagnóstico por imagen , Hueso Escafoides/cirugía , Tornillos Óseos , Trasplante Óseo/métodosRESUMEN
Warton's jelly-derived Mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) play key roles in improving nerve regeneration in acellular nerve grafts (ANGs); however, the mechanism of WJ-MSCs-related nerve regeneration remains unclear. This study investigated how WJ-MSCs contribute to peripheral nerve regeneration by examining immunomodulatory and paracrine effects, and differentiation potential. To this end, WJ-MSCs were isolated from umbilical cords, and ANGs (control) or WJ-MSCs-loaded ANGs (WJ-MSCs group) were transplanted in injury animal model. Functional recovery was evaluated by ankle angle and tetanic force measurements up to 16 weeks post-surgery. Tissue biopsies at 3, 7, and 14 days post-transplantation were used to analyze macrophage markers and interleukin (IL) levels, paracrine effects, and MSC differentiation potential by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunofluorescence staining. The WJ-MSCs group showed significantly higher ankle angle at 4 weeks and higher isometric tetanic force at 16 weeks, and increased expression of CD206 and IL10 at 7 or 14 days than the control group. Increased levels of neurotrophic and vascular growth factors were observed at 14 days. The WJ-MSCs group showed higher expression levels of S100ß; however, the co-staining of human nuclei was faint. This study demonstrates that WJ-MSCs' immunomodulation and paracrine actions contribute to peripheral nerve regeneration more than their differentiation potential.
Asunto(s)
Gelatina de Wharton , Animales , Humanos , Cordón Umbilical , Diferenciación Celular , Células CultivadasRESUMEN
Salvia plebeia (Lamiaceae) is a medicinal plant containing diverse bioactive constituents that have biological properties. In this study, we determined the optimal conditions (media and auxin) for the hairy root culture of S. plebeia for the growth and accumulation of phenolic compounds and evaluated its antioxidant activities. Rosmarinic acid and five phenylpropanoids were detected using high-performance liquid chromatography. The hairy roots grown in 1/2 SH medium with 1 mg/L NAA had a high level of rosmarinic acid content. Hairy roots cultured in 1 mg/L NAA had the highest total content of five phenylpropanoids. Compared to wild-type roots grown in the field, hairy roots (NAA 1) expressed similar levels of rosmarinic acid but significantly enhanced phenylpropanoid accumulation. Furthermore, the total phenolic content and total flavonoid content of hairy roots (NAA 1) were 2.22 and 1.73 times higher than those of wild-type roots. In the results of DPPH, ABTS, and reducing power assays, the hairy roots (NAA 1) showed higher free radical scavenging effects and reduction potential than the wild-type roots. These results suggest that S. plebeia hairy roots cultured under optimal conditions, which exhibit enhanced phenolic compound accumulation and antioxidant activity, can potentially be used as sources of antioxidants.
RESUMEN
Chinese cabbage is considered as one of the most important cruciferous vegetables in South Korea because of its use in salads, kimchi, and Korean cuisine. Secondary metabolites were quantified in three Chinese cabbage varieties: 65065, interspecific hybrid of Chinese cabbage × red cabbage exhibiting a deep purple color; 85772, interspecific hybrid of Chinese cabbage × red mustard exhibiting a reddish-purple color; and a typical Chinese green cabbage cultivar "CR Carotene" (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis cv. CR Carotene). A total of 54 metabolites (2 amines, 2 sugar alcohols, 2 sugar phosphates, 6 carbohydrates, 18 amino acids, 13 organic acids, 8 phenolic compounds, and 3 carotenoids) were detected in 85772. Of them, 52 metabolites excluding ß-carotene and 9-cis-ß-carotene, and 51 metabolites excluding leucine, ß-carotene, and 9-cis-ß-carotene, were detected in 65065 and CR Carotene, respectively. Amino acid content was the highest in 85772, followed by 65065 and CR Carotene. The cultivars 65065 and 85772 contained high levels of phenolic compounds and total anthocyanins. Cyanidin-, pelargonidin-, and petunidin-type anthocyanins were detected in 65065 and 85772. However, delphinidin-type anthocyanins which typically impart a deep purple color were identified only in the deep purple phenotype 65065. Furthermore, the total anthocyanin content was the highest in 85772 (4.38 ± 0.65 mg g -1 dry weight) followed by that in 65065 (3.72 ± 0.52 mg g-1 dry weight). Antibacterial and antioxidant analyses revealed remarkable antibacterial effects of the purple cultivars against pathogens Vibrio parahaemolyticus (KCTC 2471), Bacillus cereus (KCTC 3624), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (KCCM 11803), Staphylococcus aureus (KCTC 3881), Chryseobacterium gleum (KCTC 2094), and Proteus mirabilis (KCTC 2510)] and methicillin-resistant pathogenic strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (0826, 0225, 0254, 1113, 1378, 1731, p01827, and p01828) compared with the antibacterial effects of CR Carotene. Furthermore, 65065 and 85772 exhibited significantly higher antioxidant activity than that of the CR Carotene. Therefore, the novel purple Chinese cabbages (65065 and 85772), derived from interspecific hybridization, are potentially favorable alternatives to the typical green Chinese cabbage, given the higher content of amino acids, phenolic compounds, anthocyanins, and carotenoids, as well as an increased ability to scavenge free radicals and inhibit pathogen growth.
Asunto(s)
Brassica rapa , Brassica , Antocianinas/química , Brassica rapa/metabolismo , beta Caroteno/metabolismo , Brassica/química , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Carotenoides/química , Fenotipo , Aminoácidos/metabolismo , Antibacterianos/metabolismoRESUMEN
Although soybean (Glycine max) leaves generate building blocks to produce seeds, a comprehensive understanding of the metabolic changes in soybean leaves during the entire growth stages is limited. Here, we investigated the metabolite changes in soybean leaves from five cultivars among four vegetative (V) and eight reproductive (R) stages using metabolite profiling coupled with chemometrics. Principal component analysis (PCA) of all samples showed a clear separation by growth stage. The total amount of monosaccharides and organic acids for energy production were highly detected in the V stage samples, accumulating in concentrations 2.5 and 1.7 times higher than in the R stage samples, respectively. The results of partial least-squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) revealed a clear separation from R1 to R5 by the first PLS, suggesting significant alterations in the metabolic networks up to R5. After flowering, the stage of seed formation, R5, was associated with lower levels of most amino acids and an accumulation of phytosterols. The negative correlation observed between amino acids and phytosterol levels suggests a sophisticated coordination between carbon and nitrogen metabolism in plant, ensuring and supporting optimal growth (r = -0.50085, P = 0.0001). In addition, R-stage samples had decreased monosaccharide levels, indicating redistribution to seeds and senescence-related metabolite changes. Thus, metabolite profiling coupled with chemometrics could be a useful tool for investigating alterations in metabolic networks during various plant growth and development stages. Furthermore, we observed variations in flavonoid contents among the different cultivars. The results could be a basis of further studies on the source-sink interactions in the plant system.
RESUMEN
Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are regarded as an effective artificial light source for producing sprouts, microgreens, and baby leaves. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the influence of different LED lights (white, red, and blue) on the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites (glucosinolates, carotenoids, and phenolics) and the biological effects on kale microgreens. Microgreens irradiated with white LEDs showed higher levels of carotenoids, including lutein, 13-cis-ß-carotene, α-carotene, ß-carotene, and 9-cis-ß-carotene, than those irradiated with red or blue LEDs. These findings were consistent with higher expression levels of carotenoid biosynthetic genes (BoPDS and BoZDS) in white-irradiated kale microgreens. Similarly, microgreens irradiated with white and blue LEDs showed slightly higher levels of glucosinolates, including glucoiberin, progoitrin, sinigrin, and glucobrassicanapin, than those irradiated with red LEDs. These results agree with the high expression levels of BoMYB28-2, BoMYB28-3, and BoMYB29 in white- and blue-irradiated kale microgreens. In contrast, kale microgreens irradiated with blue LEDs contained higher levels of phenolic compounds (gallic acid, catechin, ferulic acid, sinapic acid, and quercetin). According to the total phenolic content (TPC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) inhibition assays, the extracts of kale microgreens irradiated with blue LEDs had slightly higher antioxidant activities, and the DPPH inhibition percentage had a positive correlation with TPC in the microgreens. Furthermore, the extracts of kale microgreens irradiated with blue LEDs exhibited stronger antibacterial properties against normal pathogens and multidrug-resistant pathogens than those irradiated with white and red LEDs. These results indicate that white-LED lights are suitable for carotenoid production, whereas blue-LED lights are efficient in increasing the accumulation of phenolics and their biological activities in kale microgreens.
RESUMEN
In this study, 30 patients with unilateral paediatric trigger thumb were examined with measurements taken within 1 month before surgery, and at 3 months after surgery. We measured the dorsal-palmar (DP) diameter, radioulnar (RU) diameter and cross-sectional area (CSA) of the flexor pollicis longus (FPL) tendon at two sites: just proximal to the A1 pulley and underneath the A1 pulley using ultrasonography. Following surgical A1 pulley release, the DP diameter, RU diameter and CSA of the FPL tendon just proximal to the A1 pulley significantly decreased from 2.6 mm to 2.2 mm, from 5.1 mm to 4.2 mm and from 11 mm2 to 7.8 mm2, respectively. Additionally, the RU diameter and CSA of the FPL tendon at the area beneath the A1 pulley significantly increased from 2.2 mm to 3.2 mm and from 4.3 mm2 to 5.8 mm2, respectively. This finding suggests that the conformation of the FPL tendon of the affected thumb tends to return to that of the contralateral uninvolved thumb after A1 pulley release. Underdevelopment of the inner space around the A1 pulley may contribute to the development of paediatric trigger thumb.Level of evidence: III.
Asunto(s)
Pulgar , Trastorno del Dedo en Gatillo , Humanos , Niño , Pulgar/diagnóstico por imagen , Pulgar/cirugía , Trastorno del Dedo en Gatillo/diagnóstico por imagen , Trastorno del Dedo en Gatillo/cirugía , Tendones/diagnóstico por imagen , Tendones/cirugía , UltrasonografíaRESUMEN
Species in the genus Trametes (Basidiomycota, Polyporales) have been used in natural medicine for a long time. Many studies reported that mycelia or fruiting bodies of Trametes spp. exhibited effects of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities. However, comparative analysis in this genus is scarce due to limitation of morphological identification and the sample number. In this study, the 19 strains of seven Trametes species were chosen to generate a five-gene-based phylogeny with the 31 global references. In addition, 39 culture extracts were prepared for 13 strains to test for anticancer and antibacterial activities. Strong anticancer activities were found in several extracts from T. hirsuta and T. suaveolens. Anticancer activities of T. suaveolens, T. cf. junipericola and T. trogii were first described here. The antibacterial ability of T. versicolor and T. hirsuta extracts has been confirmed. The antibacterial activities of T. suaveolens have been reported at the first time in this study. These results suggest an efficient application of the genus Trametes as the drug resources especially for anticancer agents.
RESUMEN
Schizandrae Fructus (SF) and Hoveniae Semen cum Fructus (HSCF) have long been used as medicinal herbs for treating various diseases in Asian traditional medicine. In the current study, we investigated the protective effect of fermented SF pomace and HSCF extract 1:1 (w:w) combination mixture (MSH) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury mice. After MSH (50-200 mg/kg) oral administration for 7 consecutive days, animals were injected intraperitoneally with CCl4 (0.5 mL/kg). Histopathological observation revealed that administration of MSH synergistically decreased the degeneration of hepatocytes and the infiltration of inflammatory cells induced by CCl4. Moreover, MSH administration reduced the activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase in serum, and mitigated apoptotic cell death in hepatic parenchyma. In addition, MSH alleviated CCl4-mediated lipid peroxidation by restoring endogenous antioxidants capacities including glutathione contents, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities. In vitro assessments using tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells revealed that MSH protects hepatocytes by lowering ROS generation and lipid peroxidation via upregulating the transcriptional activity of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 and the expression of antioxidant genes. Furthermore, MSH synergistically attenuated the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in CCl4-injured liver and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that MSH has the potential to prevent acute liver damage by effectively suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation.
RESUMEN
Schizandrae Fructus (SF), fruits of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. and Hoveniae Semen cum Fructus (HSCF), the dried peduncle of Hovenia dulcis Thunb., have long been used for alcohol detoxification in the traditional medicine of Korea and China. In the current study, we aimed to evaluate the potential synergistic hepatoprotective effect of a combination mixture (MSH) comprising fermented SF pomace (fSFP) and HSCF hot water extracts at a 1:1 (w:w) ratio against ethanol-induced liver toxicity. Subacute ethanol-mediated hepatotoxicity was induced by the oral administration of ethanol (5 g/kg) in C57BL/6J mice once daily for 14 consecutive days. One hour after each ethanol administration, MSH (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) was also orally administered daily. MSH administration significantly reduced the serum activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase. Histological observation indicated that MSH administration synergistically and significantly decreased the fatty changed region of hepatic parenchyma and the formation of lipid droplet in hepatocytes. Moreover, MSH significantly attenuated the hepatic triglyceride accumulation through reducing lipogenesis genes expression and increasing fatty acid oxidation genes expression. In addition, MSH significantly inhibited protein nitrosylation and lipid peroxidation by lowering cytochrome P450 2E1 enzyme activity and restoring the glutathione level, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity in liver. Furthermore, MSH synergistically decreased the mRNA level of tumor necrosis factor-α in the hepatic tissue. These findings indicate that MSH has potential for preventing alcoholic liver disease through inhibiting hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation.